The advancement of computational fluid dynamics to simulate highly complex fluid flow situations have allowed for simulations that require weeks of computation using expensive high performance clusters. These simulations often generate terabytes of data and hinder the design process by greatly increasing the post-processing time. This research discusses a method to extract shock waves and separation and attachment lines as the simulation is calculating and as a post-processing step. Software agents governed by subjective logic were used to make decisions about extracted features in converging and converged data sets. Two different extraction algorithms were incorporated for shock waves and separation and attachment lines and were tested on four different simulations. A supersonic ramp simulation showed two shock waves at 10% of convergence, but did not reach their final spatial locations until 85% convergence. A similar separation and attachment line analysis was performed on a cylinder in a cross flow simulation. The cylinder separation and attachment lines were within 5% of their final spatial locations at 10% convergence, and at 85% convergence, much of the cylinder and trailing separation and attachment lines showed probability expectation values of approximately 0.90 - 1.00. An Onera M6 wing simulation was used to investigate the belief tuples of the two separate shock waves at full convergence. Probability expectation values of approximately 0.90 - 1.00 were displayed within the two shock waves because they are strong shock waves and because they met the physical requirements of shock waves. A separation and attachment line belief tuple analysis was also performed on a delta wing simulation. The forward portions of these lines showed probability expectation values of approximately 0.90 - 1.00, but dropped to approximately 0.60 - 0.75 as a consequence of their respective vortices breaking down and losing their strength. Similar to shock waves, high probability expectation values meant the separation and attachment lines were strong and physically met separation and attachment line physics. The subjective logic process presented in this research was able to determine which shock waves and separation and attachment lines were most probable, making it easier to view and further investigate these important features.

Os problemas de empacotamento de itens irregulares são problemas de corte e empacotamento, nos quais peças irregulares de menor tamanho (que chamamos de itens) devem ser empacotados inteiramente em uma peça grande (que chamamos de placa), obedecendo a restrições de nãosobreposição e minimizando as dimensões da placa. Para garantir a não-sobreposição, fazemos uso de retas separadoras, quer dizer, retas que separam um item de outro. Apresentamos modelos de programação não-linear para problemas de empacotamentos de itens regulares e irregulares que rotacionam livremente. Os itens podem ser círculos, polígonos convexos e não-convexos. A principal vantagem dos modelos é a simplicidade, já que estes utilizam somente conceitos básicos de geometria. Usamos o algoritmo de programação não-linear IPOPT (um algoritmo de tipo de pontos interiores), que faz parte da COIN-OR, para a resolução dos problemas. Testes computacionais foram executados usando instâncias conhecidas da literatura e os resultados foram comparados com resultados apresentados na literatura, obtidos com outras metodologias que também usam rotações livre, mostrando que nossos modelos são competitivos. Propomos também o uso de parábolas separadoras para a verificação de não-sobreposição na modelagem do problema, o que pode trazer ganhos computacionais e melhor qualidade de soluções. / The irregular packing problems are cutting and packing problems, in which smaller irregular pieces (which we call items) should be packaged entirely in one large piece (which we call a plate), obeying non-overlapping constraints and minimizing the dimensions of the plate. To ensure non-overlapping, we make use of separation lines, that is, lines that separate one item from another. We present nonlinear programming models for problems of packing regular and irregular items that rotate freely. The items can be circles, convex and nonconvex polygons. The main advantage of the models is their simplicity, because they use only basic geometry concepts. We use the nonlinear programming algorithm IPOPT (an algorithm of interior points type), which is part of COIN-OR, to solve the problems. Computational tests were performed using known instances of the literature and the results were compared with results presented in the literature, obtained with other methodologies that also use free rotations, showing that our models are competitive. We also propose the use of separating parabola to avoid items overlaping in the models, which could provide greater computational eficiency as well as solutions with better quality.

Os problemas de empacotamento de itens irregulares são problemas de corte e empacotamento, nos quais peças irregulares de menor tamanho (que chamamos de itens) devem ser empacotados inteiramente em uma peça grande (que chamamos de placa), obedecendo a restrições de nãosobreposição e minimizando as dimensões da placa. Para garantir a não-sobreposição, fazemos uso de retas separadoras, quer dizer, retas que separam um item de outro. Apresentamos modelos de programação não-linear para problemas de empacotamentos de itens regulares e irregulares que rotacionam livremente. Os itens podem ser círculos, polígonos convexos e não-convexos. A principal vantagem dos modelos é a simplicidade, já que estes utilizam somente conceitos básicos de geometria. Usamos o algoritmo de programação não-linear IPOPT (um algoritmo de tipo de pontos interiores), que faz parte da COIN-OR, para a resolução dos problemas. Testes computacionais foram executados usando instâncias conhecidas da literatura e os resultados foram comparados com resultados apresentados na literatura, obtidos com outras metodologias que também usam rotações livre, mostrando que nossos modelos são competitivos. Propomos também o uso de parábolas separadoras para a verificação de não-sobreposição na modelagem do problema, o que pode trazer ganhos computacionais e melhor qualidade de soluções. / The irregular packing problems are cutting and packing problems, in which smaller irregular pieces (which we call items) should be packaged entirely in one large piece (which we call a plate), obeying non-overlapping constraints and minimizing the dimensions of the plate. To ensure non-overlapping, we make use of separation lines, that is, lines that separate one item from another. We present nonlinear programming models for problems of packing regular and irregular items that rotate freely. The items can be circles, convex and nonconvex polygons. The main advantage of the models is their simplicity, because they use only basic geometry concepts. We use the nonlinear programming algorithm IPOPT (an algorithm of interior points type), which is part of COIN-OR, to solve the problems. Computational tests were performed using known instances of the literature and the results were compared with results presented in the literature, obtained with other methodologies that also use free rotations, showing that our models are competitive. We also propose the use of separating parabola to avoid items overlaping in the models, which could provide greater computational eficiency as well as solutions with better quality.