Le Maroc, en tant que pays non producteur d’énergie fossile, subit de plein fouet les fluctuations des prix des produits entrant dans la production de l’énergie. Afin de créer une indépendance énergétique, il a lancé en 2007 un programme qui vise à produire de l’énergie à partir de sources alternatives aux sources fossiles. Dans notre thèse, nous essayons à travers une démarche qualitative de comprendre les motivations et également les barrières qui ont une influence directe sur la décision d’adoption des technologies solaires par les ménages marocains. Pour ce faire nous nous sommes appuyés sur un cadre théorique ayant été utilisé dans plusieurs contextes pour comprendre notre objet de recherche qui est la diffusion d’une innovation technologique. Après avoir présenté une revue de littérature sur les différents modèles de diffusion, nous avons réalisé une étude comparative entre trois pays ayant déjà entamé l’expérience du solaire voire même devenus pionniers en la matière et le Maroc. Par la suite, nous avons réalisé une approche qualitative en deux temps. Nous avons réalisé des entretiens d’experts avec les principaux acteurs de la filière solaire au Maroc. Ensuite nous avons organisé des groupes de discussion avec des ménages ayant adopté ou non des technologies solaires. Cette approche nous a permis d’identifier des axes de travail importants sur lesquels le pouvoir public devrait agir. Nous avons constaté que le facteur coût joue un rôle central dans la décision d’achat de ces technologies, de même que l’accès à l’information, d’où l’importance d’une bonne communication autour des possibilités offertes par le solaire / Morocco is not a country that produces a fossil energy. He undergoes the price fluctuations of the products used in the energy production. In order to to reduce its energy bill, he started in 2007 an ambitious program which aims to produce energy starting from alternative sources. He seeks to produce 42% of his energy needs starting from renewable energies including 14% from the solar one. In our thesis, we try through a qualitative approach to understand the motivations and also the barriers which have a direct influence on the decision of adoption of solar technologies by Moroccan households. After having presented a review of literature on the various models of diffusion, we carried out a comparative study between three countries having already started the experiment of solar and even become pionniers on the matter and Morocco. Thereafter, we carried out a qualitative approach in two times. We carried out talks with the main actors of the solar sector in Morocco. Then we organized focus groups with households having adopted or not solar technologies. This approach enabled us to identify important work axes on which the public authority should act. We noted that the factor cost plays a central role in the decision of purchase of these technologies. Just as the access to the information which can be sometimes erroneous from where importance of a good communication around the opportunities given by the solar technologies

<p>The main questions concerning energy technologies today are their economical and environmental impacts. These entities are (at the present) assessed on the basis that operations proceed as newly installed/designed systems, during an assumed working life period. While this is the common way of perceiving energy systems, performance-over-time will change as an effect of (e.g. material) degradation and not solely of different operation scenarios. How and to what extent, is the question that needs assessing in order to evaluate if these changes will jeopardise the intended system performance requirement. In turn, this pro-active assessment and analysis is in line with today’s performance based directives, laws, regulations and concepts; of which the working life is an essential part.</p><p>The main context of the thesis, is a contribution to the Research and Development (R&D) topic on life performance of energy technologies, with papers on a literature review and case study on two system parts: <i>solar collector and ground heat exchanger (borehole)</i>; within the energy technology area of combined solar energy technologies/systems utilised in buildings. The thesis specifically presents a general description of requirements on constructed works and their material, components and systems. It also gives an insight to the energy technology R&D and engineering sector, regarding durability and service life assessment methodologies; and also to the durability of constructed works sector, regarding the needs for assessing material degradation in relation to system performance. The case studies presented in the thesis, show how durability of energy technologies may be sought-after, as well as specific knowledge and useful tools, methodologies and test setups for assessing long-term performance of combined solar energy technologies (in this case a solar-assisted heat pump system utilising a building integrated Unglazed Solar Collector and energy storage).</p><p>The utilisation of solar collectors and heat pumps (primarily for space and domestic tap water heating) has rapidly increased in Sweden during the last decades. Sweden has today the largest heat pump market in Europe. During recent years, there has also been an increased interest in heating systems that combine heat pumps with solar collectors (glazed and unglazed) and energy storages; with the aim of attaining a system that provides higher energy and greater economical performances than individual solar collector or heat pump systems. If these systems are to be successful they must be economically feasible; placing emphasis on the cost, durability and performance of the system.</p><p>The main issue on life performance of energy technologies is how and to what extent, performance reduction in individual materials and components influences the overall system performance; as the essence of energy system sustainability is system performance.</p>

The main questions concerning energy technologies today are their economical and environmental impacts. These entities are (at the present) assessed on the basis that operations proceed as newly installed/designed systems, during an assumed working life period. While this is the common way of perceiving energy systems, performance-over-time will change as an effect of (e.g. material) degradation and not solely of different operation scenarios. How and to what extent, is the question that needs assessing in order to evaluate if these changes will jeopardise the intended system performance requirement. In turn, this pro-active assessment and analysis is in line with today’s performance based directives, laws, regulations and concepts; of which the working life is an essential part. The main context of the thesis, is a contribution to the Research and Development (R&amp;D) topic on life performance of energy technologies, with papers on a literature review and case study on two system parts: solar collector and ground heat exchanger (borehole); within the energy technology area of combined solar energy technologies/systems utilised in buildings. The thesis specifically presents a general description of requirements on constructed works and their material, components and systems. It also gives an insight to the energy technology R&amp;D and engineering sector, regarding durability and service life assessment methodologies; and also to the durability of constructed works sector, regarding the needs for assessing material degradation in relation to system performance. The case studies presented in the thesis, show how durability of energy technologies may be sought-after, as well as specific knowledge and useful tools, methodologies and test setups for assessing long-term performance of combined solar energy technologies (in this case a solar-assisted heat pump system utilising a building integrated Unglazed Solar Collector and energy storage). The utilisation of solar collectors and heat pumps (primarily for space and domestic tap water heating) has rapidly increased in Sweden during the last decades. Sweden has today the largest heat pump market in Europe. During recent years, there has also been an increased interest in heating systems that combine heat pumps with solar collectors (glazed and unglazed) and energy storages; with the aim of attaining a system that provides higher energy and greater economical performances than individual solar collector or heat pump systems. If these systems are to be successful they must be economically feasible; placing emphasis on the cost, durability and performance of the system. The main issue on life performance of energy technologies is how and to what extent, performance reduction in individual materials and components influences the overall system performance; as the essence of energy system sustainability is system performance. / QC 20101117