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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Contribuições ao acionamento e controle sensorless aplicado ao motor de indução bifásico assimétrico / Contribution to development of sensorless control techniques applied to asymmetrical two-phase induction motor drives

Vieira, Rodrigo Padilha 11 May 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This doctoral thesis presents the development of sensorless methods aiming the rotor speed control of asymmetrical two-phase induction motors. Initially, the machine mathematical model is presented. From the machine model, two methods for identification of electrical parameters of the induction machine are presented. The first method is based on the classical tests for electrical parameter estimation on three-phase induction motors, while the second method uses a RLS algorithm for the electrical parameters identification. Moreover, a vector control scheme applied to asymmetrical induction machines is presented. The influence that the machine asymmetry impacts on the field indirect vector control rotating at synchronous speed is analyzed. Simulation results show the coupling and the oscillations on the stator currents. The rotor speed estimation is carried out firstly by a MRAS estimator applied to single-phase induction motor drive. Furthermore, three rotor speed estimation methods based on continuous and discrete time sliding mode observers are proposed. The proofs of stability and convergence of these algorithms are developed and presented. The limits for the switching gains of the sliding mode observer are presented for continuous and discrete time. These limits are distinct and are highlighted in this study. Besides, a geometric modulation technique for three-leg voltage source inverters driving two-phase machines is presented. The rotor speed control is carried out from two schemes. The first method uses a discrete-time PI controller, while the second scheme uses a RMRAC controller. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed techniques. / Esta tese faz o desenvolvimento de técnicas sensorless para o controle de velocidade rotórica de motores de indução bifásicos assimétricos. Inicialmente, o modelo matemático deste motor é apresentado. A partir da obtenção deste modelo, dois métodos para realização de ensaios com o intuito de determinar os parâmetros elétricos da máquina são desenvolvidos. O primeiro método é baseado nos ensaios clássicos para estimação de parâmetros de máquinas de indução trifásicas, enquanto o segundo método faz o uso de um algoritmo RLS identificação dos parâmetros elétricos. Além disso, neste trabalho um método de controle vetorial aplicado a máquinas de indução assimétricas é desenvolvido. É demonstrada a influência que a assimetria da máquina resulta no uso do controle vetorial orientado indiretamente no campo em eixos síncronos. Resultados de simulações mostram o acoplamento e consequentes oscilações nas correntes estatóricas. A estimação da velocidade rotórica é realizada inicialmente a partir do desenvolvimento de um estimador MRAS aplicado a um motor de indução monofásico. São propostos três métodos de estimação da velocidade rotórica a partir de algoritmos por modos deslizantes em tempo contínuo, e três métodos desenvolvidos em tempo discreto. As provas de estabilidade e convergência destes algoritmos são desenvolvidas e apresentadas. Ficam evidentes as diferenças entre os métodos em tempo contínuo e tempo discreto, bem como os limites para os ganhos dos observadores. Ainda, uma técnica de modulação para conversores de três braços acionando carga bifásicas é apresentada. O controle da malha de velocidade rotórica é realizado a partir de dois esquemas, o primeiro usa um controlador PI, enquanto o segundo método faz o uso de um controlador RMRAC. Resultados de simulação e experimentais são apresentados para validação das técnicas propostas.
52

Controle vetorial para velocidade de um motor de indu??o trif?sico utilizando estimador filtro de Kalman

Dantas, Flavio Gon?alves 09 September 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlavioGD_DISSERT.pdf: 434327 bytes, checksum: 80a9ab9e6651a6af8ae71caa0fd3bfec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-09 / This paper describes the study, computer simulation and feasibility of implementation of vector control speed of an induction motor using for this purpose the Extended Kalman Filter as an estimator of rotor flux. The motivation for such work is the use of a control system that requires no sensors on the machine shaft, thus providing a considerable cost reduction of drives and their maintenance, increased reliability, robustness and noise immunity as compared to control systems with conventional sensors / Esta disserta??o apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma simula??o computacional com a finalidade de demonstrar o funcionamento do controle vetorial para velocidade de um motor de indu??o trif?sico utilizando m?todo de estima??o pelo Filtro de Kalman Estendido, bem como os procedimentos necess?rios para sua implementa??o pr?tica. A motiva??o maior que influenciou a pesquisa est? na utiliza??o de um sistema de controle inovador que n?o necessita de sensores no eixo da m?quina (t?cnica sensorless), proporcionando desta forma uma consider?vel redu??o nos custos de acionamentos e manuten??o, aumento da confiabilidade, da robustez e da imunidade a ru?dos em rela??o ao controle de motores convencionais com sensores
53

