Thesis (Ph. D.)--Pennsylvania State University, 2004.

Thesis (doctoral)--Åbo akademi, 1757. / At head of title: I.J.N. Reproduction of original from Kress Library of Business and Economics, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 09235.0.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1980. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-135).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2005. / Bibliography: leaves 315-326.

No description available.

Abstract Slate and shale are not usually considered as building stone for the construction of entire buildings in the vernacular farm architecture of the area north of the Vaal River (historically known as the Transvaal). Sandstone and granite as principal building stone types were more common. Slate and shale are two different stone types but due to their similar layered structure they are often used together in the construction of the same wall. Current research has revealed that slate and shale did play a significantbutselectiveroleinvernacularbuildingtechnologyintheregion.Slatewasusedforfinishing and solving specificproblemsinfolkbuildingtechnology.Oneofthereasonswhythesestonetypes were less popular as building material is the isolated occurrences of outcrops in the region. Sandstone and granite are more common and readily available. The few buildings constructed with slate and shale had a unique character reflectedinthewalltexturewhenthestoneislaidflat.Becausethe stone is released from its rock bed in thin plates with an almost completely flatsurfaceonbothsides, it is usually laid flatandneedslittlemortartosecureastablewall.Thispaperintroducesratherthan analyses the use of these materials in the vernacular architecture of the former Transvaal region.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

The wave of working-class radicalism that swept across France at the turn of the twentieth century has largely been attributed by historians to the pressures of industrialization undermining traditional methods and organizations of labor. However, the Angers slate mining industry experienced a very stable production process from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries limited as much by the environment as by the economy. Working-class formation here instead must be understood in contradistinction to capitalist-class formation coming in response to those same economic and environment factors. The steady growth of an entrepreneurial class in the slate mines around Angers, France, took place within a legal and social framework that allowed mine investors to begin associating and identifying as a class distinct from their workers. It was against this capitalist-class formation that workers began organizing in order to preserve the social organizations and independence they had enjoyed in the pre-capitalist era.

Detailed mapping in the Ramseur, N.C. 7 1/2' quadrangle has shown that lithostratigraphic units of the Virgilina sequence, units 11 and 111 (Glover and Sinha, 1973) in the Roxboro-Durham, N. C. area can be extended into central North Carolina. The volcanic stratigraphy is composed of the Hyco, Aaron and Uwharrie Formations, all of which have been subjected to greenschist facies metamorphism. The oldest map unit, the Hyco Formation, consists of intermediate(?) lava flows, pyroclastic and volcaniclastic rocks. Deposition of these units was in a subaqueous environment although some units are indicative of transient subaerial conditions. The Aaron Formation is a volcanic epiclastic sequence composed of conglomerate, pebbly and feldspathic arenite with intercalated siltstone, argillite and vitric tuff. The arrangement of sedimentation packages in the Aaron Formation are analogous to those of a coarse grained retrogradational submarine fan sequence. In the western part of the map area the Uwharrie Formation unconformably overlies the Hyco Formation. The Uwharrie consists of a bimodal (felsic-mafic) sequence of lava flows, pyroclastic and volcaniclastic rocks, all of which were deposited in a subaqueous environment. Structural data indicates that the older units of the Hyco and Aaron Formations were folded (F₁) and faulted during the Virgilina deformation (D₁). The entire volcanic sequence of Hyco, Aaron and Uwharrie Formations was subsequently folded (F₂) and metamorphosed during the Taconic deformation (D₂). Associated with the Taconic event is the development of a pervasive spaced anastomosing cleavage (S₂) in the volcanic lithologies. Previous regional correlations preferred by Wright and Seiders (1980) are thought to be incorrect. It is proposed in this paper, as first suggested by Glover (1974), that an angular unconformity separates the older volcanic strata of the Virgilina sequence from the younger units of the central N.C. sequence. The presence of an unconformity is indicated by 1) the truncation of lithologies comprising the Hyco Formation at the contact between the Hyco and Uwharrie Formations, 2) the deviation of macroscopic fold trends from the Hyco and Aaron Formations to the adjacent Uwharrie Formation and 3) the intrusion of felsic dikes equivalent to those comprising the Uwharrie Formation, which crosscut the older units and structures of the Virgilina sequence. The Virgilina deformation is probably correlative in time with the Late Precambrian Monian, Cadomian and Pan-African orogenies which effect similar age volcanic terranes like the older Carolina slate belt. In this study it is proposed that the name Virgilina deformation should have precedence over the term Avalonian event, because of the relation of the former 'to compressional tectonics versus the extensional tectonism prevalent in the latter. The Virgilina deformation may be attributed to active plate margin tectonics associated with a former volcanic arc. / Master of Science

The aim of this thesis is to contribute to knowledge in the form of a new theory for supply chain strategy formulation. The objective is to design evaluation criteria, specific to the context of greenfield project architecture and integration design. This study addressed the aim and objective by synthesising existing methods and techniques which are outlined into a research framework of supply chain strategy problems. The study applied the case study and action research methods to pursue conceptual validity from the process of investigating the supply chain strategy formulation in a specific situation and presented the data collection and analysis process. The thesis derived a conceptual framework for investigating and identifying the relationship between multiple elements, dimensions, forces and factors that influence and affect supply chain strategy formulation in a greenfield project context, specific to the mining industry. The contribution to knowledge emerged from building upon the architecture of the conceptual framework, through synthesising existing techniques and adapting these techniques, to extend and redefine the existing knowledge on the practice of supply chain strategy formulation. Through critical analysis, a number of critical problems emerged and the process of addressing these problems, resulted with a new framework for evaluating the relationship between business and supply chain strategy, specific to greenfield project and integration context. The contribution to knowledge also derived from addressing the emerging obstacles in the process of identifying, defining and formulating, the visions and goals of individual supply chain participants from implicit into an explicit form. The process synthesised the knowledge for conceptualising the idea, through developing and evaluating information and issues, to derive insights into the complex and abstract concept, of greenfield project business and supply chain strategy formulation. The conceptual framework and evaluation framework advanced into designing greenfield project supply chain integration strategy. The process involved categorising individual supply chain strategic interests, decisions and problems into formulation areas, and was aimed at defining the process of greenfield project integration strategy as a system of concepts containing formulation areas, formulation principles, segregated into subcategories of formulation imperatives and formulation concepts. The thesis contributed to knowledge with advancement of the design engineering method, which enables visualisation of the supply chain strategy evaluation process. The design is not personalised for individual company business strategy or supply chain strategy formulation. The method was personalised to evaluate the integration of individual goals, and concepts in a supply chain strategy formulation. The novelty that emerged from the thesis was a conceptual framework for greenfield project architecture and integration design. The greenfield project architecture and design derived in the thesis a proposed conceptual system for applying the conceptual framework and the evaluation criteria.