Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2002. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 163 p. :ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-162).

The primary aim of the research reviewed in this thesis has been to provide information required by land managers on inherent and dynamic soil properties for sustainable intensive agriculture. A soil survey in the Te Puke district, New Zealand, found the soils to be young with the majority having a layer of tephra in their profiles which gives rise to low overall nutrient status and free draining properties. Soils in north west Tasmania were found to be predominantly Red Ferrosols formed on basalt. The Ferrosols are characteristically strongly structured, strongly acid and have high organic carbon contents. The Ferrosols surveyed were being managed at their optimum land capability or better, with little evidence of soil degradation. The importance of taking a morphological approach to the studies of soil health is illustrated by comparing data from similar paddock histories across the soil orders studied. The differences in physical properties and soil carbon contents between soil orders were pronounced. The measured effects of cropping on soils varied depending on inherent differences between the soils studied. Soil carbon levels were found to be falling with increased years of cropping on all soils studied. Strong correlations were found between soil carbon and a range of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Target levels of soil carbon are suggested for cropping systems, which can be used as an indicator of sustainability. The soil properties and paddock variables found to be significantly correlated with crop yield varied, depending on crop and soil type. Two easily applied measures of soil structure were correlated to crop production on heavier textured soils. Research into the off-site effects of agriculture in north west Tasmania found that there were high levels of water turbidity caused by soil erosion from cropped paddocks and high levels of nutrients emanating from dairy pastures on drained lowland areas. There has been a positive change in farmer perceptions and soil management practices over a ten-year period in north west Tasmania. Several information brochures have been published for farmers to assess and manage their soils for sustainable production. The research undertaken and reviewed here has produced information on inherent and dynamic soil properties required by farmers for sustainable intensive agriculture. The work has played a major role in the understanding of how soil management has an impact both on and off site and in influencing soil management on farms in both Tasmania and the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand

Thesis (M.S. - Watershed Management)--University of Arizona. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D. - Soil, Water and Environmental Science)--University of Arizona, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-147).

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-107).

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Heavy metals and hydrocarbons are persistent pollutants in the environment. Problems associated with the cleanup of sites contaminated by metals and hydrocarbons have demonstrated the need to develop remediation technologies that are feasible, quick, and effective in a wide range of physical settings. Experiments were conducted to investigate the efficiency of silica encapsulation and the factors that influence its performance. Analysis was done by ICP-OES and GC-FID for metals and hydrocarbons respectively. This technology was tested using sodium silicate and ChemcapTM. Soils and water contaminated with hydrocarbons and heavy metals were successfully remediated by silica encapsulation. The silica coating was stable under both acidic and alkaline conditions. A new product that is based on sodium silicate formulation was developed and was more effective at encapsulating hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Laboratory tests indicated that it is more effective in an acidic medium and it continues to strengthen with time. Metal encapsulation was affected by the sizes of metal ions and the presence of hydrocarbons.

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