Controle de velocidade sensorless de motores brushless DC submetidos a variações periódicas de carga / Sensorless speed control of brushless DC subjected to periodic load torque

Baratieri, Cassio Luciano 21 July 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This master thesis presents a sensorless speed control drive of Brushless DC motors used in reciprocating compressors. These compressors cause periodic load torque variations on the motor, consequently mechanical vibrations and acoustic noise are presented as well. As a result, a discrete speed controller based on the internal model principle is proposed. This controller aims to track the speed reference and to reduce the periodic torque disturbances caused by the compressor. The proposed controller consists of a rotor position and speed estimator, and a discrete speed controller with variable sampling frequency that depend on the rotor speed. The discrete estimator is based on the zero crossing point detection of the back-electromotive force. This method is optimized by using a Least Squares algorithm. The speed controller consists of two control actions, repetitive and proportional-derivative actions. In order to complement the drive system operation, a new procedure to start a BLDCM with current control is proposed. This technique ensures the maximization of the electromagnetic torque during startup and to avoid demagnetization of the permanent magnet by the stator current. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the techniques adopted, as well as the main advantages, disadvantages and operational limitations of the experimental implementation. In addition, the performance of the load torque rejection is evaluated by comparing the harmonic spectrum of the torques produced by the proposed speed controller and a PI controller. / Esta dissertação apresenta um sistema de acionamento e controle de velocidade sensorless para motores Brushless DC utilizados em compressores alternativos. Estes compressores provocam variações periódicas de carga sobre o motor causando vibrações mecânicas e ruído acústico. Em vista disso, um controlador discreto de velocidade baseado no princípio do modelo interno é proposto. Este controlador visa o rastreamento assintótico de uma velocidade de referência e a redução dos distúrbios cíclicos de conjugado provocados pelo compressor. Para isso, o sistema proposto é constituído por um estimador discreto da posição e da velocidade do rotor, e um controlador discreto de velocidade com frequência de amostragem variável em função da velocidade de rotação. O estimador discreto baseia-se na deteção do cruzamento da força contra-eletromotriz por zero, a qual é otimizada por meio de um algoritmo de Mínimos Quadrados. O controlador de velocidade é composto por duas ações de controle, uma ação repetitiva e uma proporcionalderivativa. De forma a complementar a operação do sistema de acionamento, um novo procedimento de partida com controle de corrente é proposto para o BLDCM. Este procedimento possibilita a maximização do conjugado eletromagnético do motor durante a partida e ainda evita a desmagnetização dos ímãs pela incidência de altas correntes estatóricas. Por fim, resultados de simulação e experimentais são apresentados para demonstrar o desempenho das técnicas adotadas, assim como as principais vantagens, desvantagens e limitações operacionais da implementação experimental. Além disso, a performance da rejeição parcial do conjugado de carga é avaliada com a comparação do espectro harmônico dos conjugados produzidos pelo controlador de velocidade proposto e por um controlador proporcional-integral.
54

Projeto automático de controlador de velocidade sem sensor mecânico para motores de indução trifásicos / Automatic project of encoderless speed regulators applied to three-phase induction motors

