Religion has a well-documented relationship with mental health benefits and has consistently demonstrated an impact on several specific mental health concerns, including suicide, generally finding various religious facets to be inversely associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. More specifically, religion has been found to be associated with suicide in a number of ways, including decreased acceptance of suicide, decreased likelihood of suicidal thoughts, decreased likelihood of suicidal attempts, fewer suicide attempts, lower relative risk of suicide, lower suicide rate, and increased reasons for living. Several studies have proposed potential mediators (e.g., social support, locus of control, and substance abuse) of the relationship between religion and mental health, usually in non-clinical samples. The current study sought to examine the association between religious attendance and suicidal ideation using archival data of a clinical sample collected from the University of North Texas Psychology Clinic. Results from this sample revealed no evidence of mediation, instead suggesting a direct effect of religious attendance on suicidal ideation. Two mediation models demonstrated the effects of external locus of control and social support on suicidal ideation. These models are discussed in terms of their directionality, considering the extant research on these associations. Findings of the current study have implications for welcoming the incorporation of salient religious topics throughout treatment in mental health settings, including discussion of religious attendance among those clients who have identified religion as a personal value.

The increasing popularity of the Online Social Networks (OSNs)\nomenclature{$OSNs$}{Online Social Networks} has made the OSNs major targets of spammers. They aim to illegally gather private information from users and spread spam to them. In this paper, we propose a new spam campaign that includes following key steps: creating fake accounts, picking legitimate accounts, forming friendships, earning trust, and spreading spam. The unique part in our spam campaign is the process of earning trust. By using social bots, we significantly lower the cost of earning trust and make it feasible in the real world. By spreading spam at a relatively low speed, we make the life span of our fake accounts much longer than in traditional spam campaigns. This means the trust we have earned can be used multiple times instead of only one time in traditional spam campaigns. We evaluate our spam campaign by comparing it with the traditional campaign, and the comparison shows that our spam campaign is less detectable and more efficient than the traditional campaign.

This study focuses on the social networks of probationers, who comprise the largest segment of the criminal justice population in the United States, but about whom there are few studies of network processes. It provides information on how elements of a probationer’s social network change over time and can affect drug use. This study employs longitudinal analysis of the social networks for 251 substance abusers on probation to examine how these networks are influenced by an intervention designed to increase pro-social behaviors and how network changes impact drug use. Baseline drug use of the probationers was examined according to the number of substances used in the last 6 months. Blacks were less likely to be polydrug users (aOR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.84), while those using cocaine or heroin as their primary drug of choice were more likely to be polydrug users (aOR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.32 to 6.94). Age at first illicit drug use was also significant, with those initiating drug use younger than 18 more likely to be polydrug users (aOR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.01 to 4.46).The majority of probationers had drug user networks with the same number of persons in them over the 12-month follow-up period (82.5%), and perceived social support that also did not change (76.1%). Men were less likely to change their drug user networks over time and older persons were less likely to have decreasing social support over time. Those with low drug use that have increasing (aOR= 5.08, 95% CI: 1.09 to 23.75) and decreasing (aOR= 6.45, 95% CI: 1.35 to 30.85) drug user networks over time were more likely to be in the lowest drug using group compared to those with stable larger drug user networks. Older persons were less likely to be in the drug use trajectory (aOR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.92 to 0.99), whereas those with high criminal risk were more likely to be in a stable drug use class compared to an increasing drug use class (aOR=2.52, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.64). The findings of this study indicate that changing the drug using networks of probationers may be difficult, given that most are stable over time and effective interventions to decrease substance use may need to target individual and structural factors, rather than social support and network composition. The finding that smaller networks that do change over time were associated with lower rates of drug use indicates that programs could also focus on mechanisms that determine how and why probationers choose drug using network members. Reducing drug using peers for corrections-involved populations may be difficult, but can lead to lower drug use rates which can also reduce recidivism.

