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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Cura e armazenamento de batatas destinadas ao processamento industrial / Cure and storage of potatoes for industrial processing

Petrucci, Kharen Priscilla de Oliveira Salomão 24 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2018-09-26T18:26:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2755378 bytes, checksum: 5ebfe5d8ce064b9ec4f37f421ff91315 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T18:26:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2755378 bytes, checksum: 5ebfe5d8ce064b9ec4f37f421ff91315 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o efeito da temperatura, tempo de armazenamento e dano mecânico nos tubérculos destinados ao processamento de batata pré-frita. Foram realizados dois ensaios. No primeiro, a cultivar Markies foi armazenada em câmara climatizada a 4, 5, 6 e 8 oC (UR ± 90%) por 240 dias, com quantificação do teor de açúcar solúvel total (AST), açúcares redutores (AR), atividade das enzimas peroxidase (POD) e polifenoloxidase (PPO), coloração após a fritura, e incidência da brotação. No segundo ensaio, tubérculos das cultivares Markies e Challenger foram submetidos a danos mecânicos e armazenados em câmaras climatizadas nas temperaturas de 8, 14 e 20 °C (UR ± 90%) por 14 dias para determinação do período de formação da periderme de dano. Após este período, avaliou-se taxas de perda de massa fresca, teor de açúcar solúvel total (AST), açúcares redutores (AR), açúcares não redutores (ANR), coloração dos palitos após a fritura e a taxa de regeneração da periderme após o dano. A cultivar Markies a 6,9 oC, apresentou menores concentrações de AST e AR nos tubérculos aos 78,4 e 92,9 dias de armazenamento, respectivamente. A atividade das enzimas POD e PPO não foram influenciadas pelas temperaturas de 4, 5, 6 e 8 oC, nem pelo tempo de armazenamento de 240 dias apresentando valor médio de 1,91 e 1,42 UA min -1 mg -1 de proteína, respectivamente. Houve variação na coloração dos tubérculos após a fritura, com coloração mais escura nos tubérculos armazenados a 4 e 5 °C, os tubérculos armazenados a 6 e 8 °C mantiveram a coloração dento do padrão aceitável até os 240 dias de armazenamento. As temperaturas de 4 e 5 °C retardaram o início da brotação, iniciando-se aos 150 dias. A 6 e 8°C o início da brotação se deu a partir dos 90 e 60 dias de armazenamento, respectivamente. Para a cura, nas temperaturas avaliadas de 8, 14 e 20 oC, verificou-se taxa de perda de matéria fresca superior nos tubérculos que sofreram danos, sendo que a 14 oC a taxa de perda de ambas cultivares apresentaram comportamento quadrático com taxa de perda mínima nos tubérculos com dano para a cultivar Markies aos 10,8 dias e para a cultivar Challenger em 10,46 dias. Os maiores teores de AST, AR e ANR ocorreram a 8 °C tanto para os tubérculos do controle quanto para os tubérculos submetidos a danos na cultivar Markies, e apenas nos tubérculos com danos para a cultivar Challenger. Entre as cultivares Markies e Challenger verificou-se valores médios de AST, AR e ANR superiores para a cultivar Markies a 8 °C. É possível armazenar a cultivar Markies por 92,9 dias a 6,9 °C sem perda de qualidade para processamento industrial. Além disso, verificou-se que a cura das cultivares Markies e Challenger a 8, 14 e 20 oC causaram modificações anatômicas conspícuas nos tubérculos com dano, sendo que 14 oC foi a temperatura que proporcionou melhor cura. / The objective of this study was to verify the effect of temperature, lenght of storage and mechanical damage on the tubers intended for processing as French fries. Two assays were done. In the first experiment, the cultivar Markies was stored in an air-conditioned room at 4, 5, 6 and 8 oC (RH ± 90 %) for 240 days. Total soluble sugar (AST), reducing sugars (AR) and non-reducing sugars (ANR) levels, peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzymes activity, browning after frying, and sprouting incidence were evaluated. In the second experiment, tubers of the cultivars Markies and Challenger were subjected to mechanical damage and stored at 8, 14 and 20 °C (RH ± 90 %) for 14 days to determine the period of formation of the damage peridem. Loss rate of fresh mass, total soluble sugar content (AST), reducing sugars (AR), non-reducing sugars (ANR), French fries color after frying and regeneration rate of the periderm after wounding were evaluated. Markies cultivar stored at 6.9 oC presented the lowest AST and AR concentrations in the tubers at 78.4 and 92.9 days of storage, respectively. POD and PPO enzymes activity were not influenced by temperature (4, 5, 6 and 8 oC), nor by storage period (240 days) presenting average values of 1.91 and 1.42 AU min -1 mg -1 protein, respectively. There was variation in tuber coloration after frying, with darker color in tubers stored at 4 and 5 oC, while those stored at 6 and 8 oC maintained acceptable coloration standard up to 240 storage days. Temperatures of 4 and 5 °C delayed the sprouting onset, starting at 150 days. At 6 and 8 °C the sprouting onset occurred at 90 and 60 days of storage, respectively. For wound healing, at the temperatures of 8, 14 and 20 oC, it was verified higher loss rate of fresh matter in tubers that suffered damages. At 14 oC loss rate of both cultivars presented quadratic behavior with minimum loss rate in tubers that suffered mechanical wounding for Markies cultivar at 10.8 days and in Challenger cultivar at 10.46 days. The highest levels of AST, AR and ANR occurred at 8 °C for both the control tubers and the tubers that suffered wounding for Markies cultivar, and only in the tubers that suffered for cultivar Challenger. Comparing the cultivars Markies and Challenger, the levels of AST, AR and ANR were higher in Markies cultivar at 8 °C. Based on the results, it is possible to store cultivar Markies cultivar for 92.9 days at 6.9 °C without quality loss for industrial processing. Healing of Markies and Challenger cultivars at 8, 14 and 20 ° C caused conspicuous anatomical modifications in the wounded tubers being the best temperature for healing at 14 °C.

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