Einloft, Diego 27 August 2008 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This works proposes parameters estimation algorithm to auto-tune the control laws of a speed sensorless servo. The identification process of the electrical and mechanical parameters is based on recursive least squares method (RLS) and utilizes just measured stator currents. The electrical parameters are obtained by the transfer function of the motor with locked rotor. Hence, this eliminates the need to realize classical tests for the electrical parameters obtention and impose robustness to the controller for parameters variations caused by aging of materials. Thus, the electrical parameters are used to project the current controllers and the rotor speed is estimated by a model reference adaptive systems (MRAS). The structure of MRAS is composed by two systems (reference model and adaptive system) based on instantaneous reactive power and using an adaptation mechanism. On the other hand, to obtain a robust control when the system is subject to disturbances or load s variations, mechanical parameters are identified using estimated rotor speed and mechanical model of the induction motor (IM). Finally, for the speed control is used a proportional plus integral controller (PI) self-tuned through the estimated inertia. / Este trabalho propõe um algoritmo de identificação paramétrica para auto-ajuste da lei de controle de um servo de velocidade sem sensor mecânico. O processo de identificação dos parâmetros elétricos e mecânicos do servo é baseado em algoritmos do tipo mínimos quadrados recursivo (RLS) e utiliza apenas as medidas das correntes estatóricas. Os parâmetros elétricos são identificados através da função de transferência do motor com rotor bloqueado. Isso elimina a necessidade de realizar ensaios clássicos para obtenção dos parâmetros elétricos e impõe robustez ao controlador frente a variações paramétricas que ocorrem devido aos desgastes e envelhecimento dos materiais que constituem o motor. Uma vez identificados, os parâmetros elétricos são utilizados no projeto dos controladores de corrente e a velocidade rotórica é estimada utilizando um sistema adaptativo por modelo de referência (MRAS). A estrutura do MRAS é composta por dois sistemas (modelo de referência e sistema adaptativo) baseados na potência reativa instantânea e utiliza um mecanismo de adaptação. Por outro lado, para impor robustez ao controlador frente a variações de carga, os parâmetros mecânicos são identificados a partir da velocidade rotórica estimada e do modelo mecânico do motor de indução (MI). Finalmente, para o controle de velocidade é usado um controlador proporcional e integral (PI) com seus ganhos sintonizados a partir da inércia estimada.
55

Sensorless Vector Control and Field Weakening Operation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Zhang, Yuan 17 December 2010 (has links)
No description available.
56

Sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motor / Commande sans capteur d'un moteur synchrone a aimants permanents

Shah, Dhruv 31 March 2011 (has links)
Nous proposons dans ces travaux, une solution aux problèmes de longue date posés par le control sans capteur d’une machine électrique. Cette solution consiste à élaborer un contrôleur asymptotiquement stable qui régule la vitesse du moteur en mesurant uniquement les coordonnées électriques. Nous l’avons appliqué à un moteur synchrone à aimant permanent non saillant, perturbé par un couple de charge constant non connu. Le schéma proposé est un observateur non linéaire d’ordre 4, basé sur le control qui ne dépend pas d’opérations non robustes intrinsèques au système, comme l’intégration de boucle ouverte à un système dynamique et ce schéma peut être facilement intégrée en temps réel. Le contrôleur est facile à commander par l’ajustement du gain qui détermine directement le taux de convergence de la position et de la vitesse et charge le couple d’observateurs. Les simulations et les résultats expérimentaux mettent en évidences les bonnes performances ainsi que la robustesse des paramètres d’incertitudes du schéma que nous proposons. La comparaison par simulation avec un contrôleur sans capteur à champ orienté présenté récemment dans la littérature, a également été effectuée. La thèse se termine par des remarques de conclusion et des propositions de sujet de recherche s’inscrivant dans la continuité de ces travaux. / A solution to the longstanding problem of sensorless control of an electrical machine is provided in this work. That is, the construction of an asymptotically stable controller that regulates the mechanical speed of the motor, measuring only the electrical coordinates. The result is presented for a non-salient permanent magnet synchronous motor perturbed by an unknown constant load torque. The proposed scheme is a fourth order nonlinear observer-based controller that does not rely on-intrinsically nonrobust-operations like open-loop integration of the systems dynamical model nor signal differentiation, and can be easily implemented in real time. The controller is easy to commission, with the tuning gains directly determining the convergence rates of the position, speed and load torque observers. Simulation and experimental results that illustrate the good performance, as well as the robustness to parameter uncertainty, of the scheme are presented. A simulated comparison with a sensorless field-oriented controller, recently proposed in the drives literature, is also carried out. The thesis is closed with some concluding remarks and some potential research topics generated from this work.
57

[en] MOTOR SPEED ESTIMATION WITH SENSORLESS VECTORIAL CONTROL, EMPLOYING AN EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER WITH ESTIMATION OF THE COVARIANCE OF THE NOISES / [pt] ESTIMAÇÃO DE VELOCIDADE DO MOTOR COM CONTROLE VETORIAL SEM SENSOR, UTILIZANDO FILTRO ESTENDIDO DE KALMAN COM ESTIMAÇÃO DA COVARIÂNCIA DOS RUÍDOS

