The RAND Chronology of International Terrorism for 1987 is used to demonstrate the linkage between terrorism and world system theory (WST). Structural and economic terrorism are analyzed based on Fanon's historical theory of violence. WST is employed to examine international terrorism contextually (in three different case studies of U.S., U.S.S.R. and Cameroon) and to analyze how world system (WS) distribution of power determines the definition and labeling of terrorism. The study reveals that oppression engenders terrorism in the WS. As a theoretical tool WST is employed to study how patterns of violence and resistance are created by colonial policies practiced by core nations upon semiperiphery and peripheral nations and how the WS itself is responsible for creating structural terrorism. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 54-08, Section: A, page: 3216. / Major Professor: Michael J. Lynch. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1993.

Current measures of Third World development focus on limited aspects of the development process. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a measure of production output, has been used to categorize levels of development and human welfare. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure of three or four indicators. Both measures have been criticized, the GDP, as being too unidimensional, and the HDI as being atheoretical and overly simplistic. The problem is that neither measure gives an indication of the extensive processes which Third World nations must undergo to achieve desired developmental outcomes. / The central aim of this research is to derive a conceptual framework that leads to a set of indicators which maps the process of development for the Commonwealth Caribbean nation of Barbados. I also examine how well that framework and related indicators correspond to major social scientific theoretical frameworks and indicators of development; and I assess the extent to which the process indicators I identify are related to the HDI. / Using indicators suggested by three major social scientific frameworks, and temporally moving correlation and covariance analysis applied to time-series data, I assess the process of development between 1960 and 1990. / I find several variables, representing parts of each of the frameworks, trace correlates of development. I also find the highest internal validity among indicators from the human welfare framework and lowest level of internal validity for indicators from the modernization framework. / I conclude that both input and output indicators are key to the development process. In addition, I show that while the HDI is a limited set of output measures that mark a particular stage of development, there is a wider set of key indicators which maps the development process and consists of both input and output indicators. This synthetic framework and its related indicators are advanced as a model for comprehending the process of development in Barbados, and as a potential model for understanding the developmental process in other countries. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-12, Section: A, page: 4973. / Major Professor: Charles B. Nam. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1995.

The first part of this study investigates the history of the Fuke sect and the development of the shakuhachi from its origins to the abolition and revival of the sect; the remaining chapters deal with the Tozan-ryu. Translations of all the different extant versions of the Keicho No Okitegaki, a statute which regulated the special privileges accorded to the komuso (mendicant priests) by the Tokugawa authorities, are given and discussed. To the author's knowledge, these documents have not yet been translated into English. / Pertinent data have been collected that sustain the hypothesis that Tozan-ryu is the result of a transformation of style due to new artistic and economic changes as well as cultural shifts that developed in Japan shortly after World War II. The dissertation also presents a comparative study of the Fuke tradition and the Tozan-ryu. / Although the Tozan-ryu developed out of a strong socio-religious heritage, it was also based on a new concept prevailing in early twentieth-century Japan. The combination of an artistic process of secularism, a Western educational influence and a new economic stimulus were the three major factors of this transformation. / The treatment of miyako-bushi (the in (dark) mode), the basic scale of Japanese secular music, is examined in the context of Nakao Tozan's early works. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 51-11, Section: A, page: 3556. / Major Professor: Dale A. Olsen. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1990.

This study examined whether students' actual opinions of traditional and modern roles for males and females in the school system was consistent with the policy of sex equity of the Ministry of Education in Iraq. / More specifically, the study sought to determine the extent to which sex, age, family income, father's education, and mother's education affected students' attitudes toward male and female roles in the family, education, and occupations. / The sample size was 720 subjects. A questionnaire was used to measure students' sex-role flexibility in relation to sex-role stereotype about occupations, home jobs, school jobs, work and family, education, and friends. / The data were analyzed by analysis of variance in addition to descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution. / The study results indicated the following: (1) Sex and age had significant effect on all the variables. (2) Socioeconomic status of the family had no significant effect on students' attitudes toward occupation, home jobs, school jobs, and work and family, but it had a significant effect on students' attitudes toward education and friends. (3) Fathers' educational levels had no significant effect on students' attitudes toward occupation, home jobs, and school jobs, but it had a significant effect on work and family, education, and friends. (4) Mothers' educational levels had no significant effect on students' attitude toward occupations and home jobs, but they had a significant effect on work and family role, education and friends. / The findings of this study support part of the previous research on sex-role stereotype in three domains--education, family role, and occupations--in both Arab and non-Arab countries. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 51-12, Section: A, page: 4082. / Major Professor: Byron G. Massialas. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1990.

