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Diss. Växjö : Växjö uniersitet, 2007.

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The anonymity of shareholders and non-transparent ownership structures of joint stock companies belongs to the most discussed issues of these days in terms of corporate law. The significant changes in relevant legislation and unresolved questions of the anonymity of shareholders are the reason I decided to focus on this topic. The main purpose of my thesis is to analyze the anonymity of shareholders and conditions of their identification, primarily regarding the recent recodification of the Czech civil law and the legislation being prepared not only in the Czech Republic but also at EU-level. The thesis is composed of six chapters. Chapter One is introductory and deals with the history of the anonymity of shareholders and their identification within the Czech territory. Chapter two is concerned with the problems that resulted from enacting the Bearer Share Abolition Act. Next two Chapters concentrate on current Czech legislation regulating the anonymity of shareholders and conditions of their identification, represented in particular by the Business Corporation Act and other relevant statues. These chapters are subdivided into several parts which thematically deal with the anonymity based on the form of shares, information publicized in the Commercial Register or the conception of a trust; it also...

This thesis deals with degree of effective anonymity of shareholders in a public limited company and with possible ways of its limiting. It is also concerned with manners of identification of shareholders for purpose of exercise of their shareholder rights, as well as for uncovering shareholder structure of a public limited company is specific cases, provided by law. The aim of the thesis is to explain and analyze the legislation de lege lata, particularly with regards to recodification of private law and to other upcoming enactments of both private and public law. The topic was chosen by the author also with intent to professionally explain this issue which has not been dealt with comprehensively in academic papers. The topic has been elaborated particularly by analyzing individual legal concepts relating to anonymity and identification of shareholders; a historical method is used in the introduction dedicated to historical roots of anonymity of shareholders, too. The introduction contains characteristics of public limited company, including definition of shares, and sets the traditional concept of shareholder's anonymity in the historical context. The main part of the thesis is focused on analysis of individual provisions of the Commercial Code from the perspective of degree of shareholder's...

The capital maintenance doctrine presupposes that a company’s capital must not be returned to its shareholders. The doctrine was anchored on three rules, one of which was that a company cannot acquire its own shares as this amounted to a diversion of capital to the shareholders whose shares were acquired. This rule was partly rationalized as protecting the interests of shareholders. In South Africa the rule was embodied in s 85 of the Companies Act 61 of 1973. However, it was amended by s 9 of the subsequent Companies Amendment Act 37 of 1999 to provide that a company can acquire its own shares if certain substantive and procedural requirements were satisfied. Upon the enactment of Companies Act 71 of 2008, the requirements have not been substantially altered. They are partly geared towards protecting shareholders by ensuring that shareholders are treated equally and fairly. Moreover, the Johannesburg Securities Exchange Limited (hence the JSE Limited) was empowered by the Companies Act 61 of 1973 to promulgate requirements to be met when a company wishes to acquire its own shares. The Companies Act 71 of 2008 does not in express terms empower the JSE Limited to develop requirements to be met when a company wishes to acquire its own shares. However, the Act expressly requires that a listed company wishing to acquire its own shares must also comply with the requirements of the relevant exchange. Such requirements can therefore be deemed to subsist even amidst the new Act as an internal regulation of the JSE Limited. The said requirements are also partly aimed at protecting shareholders, largely by ensuring that adequate information is availed to shareholders to empower them to make informed decisions. / Private Law / (LL.M. (Company Law))

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Prašymas iškelti bankroto bylą yra ne tik prašymas pripažinti teisę, bet ir taikyti skolininkui priemonių, susijusių su įmonės gelbėjimu, visumą ir proporcingai patenkinti visų įmonės kreditorių reikalavimus, susijusius išimtinai su įmonės skolininkės turtu. Nors įstatymų leidėjas siekia apginti daugiausiai kreditoriaus interesus, tačiau labai svarbu ir įmonės skolininkės akcininkų teisės. Tyrimo metu buvo išskirta, kad akcininkai turi tiek turtines, tiek neturtines teises, kuriomis jie gali disponuoti įstatymų ribose, tačiau bankroto metu akcininkai išlaiko tik teisę gauti likviduojamos bendrovės turto dalį, jei bendrovė būtų likviduojama. Lietuvos Respublikos įmonių bankroto įstatyme nustatytos ir kitos teisės, kurias bendrovės akcininkai įgyja nuo bankroto procedūrų pradžios: 1) teikti paaiškinimus; 2) siūlyti pradėti įmonei neteisminę bankroto procedūrą; 3) sudaryti sandorius, susijusius su įmonės restruktūrizavimu; 4) sudaryti taikos sutartį. Teisių gynimo būdai nustatyti įstatymuose. CK nustato teisių gynimą teismo keliu ir savigyną. ĮBĮ galima išskirti teisę sudaryti taikos sutartį, sudaryti sandorius dėl įmonės restruktūrizavimo, taip pat su ieškiniu kreiptis į teismą tiek dėl bankroto bylos pradėjimo, tiek dėl žalos, padarytos įmonei, priteisimo kaip akcininkų teisių gynimo būdai. Pažymėtina, kad akcininkų teisės bankroto procese ginamos menkai, dažnai jos tinkamai neįgyvendinamos ar visai neįgyvendinamos dėl jų menko reglamentavimo, susiklosčiusios teismų praktikos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / A claim concerning the initiation of bankruptcy proceedings is not only an application to recognize the right but also to apply the entirety of measures that are intended to the salvation of the company in order to proportionally satisfy the requirements of the creditors related exclusively to the assets of the company debtor. Notwithstanding to the aim of the legislative body to protect the interests of creditors, the rights of the shareholders of the company debtor is of no less importance. However such rights are lesser discussed topic. The study revealed that the shareholders have property and non-property rights that may be exercised in compliance with legislation. In case of initiation of the bankruptcy proceedings with a court, the shareholders retain their rights, however their property rights as well as no-property rights are limited to the benefit of the creditors. The study revealed that during bankruptcy procedure the shareholders retain just one right provided for by the Law on Companies of the Republic of Lithuania, namely: to receive a part of assets of the company under liquidation, in case of the liquidation of the company. The Law on Enterprise Bankruptcy of the Republic of Lithuania provides for the following rights acquired by the shareholders of the company from the beginning of the bankruptcy procedures:1) to file explanations; 2) to make a proposal to the company to start non-judicial bankruptcy proceedings 3) to enter into agreements related to the... [to full text]