JAIME ANTONIO GONZALEZ CASTELLANOS 17 November 2004 (has links)
[pt] Este trabalho apresenta uma solução para a estimação da velocidade do motor de indução quando é aplicado um controle vetorial sem sensor sensorless, utilizando o filtro estendido de Kalman com um filtro secundário, inovador, que proporciona os valores ótimos das matrizes de covariância e pode trabalhar em forma on-line. / [en] This work presents a solution to estimate the induction motor drive speed when a sensorless vectorial control is applied employing an extended Kalman Filter with a secundary filter, innovative, which supply the optimal covariance matrix values of the noise and it permit to work online way.
58

Solving a Dead-lock Problem of NFO Sinus

Engdahl, Henrik January 2007 (has links)
<p>This thesis presents, analyzes and suggests solutions to the dead-lock problem of the sensorless variable speed drive NFO Sinus. Friction, measurement, parameter estimation and quantization effects are believed possible origins of this problem and is hence studied. A short introduction to ¯eld oriented control of the asynchronous AC motor and the NFO Control strategy is also included.</p><p>The report is published at LiTH as ISRN LiTH-ISY-EX--06/3945--SE and at LTH under ISRN LUTFD2/TFRT--5780--SE.</p>
59

Self-sensing algorithms for active magnetic bearings / Andries C. Niemann

Niemann, Andries Christiaan January 2008 (has links)
Active magnetic bearings (AMBs) have become a key technology in industrial applications with a continued drive for cost reduction and an increase in reliability. AMBs require position feedback to suspend the rotor. Conventional contactless position sensors are used to measure the rotor's position. The major disadvantages of conventional position sensors are their cost and that the sensors are viewed as a weak point in an AMB system. A self-sensing sensor is a type of sensor which is cost effective, reduces sensor wire-length and increases reliability, thus ideal for the industry. This type of sensor relies on the current and voltage signals of the AMB's to obtain the rotor position. Due to the rapid and advanced development of digital electronics, it has become more powerful and cheaper, thus self-sensing in mass production will be cost effective. Different self-sensing approaches were developed in the past and can be divided into two main categories: state estimation and amplitude modulation approaches. In this research the focus will be on the amplitude modulation approach. Amplitude modulation makes use of two signals, namely the modulation signal and the carrier signal. In a self-sensing AMB system the carrier can be a high frequency component injected into the system or the switching ripple of the switch mode power amplifier can be used. The modulation signal is the change in rotor position which results in changing inductances. The actuator material introduces nonlinear effects on the estimated position. Due to these nonlinear effects, it is rather difficult to obtain the rotor position. The first industrial application of a self-sensing turbomolecular pump system was implemented in 2005 by S2M. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate existing self-sensing schemes, devise improvements and investigate possible new schemes. Four different demodulation methods and two new self-sensing schemes are evaluated. An AMB transient simulation model which includes saturation, hysteresis, eddy currents and cross-coupling is used to evaluate the schemes in simulation. The self-sensing schemes are implemented in hardware and evaluated on a 7 A rms 500 N AMB. A comparative study was done on the different self-sensing schemes. From the comparative study it was determined that the gain- and phase effects have a direct effect on the sensitivity of the system. It was also proved that self-sensing can be implemented on a coupled AMB with a sensitivity of 10.3 dB. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
60

Pressure Control using Sensorless Voice Coil

Bergman, Erik January 2013 (has links)
In this master thesis, a new method for estimating the position of the moving parts of avoice coil is presented. Instead of using a position sensor the method exploits the connectionbetween the position and the inductance of the voice coil. This is done by superpositioning a small sine voltage signal and the voice coil voltage control signal. By measuring thevoltage and current and using the fourier transform, the impedance and phase difference iscalculated which are used to compute the inductance. A medical ventilator (also known as a respirator) concept is developed with a control systemwhich takes the expiratory pressure from a higher to a lower level. The position estimationalgorithm is then used in an attempt to improve the pressure control. The result is a slightlymore stable control system. The master thesis is conducted at Maquet Critical Care (MCC) in Solna, Sweden. MCC is amedical technology company working with high performance medical ventilators. The longterm goal of this work is to develop a ventilator which is more comfortable for the patient.

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