acase@tulane.edu

In this dissertation I explore how North Korea's anti-American state power has operated in individuals' everyday practices by focusing on its militant nationalism. The Western image of "Stalinist" North Korea has been of an autocratic, all-powerful totalitarian state inexorably imposing its harsh will upon its subjects. However, existing studies have neglected an aspect of North Korea's nationalist power that has been neither necessarily top-down nor violent, but rather productive and diffusive in people's everyday lives. While the regime's anti-American mobilization has come from above, people's politics of hatred, patriotism, and emotion have been reproduced from below. Along this line, I examine how the state's militant nationalism was legitimated by people's solid micro-fascism from the 1950s through the 1980s, and how it has been contested and recreated through both change and persistence in people's micro-fascism from the 1990s through the present.

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences between 5th to 8th grade youth who stayed enrolled and those youth who dropped out of the Pima County Extension 4-H Youth Development Program. Youth who dropped out were surveyed with the National 4-H Impact Assessment Survey. The survey examined eight critical elements of positive youth development and asked the additional question why they dropped out. The research questions sought to find if there was a difference between 5 th to 8th grade youth who stayed enrolled and those who dropped out of the Pima County 4-H Youth Development Program. What perceptual differences were there between the genders and between the groups, stayed enrolled and dropped out? Were there differences amongst the grade levels of this study? The theoretical foundation for this research study centered on Erikson's psychosocial stage theory and crises, Vygotsky's theory of the zone of proximal development, and Gilligan's theory on gender development. It was found that there were differences between grade level, gender, and group (those who stayed enrolled versus those who dropped out). Amongst female respondents, significant factors were "Feelings about 4-H", "Learning in 4-H", "Helping Others", "Planning and Decision-Making in 4-H", and "Belonging in 4-H". For male respondents, there were no conclusive patterns for the factors between the two groups. Significant factors for grade level were: "Adults in 4-H", "Learning in 4-H", "Helping Others", and "Planning and Decision Making in 4-H". The significant factors for grade level were "Belonging in 4-H" nor "Feelings About 4-H".

Within contemporary views of attitude formation and change, two sources of influence are assumed to be available to the decision-maker when faced with making a behavioral decision. The first source represents information about consequences of engaging in the behavior and it is based on an individual's attitude. The second is based on normative information about the opinions held by others. Both attitudinal and normative influence can contribute to decision-outcomes, but there is little known about what factors impact the relative contribution of one over the other. In addition to individual level perceptions of a behavior, the context in which a decision is made also influences how individuals make behavioral decisions. The Structural Theory of Social Influence (SSI) proposes that network position, one of many contextual properties, explains how individuals weigh information from both attitudinal and normative sources (Friedkin, 1998). A multilevel test of this explanation is presented. Micro-level variables were based on individual level perceptions of attitude and subjective norm. A decision context was measured by social network analysis to create the macro-level variable of network position. This study focused on a decision context that was constructed of faculty and their behavioral intentions regarding a set of teaching behaviors. The results from a cross-level test (between the macro- and micro-level variables) suggest that network position does not explain variation attitudinal influence. These results are discussed in terms of the SSI and in how they inform diffusion processes. It is proposed that a theory of the balance between attitudinal and normative influence should include individual, behavioral, as well as structural level predictors of interpersonal influence.

The relationship between staff organizational commitment and staff perception of working alliances with youth in juvenile justice settings was investigated. Staff of the North American Family Institute (NAFI) were the subjects of this investigation. Meyer and Allen's (1991) model of organizational commitment with dimensions of affective, normative and continuance commitments was used to investigate staff organizational commitment as an independent variable impacting perceptions of working alliances between staff and youth in juvenile institutions. Horvath and Greenberg's (1994) Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) was used to measure staff perceptions of working alliance. A significant positive correlation was found between normative commitment and perceptions of working alliance using Pearson correlation statistics. Affective commitment and continuance commitment did not correlate significantly with staff perceptions of working alliance. Regression of normative, affective, and continuance commitment with the dependent variable of working alliance showed only normative commitment as significantly impacting working alliance. Age, gender and ethnicity were not found to be significantly correlated with staff perceptions of working alliances.

In this case study of an Anti-Sweatshop Group, on the campus of a university in the southwest, I present findings related to gender, the Internet and organizational structure and discuss these in connection with the group's mission, behaviors, activities and perceptions. This is an exploratory, qualitative case study that spanned nine-months of ethnographic field work. Through interviews, participation and observation of group meetings throughout a nine-month period, and analysis of over 1000+ listserve emails from that same period of time, I explored the lived experiences of a campus activist group and learned how they perceived gender issues, Internet usage and organizational structure.