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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

TipificaÃÃo dos produtores e dos sistemas produtivos do Vale do Forquilha em Quixeramobim-Ce / Typification of the producers and the producers and systems of the Riacho Forquilha Valley, in Quixeramobim- CearÃ.

Willy Farias Albuquerque 05 September 2006 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Esse trabalho se propÃe a fazer uma tipificaÃÃo de produtores rurais com base na metodologia do diagnÃstico dos sistemas agrÃrios, considerando que o enquadramento atual realizada pelo Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF) à feito apenas com base na renda dos produtores. EntÃo, para realizar essa tipificaÃÃo serÃo levados em consideraÃÃo outras variÃveis de cunho qualitativo, sendo necessÃria ainda a realizaÃÃo de zoneamento agroecologico, entrevistas histÃricas e observaÃÃo da trajetÃria de acumulaÃÃo. Para efetuar esse trabalho, foi escolhido o vale do riacho Forquilha, no sertÃo central cearense, no MunicÃpio de Quixeramobim, onde tambÃm se encontra instalado o Projeto Pingo dâÃgua, importante arranjo produtivo local. Foram, entÃo, determinados quatro sistemas de produÃÃo fundamentais de acordo com as zonas agrocecologicas existentes no Vale, mas a partir alguns sistemas surgiram ramificaÃÃes em virtude da trajetÃria de acumulaÃÃo. Foi, entÃo, realizada a re-tipificaÃÃo dos produtores e sistemas de produÃÃo da localidade e, com base nas informaÃÃes levantadas, foi sugerida uma nova classificaÃÃo para que o crÃdito e a assistÃncia cheguem de fato a outros produtores que atà entÃo estariam fora de alcance. / The present study proposes a typification of rural producers based on the methodology of agrarian system diagnosis, considering that current framing carried by the National Program to the Family Farm Strengthening (PRONAF) is done based only on producersâ incomes. So, in order to design such typification, other qualitative variables will be considered, still with the need for agroecological zoning, historical interviews and observation of accumulation trajectory. To make this work possible, the Riacho Forquilha Valley, in Quixeramobim, in central backlands of Ceara, was chosen, where is also installed the Drop of water Project (Projeto Pingo DâÃgua), important local productive arrangement. Four primary production systems were determined according to existing agroecological zones in the valley, but, from some systems some branches were raised, due to the accumulation trajectory. The retypification of producers and systems of local production was done and, based on collected information it was suggested another classification in order to allow the credit and the assistance to effectively arrive to other producers who would be so far out of reach.
2

Indicadores da qualidade do solo em Sistemas AgrÃcolas anuais e perenes na Chapada do Apodi - CE / Indicators of the quality of the soil in annual and perennial agricultural systems of the Chapada do Apodi - CearÃ.

Jamili Silva Fialho 16 March 2005 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Este trabalho se propÃs a avaliar as alteraÃÃes nas atividades microbiana, quÃmica e fÃsica em solo sob sistemas agrÃcolas anuais e perenes na regiÃo da Chapada do Apodi - CE. Procurou-se testar a hipÃtese de que o uso agrÃcola de Ãreas sob sistemas anuais e perenes causam alteraÃÃes ambientais que influenciam a biomassa e a atividade microbiana do solo, reduzindo-a em relaÃÃo a Ãreas sob vegetaÃÃo natural. Foram selecionadas duas Ãreas com respectivas testemunhas (vegetaÃÃo natural); a primeira sob cultivo de bananeiras (Fazenda Frutacor) e a outra sob cultivo de rotaÃÃo milho e soja (Fazenda Faedo). Coletaram-se amostras compostas de solo em trÃs profundidades (0-5, 5-15 e 15-25 cm) com quatro repetiÃÃes. Nas amostras coletadas foram realizadas anÃlises fÃsicas, quÃmicas e microbiolÃgicas. Fisicamente, observou-se uma elevaÃÃo no teor de argila, com o aumento da profundidade na Ãrea cultivada com banana e na mata natural pivot. Em relaÃÃo aos atributos quÃmicos do solo, os riscos potenciais de salinidade e de saturaÃÃo por sÃdio aparentemente sÃo desprezÃveis. As prÃticas de manejo reduziram o N e o carbono orgÃnico total nos solos das Ãreas sob cultivo. Quanto à microbiologia dos solos, o carbono da biomassa microbiana e a populaÃÃo de fungos micorrÃzicos arbusculares foram mais elevados na profundidade de 0-5cm do solo. A respiraÃÃo basal do solo mostrou que os solos das Ãreas avaliadas tÃm baixa atividade microbiana quando comparados a solos do Cerrado. A atividade e produÃÃo da arilsulfatase e da fosfatase Ãcida foram estimuladas possivelmente, pela competiÃÃo dos Ãnions H2PO4 - e SO4 - pelos mesmos sÃtios de adsorÃÃo nos colÃides do solo, nas Ãreas de banana e rotaÃÃo milho e soja. A maior atividade da enzima β-glucosidase ocorreu nas Ãreas cultivadas, influenciada pela quantidade e qualidade do resÃduo vegetal retornado ao solo. / This work had the proposed to evaluate the alterations in the microbial activities, chemistry and physics in soil under annual and perennial agricultural systems in the area of the Chapada do Apodi - CE. It tried to test the hypothesis that the agricultural use of areas under annual and perennial systems causes environmental alterations that they influence the biomass and the microbial activity of the soil, reducing it in relation to areas under natural vegetation. Two areas were selected with respective witness (natural vegetation); the first under cultivation of banana trees (Fazenda Frutacor) and the other under cultivation of rotation corn and soy (Fazenda Faedo). Samples composed of soil were collected in three depths (0-5, 5-15 and 15-25 cm) with four repetitions. In the collected samples physical analyses, chemistries and microbiological were accomplished. Physically, an elevation was observed in the clay text, with the increase of the depth in the area cultivated with banana and in the forest natural pivot. In relation to the chemical attributes of the soil, the potential risks of salinity and of saturation for sodium seemingly are worthless. The handling practices reduced N and the total organic carbon in the soils of the areas under cultivation. With relationship to the microbiology of the soils, the carbon of the microbial biomass and the population of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were more elevated in the depth of 0-5cm of the soil. The basal breathing of the soil identified that the soils of the appraised areas have microbial when compared low activity the soils of the Cerrado. The activity and production of the arylsulphatase and of the acid phosphatase were stimulated possibly, for the competition of the anions H2PO4- and SO4- for the same ranches of adsorption in the coloides of the soil, in the banana areas and rotation corn and soy. The largest activity of the enzyme β-glucosidase happened in the cultivated areas, influenced by the amount and quality of the vegetable residue come back to the soil.

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