Objective - to assess possibilities and specific characteristics of pediatric cardiology in treatment of congenital heart diseases (CHD), to evaluate efficacy of curative per-catheter procedures by means of analysis of immediate and long-term results. Retrospective study. The data of 422 patients who underwent 467 CHD palliative-curative procedures during the period since 1971 till 2007 were analyzed. It was postulated that balloon atrial septostomy resulted in statistically significant increase of atrial septal defect, increase of arterial blood oxygen saturation and decrease of interatrial preasure gradient (PG). Balloon pulmonary valvulotomy (BPV) is one of the most common curative procedures; this procedure has an effect of marked decrease of pressure gradient between the right ventricle and right atrium; development of pulmonary artery valve insufficiency is the most common complication of this procedure. The long - term results of BPV are less positive when higher PG prior the procedure is present and residual PG after the procedure is 36mmHg and higher. It was postulated, that closure of small (less than 3 mm) persistent ductus arteriosus using Cook coils may compete with surgical treatment successfully. It was stated, that the efficacy of balloon angioplasties of aorta, caval veins and pulmonary artery branches is transient; treatment using stents is more effective. It was postulated, that closure of congenital and postsurgical anomalies connections using coils is... [to full text] / Disertacijos objektas yra nustatyti intervencinės pediatrinės kardiologijos galimybes ir ypatumus, gydant įgimtas širdies ydas (ĮŠY), įvertinti gydomųjų perkateterinių procedūrų efektingumą, remiantis ankstyvųjų ir vėlyvųjų rezultatų analize. Tai retrospektyvus tyrimas. Analizuoti 422 ligonių duomenys, kuriems 1971 - 2007 m. buvo atliekamos 467 įgimtų širdies ydų paliatyvinės - gydomosios procedūros. Nustatyta, kad po balioninės tarpprieširdinės pertvaros septostomijos, statistiškai reikšmingai padidėja prieširdžių pertvaros defektas, didėja arterinio kraujo įsotinimas deguonimi ir mažėja spaudimų skirtumas (SS) tarp prieširdžių. Balioninė plaučių arterijos valvuloplastika (BPV) yra viena iš dažniausiai taikomų gydomųjų procedūrų, jos efektas – ryškus SS tarp dešiniojo skilvelio ir plaučių arterijos (PA) sumažėjimas, o pagrindinė komplikacija – PA vožtuvo nesandarumo vystymasis. BPV vėlyvieji rezultatai blogesni, kai yra didelis SS prieš procedūrą, o po procedūros liekamasis SS ≥ 36mmHg. Nustatyta, kad mažų iki 3mm AAL kimšimas Cook spiralėmis gali sėkmingai konkuruoti su operaciniu gydymu. Rasta, kad aortos, tuščiųjų venų ir plaučių arterijos šakų balioninės plastikos efektas trumpalaikis, o gydymas stentais daug sėkmingesnis. Nustatyta, kad anomalinių įgimtų ir pooperacinių kraujagyslinių jungčių užkimšimas spiralėmis yra saugus ir efektyvus gydymo metodas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carlosdemarchi_tese.pdf: 849020 bytes, checksum: f72fc171abbb042bef869d955b6fd632 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09-10 / Objective: Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) is a life-saving palliative procedure for some congenital heart defects and typically performed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The aim of this study was to evaluate BAS under echocardiographic guidance. Method: From August 1997 through January 2004, 31 children with congenital heart defects with indication of ASB were submitted to the procedure under exclusive echocardiographic guidance. Success was admitted the obtaining of atrial septal defect (ASD) with size of four millimeters (mm) or greater and torn septal tissue flapping freely. Results: Male infants predominated (83.9%). Median age was 5 days (1 - 150) and median weight was 3300g (1800 - 7500). Transposition of the Great Arteries was present in 80.6%, Tricuspid Atresia in 12.9%, Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in 3.2% and Pulmonary Atresia with intact ventricular septum in 3.2%. The procedure was successful in all cases. ASD size increased from 1.8 ± 0.8 mm to 5.8 ± 1.3 mm (P<0.0001) and arterial oxygen saturation increased from 64.5 ± 18.9% to 85.1 ± 9.2% (P<0.0001). As complications occured three balloon ruptures, one tear of right femoral vein, one case of supraventricular tachycardia and one case of atrial flutter. Conclusion: BAS under echocardiographic guidance is a safe and effective method. It can be performed at the bedside, identifies the catheter location avoiding serious complications and evaluates the immediate result of the procedure. / Atnosseptostomia com balão (ASB) é procedimento de grande valor no tratamento de cardiopatias congênitas e monitorado tradicionalmente por radioscopia. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ASB monitorada pela ecocardiografia. Casuística e Método: Entre agosto de 1997 e janeiro de 2004, 31 crianças foram submetidas à ASB sob monitoração ecocardiográfica exclusiva. Admitiu-se sucesso a obtenção de comunicação interatrial (CIA) com diâmetro igual ou maior que quatro milímetros (mm) e com ampla mobilidade das suas margens. Dados coletados: diâmetro da CIA e saturação arterial de oxigênio (SAT) iniciais e finais e número de trações do cateter balão. Resultados: Sexo masculino predominou (83,9%). A idade mediana foi de 5 dias (1-150) e o peso teve mediana de 3300g (1800-7500). Transposição das Grandes Artérias ocorreu em 80,6%, Atresia Tricúspide em 12,9%, Drenagem Anômala Total de Veias Pulmonares em 3,2% e Atresia Pulmonar com septo Integro em 3,2%. Sucesso foi obtido em todos os casos. O tamanho da CIA aumentou de 1,8 0,8 mm para 5,8 1,3 mm (p <0,0001) e a SAT aumentou de 64,5 18,9 % para 85,1 9,2 % (p < 0,0001). Complicações ocorridas: três rupturas de balão, uma lesão de veia femoral direita, uma taquicardia supraventricular e um flutter atnal. Conclusões: ASB monitorada pela ecocardiografia é método seguro e eficaz. Possibilita a realização do procedimento à beira do leito evitando o transporte da criança, identifica o posicionamento do cateter reduzindo complicações graves e avalia o resultado imediato do procedimento.