Three treatments designed to reduce the consumption of alcohol by native American high school students were assessed and compared. Selfreferred and staff-referred clients were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: (1) alcohol education and a peer-assisted selfcontrol procedure, (2) a peer-assisted self-control procedure, and (3) a self-monitoring only procedure. All three treatments were conducted by trained peer counselors for 14 weeks. The alcohol education and peer-assisted self-control and the peer-assisted self-control demonstrated reductions in peak blood alcohol concentration, frequency of drinking incidents, and alcohol consumption. The self-monitoring only group demonstrated changes only in frequency of drinking incidents. No significant differences were found between the three treatment programs. Alcohol knowledge was found not to differ between groups and was not found to be related to changes in any of the drinking parameters. Selfesteem changes were found to be highest for Group 2 and were found to relate to changes in all the drinking parameters. Permissive versus abstinence attitudes were not found to differ between groups, but for all subjects higher abstinence attitude scores were found to be significantly related to decreases in peak blood alcohol concentration.

O momento da ordenha é fundamental para definir a qualidade do leite utilizado na indústria. Para obter leite e derivados com padrão de qualidade superior é fundamental investir em treinamentos, orientações e métodos que auxiliem no controle da matéria prima. O presente trabalho consistiu na adaptação e implantação de ferramentas de controle de qualidade, utilizados normalmente na indústria de alimentos, para o setor de ordenha. As ferramentas implantadas foram um Programa de Auto Controle (PAC), composto por um manual de Boas Práticas de Fabricação e os Procedimentos Padrão de Higiene Operacional (PPHO). Para avaliar a ocorrência de melhoras significativas com a implantação do PAC, foram comparados os índices de qualidade do leite (contagem de células somáticas e contagem bacteriana total) do tanque resfriador nos períodos anteriores e posteriores ao estudo. Conclui-se que a adaptação e aplicação do PAC nas atividades da ordenha, conforme descrito neste estudo, apresentou melhorias na qualidade do leite. / The milking procedures are crucial to defining the quality of milk used in industry. To obtain milk and dairy products with a higher quality standard, it is essential to invest in training, guidelines and methods that help in the control of the raw material. The present study consisted in the adaptation and implantation of quality control tools, normally used in the food industry, for the milking parlor sector. The tools implemented were an Auto Control Program (PAC), composed of a Manual of Good Manufacturing Practices and the Standard Procedures of Operational Hygiene (PPHO). To assess the occurrence of significant improvements with PAC implantation, the milk quality indices (somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts) of the cooling tank were compared in the periods before and after the study. It was concluded that the adaptation and application of PAC in milking activities, as described in this study, showed improvements in milk quality.

O momento da ordenha é fundamental para definir a qualidade do leite utilizado na indústria. Para obter leite e derivados com padrão de qualidade superior é fundamental investir em treinamentos, orientações e métodos que auxiliem no controle da matéria prima. O presente trabalho consistiu na adaptação e implantação de ferramentas de controle de qualidade, utilizados normalmente na indústria de alimentos, para o setor de ordenha. As ferramentas implantadas foram um Programa de Auto Controle (PAC), composto por um manual de Boas Práticas de Fabricação e os Procedimentos Padrão de Higiene Operacional (PPHO). Para avaliar a ocorrência de melhoras significativas com a implantação do PAC, foram comparados os índices de qualidade do leite (contagem de células somáticas e contagem bacteriana total) do tanque resfriador nos períodos anteriores e posteriores ao estudo. Conclui-se que a adaptação e aplicação do PAC nas atividades da ordenha, conforme descrito neste estudo, apresentou melhorias na qualidade do leite. / The milking procedures are crucial to defining the quality of milk used in industry. To obtain milk and dairy products with a higher quality standard, it is essential to invest in training, guidelines and methods that help in the control of the raw material. The present study consisted in the adaptation and implantation of quality control tools, normally used in the food industry, for the milking parlor sector. The tools implemented were an Auto Control Program (PAC), composed of a Manual of Good Manufacturing Practices and the Standard Procedures of Operational Hygiene (PPHO). To assess the occurrence of significant improvements with PAC implantation, the milk quality indices (somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts) of the cooling tank were compared in the periods before and after the study. It was concluded that the adaptation and application of PAC in milking activities, as described in this study, showed improvements in milk quality.