The focus of the present study was to test through SEM the relationships between family influences (FI) and school influences (SI) on factors hypothesized to be associated with adolescent social interest: school belonging (SB), extracurricular participation (EP), and peer/romantic involvement (PRI). The final model consisted of FI and SI that contributed to the expression of adolescent social interest. FI included parental communication and parental caring. SI consisted of teacher fairness. SB consisted of a child's self-reported feelings of belonging at school, EP included self-reported involvement in sports or academic clubs, and PRI consisted of self-reported desire for romantic involvement or desire for participation with others. The proposed model suggested that FI contributed significantly to self-reported SB, EP, and PRI. Additionally, it was hypothesized that SI would contribute significantly to SB and EP, but not to PRI. The data used in the current study were part of an existing data set collected as part of the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health. The total sample size for the present study was 2,561 male and female adolescents aged 12-19 years. The data consisted of adolescent and parent self-report information. Results suggested a significant relationship between FI and self-reported SB and PRI. As expected, a significant relationship existed between SI and SB. Also as expected, no significant relationship existed between SI and PRI. Neither the relationship between FI and EP nor SI and EP were significant. When analyzed separately, a significant relationship existed between SB and PRI; however, no significant relationship was found between SB and EP. Results also indicated several of the fit indices, including the average off-diagonal absolute standardized residual, the comparative fit index (CFI), and the Bentler-Bonett non-normed fit index (BBNFI), were a low to moderate fit. However, the final model was highly skewed and the model chi-square and chi-square were both exceptionally high, indicating the model appeared to moderately fit the data, but the need for further refinement is clear.

This study tested the relationship between Social Support, Psychological Distress, and Illness Stress in individuals who report cancer as a health condition. This study was based on archival data obtained from the Wave 1 of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The HRS provides a nationally representative sample of individuals aged 51 to 61 in 1992 and their spouses. The study sample was limited to cancer patients with a spouse or partner (n = 503). A structural equation modeling analysis procedure was used to test the theoretical models. Measures of social support were limited to variables assessing the participant's satisfaction with social support. Evidence was found for the Stress Prevention and the Support Deterioration models. This is congruent with previous research using measures of social support perception. Both the Stress Prevention and the Support Deterioration models predict a negative relationship between Illness Stress and Social Support. In addition, a univariate analysis of variance was used to test the stress buffering model. Similarly to other studies measuring the individual's degree of integration, or its perception, in the social network, the present research supported the only the Main Effect model and not the Stress Buffering model.

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of social networks in a role of source for print and online media. Quantitative content analysis was conducted to prove whether Czech daily newspaper and their online non-subscription news platforms use social networks as a source of information for national news. In a whole ten media outlets were examined, five dailies with national coverage and five related online news platforms. Several highly exposed events in date range of August 2010 - June 2012 were identified and their media coverage was analysed in selected media during the research.

TITLE: Primary and Secondary School trainee teachers' approaches to and experience of computer- based social networks AUTHOR: Bc. Michaela Tomková DEPARTMENT: Department of information technology and technical education SUPERVISOR: doc. RNDr. Miroslava Černochová, CSc. ABSTRACT: The diploma thesis is dealing with online social networks, its functions and possible usage in education. The purpose of diploma thesis is to analyze these particular functions and their possibilities of usage in education process and also map the situation around experience and ideas of Primary and Secondary School trainee teachers in their personal lives and also for their next profession as teachers. The objectives of the thesis were fulfilled using theoretical and empirical research methods. The theoretical methods contained study and analysis of scientific literature, articles and study of results of theme related foreign experiments. The empirical research methods subsumed questionnaire and interview. In the end there is the conclusion of the thesis evaluation and summary of the explorative research results and formulated research findings. KEYWORDS: School trainee teachers, education, online social network

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Topic: Trends marketing on social networks and their use in sport Objectives: The main objective is Diploma thesis is a study of current trends in marketing on social networks toward use in sports. Methods: In thesis were analyzed current trends in marketing on social networks with application to sport and used to analyze methods of monitoring, observation. Further, it was in sports topic also used semi structured interview with the PR managers of sports organizations and a questionnaire survey among people related to sport. Results: The result of this Diploma thesis is a conceived predictions and recommendations marketing trends on social networks for sport. Key words: Interview, marketing, marketing trends, social networks, sport marketing.

This thesis titled Blog as a phenomenon of online journalism focuses on public perception of blogs, printed media and online versions of printed media. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters, which deal with online journalism, blogs and its history, new media and the last chapter is about possible journalism future. The practical part of my thesis is based on quantitative analysis and qualitative research. The quantitative research applies surveys as a data gathering method with randomly chosen sample of respondents. The qualitative research uses in-depth interviews conducted with students studying New media or Journalism degrees at the Charles University. In the empirical part of my thesis, the study sets out three key hypotheses. After the interpretation of both research methods we found out that women of age 25 or lower prefer to read blogs rather than magazines about beauty. The second hypothesis states that the most trustworthy media type perceived by women is the press. This hypothesis has been proven as well. Furthermore, the results from the survey indicated that a price is not the most important factor for choosing the media type. However, it still belongs among the three most important factors that respondents base their decision on when choosing a media type. Lastly the...