Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1969. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 33-36). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1981. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-64). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1981. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-64).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1969. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 33-36).

Abstracts In this thesis, we presented a frugal product and methodology for customizing prosthetic socket for developing countries where an overwhelming number of prostheses are necessary, and the availability, accessibility and cost of prosthetics are significant concerns to limb deficient persons that without the assistance of a prosthetic device may not be able to function. In order to design a frugal prosthetic socket, a design methodology is sought that will best achieve an appropriately designed, low-cost, with simple production method. Through the study of modern design methodologies, a strategy is proposed that emphasizes the intersection of the mechanical design process (contemporary design tools), biomechanics, and low-cost design. Key components of this methodology are previous research and frugal innovation in the design process. Along with a review of the state of the art, provide the groundwork for both the proposed new methodology as well as generating a new concept of prosthetic socket. The result of this study, using the generated concept and simple methodology, a frugal prosthetic socket (FPS) is developed to demonstrate the basic functionality of the concept and manufacturability of the proposed method. Finally, Frugal Prosthetic Socket is found as a solution for the problems since it can reduce one heavy complex process for optimizing customization of the prosthetic socket and reduce 70 % of the cost of the prosthetic socket by using local material (rawhide), local manufacturing technique and implementing frugal innovation concept.

Prosthetic socket fitting is achieved by the prosthetist applying artisan techniques which are skill dependent and of subjective nature. This study investigates the use of finite element (FE) modelling techniques to predict the biomechanical behaviour at the residual limb/socket interface for the purpose of obtaining a quantitative evaluation of socket fit. Three dimensional FE models of the residual limb of trans-femoral amputees were generated based on geometrical data obtained using a mechanical digitizer and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques. The inter-segmental loadings at the amputee's hip during standing and walking were applied to the FE models. These were measured with the aid of force platforms and infrared cameras. The material characteristic is introduced to the FE models were obtained by testing the residual limb's soft tissue with a computer controlled mechanical indentor. The FE models were validated by comparing predicted and measured pressures at the inter face between the residual limb and the socket. The majority of the FE prediction erred within 70% of the measured values. Detailed internal geometry of two trans-femoral amputees' residual limb in its natural shape and wearing quadrilateral and ischial containment type sockets was studied using MR imaging techniques. At the ischial level, the maximum difference in cross sectional area between the muscles of the sound limb and the residual limb was approximately 62%. The difference in muscles' size can be attributed to muscle atrophy in the residual limb or an increase in the muscle bulk in the sound limb. At similar level, the cross sectional area of the rectus femoris in the residual limb was reduced by as much as 68% from its natural shape when wearing the quadrilateral socket. Based on the acquired MR images,a two dimensional FE model of a transverse section 30 mm below the ischium was modelled. The model incorporated the interface characteristics between the muscles and intermuscular tissues. The maximum stress was recorded inside the residual limb near muscles/intermuscular tissue interface and at muscles/bone interface. The FE models generated have shown the potential of predicting stresses and deformation at the residual limb.

Current literature focusing on the prosthetic socket is limited by measurement techniques and modeling assumptions, leading to a limited understanding of the forces and motions occurring between the residual limb and prosthesis and how they can be used to influence socket design and fitting. Prosthetic socket fitting and prescription would benefit from an elegant method for comparing socket designs. This dissertation focuses on the development and implementation of a 3D motion capture model and a Slip Detection Sensor to quantify rotations and translations at the prosthetic socket-residual limb interface. The 3D motion capture model defines the residual limb bone position inside the prosthetic socket which allows for measurement of the movement occurring at the prosthetic socket interface. The Slip Detection Sensor is an optoelectronic sensor embedded into the prosthetic socket wall to measure the amount of socket slip occurring between the socket wall and the residual limb skin surface. The motion capture model and Slip Detection Sensor were used to measure motion at the socket interface of transhumeral amputees during activities of daily living. Data were collected on six transhumeral amputees in the University of South Florida's (USF) motion analysis laboratory. One of the participants completed the collection procedures twice using two different suspension systems (pin locking versus no pin locking) within the same socket. An eight camera Vicon (Oxord, UK) motion capture system was used to collect kinematic data for each participant during the repetition of a series of range of motion (RoM) and activities of daily living (ADL). The RoM tasks included shoulder flexion/extension, shoulder abduction/adduction, shoulder rotation, and elbow flexion. The ADL tasks included a bilateral and unilateral lifting task at various weight increments, modified box and blocks test, folding a towel, and walk and carry a gallon jug of water. The impact of donning the prosthesis on the participant's RoM and the amount of socket movement during the ADL tasks was analyzed. The results show that the participant's shoulder RoM significantly decreased while wearing their prosthesis compared to when they were not wearing their prosthesis. The anterior-posterior tilt, medial-lateral tilt, and socket vertical translation were more directly correlated with the amount of residual limb movement than with the force acting on the prosthetic hand. Socket slip was most directly correlated with the force acting on the prosthetic hand. The results also show that the amount of translation was reduced when the pin locking suspension was used compared to when it wasn't for the individual participant who used both suspension systems within the same socket. The motion capture data were used to determine the amount of socket movement during activities of daily living while avoiding many of the limitations of other socket interface studies. The Slip Detection Sensor provided experimental data on the amount of slip occurring between the residual limb skin surface and socket wall. This method seems to be a useful tool for evaluating socket performance in terms of movement. Ultimately, socket interface movement data can be used to providing clinicians with quantitative results of a good socket fit to aid in the socket fitting and prescription process and incorporated into adjustable interfaces. Collection of data on more participants with various socket types is needed to make more general conclusions.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1967. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-77). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1967. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-77).