The thesis focuses on the quantification of selected demographic aspects that affect aging of the population in Czech Republic. Thesis compares and specifies regional differences in natality, mortality, marriage rate and divorce rate. Theoretical part focuses on the analysis of the theoretical background of specialized literature, which constitutes the basis implementation of the practical part in the form of demographic research. For practical part were used secondary data from publicly available database ČSÚ. From statistic methods were used regression analysis, cluster analysis and extrapolation of time series. Regression analysis showed influence of the selected indicators for aging population of Czech republic. Aim of the cluster analysis was grouped 14 regions into clusters based on similarities and diferences. Part of the results was prediction of mortality and natality indicators, marriage rates, divorce rates and aging index in the five years period to 2020.

The aim of this thesis was sociodemographic analysis of administrative district ORP Bučovice in the period 2005-2015. The first part of this thesis was dealt with description of the demographic analysis and demographic indicators. The second part devoted to the characteristics of the administrative district, civic amenities, further there were analysis of the pointers like natality, abortion, mortality, marriage, divorce rate and the migration. For these indicators, the development trend was projected for 2018 with the help of trending function. The analysis has shown that there is demographic aging in the administrative district and there is also a higher level of education of these population. At the conclusion of this thesis, a cluster analysis was carried out of all municipalities in the administrative district, which divided the municipalities into the clusters.

This thesis focuses on impacts of expenditures on construction of infrastracture, distribution networks of elektricity, gas, fresh water and construction of sewerage and also expenditures on education and healthcare on economical development of federal states of Brazil in time period 1985-2013. The thesis uses OLS methods, cluster analysis and panel analysis. Results of expenditures showed that spendings conected with healhcare and education had positive econimical impact in all observed states of brazilian federation. On the other hand expenditures spent on construction od infrastracrure and enginnering networks had positive economical impact only in case of poor, undeveloped federal units in northern, central and northeast regions of Brazil.

This thesis deals with the topic of value and value orientations in the society. The first part of the thesis is the introduction to the issue of values from sociological perspective, and to issue of empirical measurement of values as well. Subsequently the thesis core is own empirical analysis of the data from Aktér surveys, which were carried out in the Czech Republic in 2005, 2007 and 2012. The research intention was to create typology of respondents on the basis of their various value orientations. For this purpose, a battery of questions was used, which was repeatedly asked in the questionnaires in the Aktér surveys. This set of items measured values and life strategies of respondents on the five-point scales. Multidimensional statistical techniques, such as explorative factor analysis and cluster analysis, were employed to the typology-making process. The outcome of this thesis is the presentation of created respondent types (clusters), their identification on the basis of sociodemographic variables and the indication of the typology transformation in the process of time.

The main goal of this thesis is to test the possibility of forward and backward segmentation on the single-family housing market, to reveal, describe and develop a profile of segments and to suggest marketing recommendations. Data from primary research is encoded in MS Excel and processed in the statistical analysis program SPSS Statistics 19 for Windows. The output of the thesis reveals three forward segments and three backward segments of the market. Based on certain specifics shown by each of the monitored segments, I suggested numerous marketing recommendations.

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the financial health of a selected group of compa-nies from the construction sector in 2014. The evaluation was conducted on a sample of 500 companies. This sample was initially evaluated through selected bankruptcy models. Followed by a comprehensive evaluation of the sample with using the factor and cluster analysis. Its out-come was the distribution of a sample of companies in the recommended number of clusters on the basis of similarities. For individual clusters of firms they were then created their character-istics and their assistance as well as an overall assessment of a sample of companies.

This thesis aims to describe the theoretical principles of customer segmentation using modern methods of cluster analysis and their practical verification in a commercial environment of utility company. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the principles of clustering analysis using K-means algorithm and hierarchical clustering algorithms. The SW support chapter deals with the possibilities of R, Rapid Miner and KXEN software tools. For the purpose of data processing the theoretical part describes SEMMA, 5A and CRISP methodologies. The practical part is focused on the analysis of homogeneity/heterogeneity of the energy market in the household segment in the utility company EON. Using data from company´s customer system, available external data and programming language R a hierarchical cluster analysis is processed. Through the analysis of gained clusters there are identified the main characteristics of particular clusters which are consequently examined from marketing usage perspectives.

One of the methods for collecting data in psychology is a method of semantic differential. The using of semantic differential is very large, this method is widely used in personality research, clinical psychology, market psychology and marketing. In recent years, this method has begun to apply to the area of educational research, above all educational psychology. A basic problem with wide using is the huge volume of data obtained by this method. Some of the options of setting up of a questionnaire with light to the selection of bipolar adjectives are listed in the thesis. The options represent the evaluation dimension, the dimension of activity and potency in terms of both representativeness and relevance. A set of tools for automatized generation of various combinations of questionnaire groups was created. A technical support of data collection, their evaluation and visualization using semantic differential method was also created. These methods will be used in realization of the project of introducing teaching of mathematic in English language at primary schools. The primary goal of this level of analysis is to judge to what extent can two terms (or more terms), generally regarded as semantically similar or different.

Diploma thesis deals with the tax mix development in member states of the European Union. One of the EU goals is to harmonize tax system of individual member states to ensure better functioning of united market inside the European Union. Due to this reason changes in tax mixes of member states happen. The main aim of this thesis is to ascertain changes on the share of revenues of individual taxes on total tax revenue during the given time period in member states of the EU, to identify groups of similar states and try to explain the results using chosen economical indicators. A cluster analysis was used to analyse the development of Member states' tax mixes in 1995, 2002 and 2015. The cluster analysis resulted in a definition of groups of states where the composition of the tax mix is most similar. Using the variation coefficient, a change in the share of selected taxes in total tax revenue between 1995, 2002 and 2015 was subsequently described. Source data were taken from the Eurostat database. Analysis of variation coefficients did not confirm the convergence of tax mix across the European Union. Only after the breakdown of the Member States into the original 15 Member States and those that have joined the EU since 2004 convergence has emerged. But these trends are not so marked.

Tax administrations worldwide provide taxpayers with favour and offer them the opportunity to set up transfer pricing system according to pre-agreed criteria. When taxpayer´s system complies with, a tax administrator does not dispute the transaction. Any predefined arrangement leading to the recognition of transfer pricing system by the tax administrator can be defined as a safe harbour. It was found out during the review process of current sources, that there is no relevant research available focused on assessing the appropriateness of introducing safe harbour system for both businesses and government. At the same time, even the OECD does not work with data that would conclusively prove the impact of transfer pricing regulation on companies´ behaviour. For this reason, a research was conducted in this area with focus on the potential of safe harbour to affect tax contributions of enterprises. Financial data were rendered from Amadeus database. The impact of safe harbour system was observed on the time series development of taxation of particular cluster. Cluster analysis was selected as the most suitable method for grouping companies.