Thesis--M. Sc.(Eng.), University of Hong Kong, 1983.

It is universally accepted that the majority of Ṣa‘īdī (Upper Egyptian) and Cairene consonants correspond with each other very closely. However, the Ṣa‘īdī cognates of Cairene /tˤ/, /g/, and /ʔ/ show significant variation that has not yet been studied phonologically or mapped. The research that has been conducted on these Upper Egyptian cognate sounds is either based on a very small sample size, or lacking phonological distributions for these sounds. This paper revisits the phonological variation and distribution of the Upper Egyptian cognates for the Cairene /tˤ/, /g/, and /ʔ/. This study concludes that its Ṣa‘īdī cognate of the Cairene /tˤ/ is [ɗ] in most regions, and that the Ṣa‘īdī cognates of the /g/, and /ʔ/ differ from previous documentation. / text

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The perception of the direction of a sound source in the horizontal plane is largely dependent upon the relative arrival times of salient points in the waveform and upon the difference in amplitude at the two ears. Other effects such as binaural release from masking are mediated mainly by the percept of lateralisation. In an extensive literature review the major experiments in binaural unmasking. discrimination and lateralisation are introduced and the most influential binaural detection and lateralisation models discussed. It is argued that these models are all cross-correlation mechanisms operating upon the differences between the firing patterns of the two auditory nerves. A study of the response of the binaural system to changes in its input would be a critical test of such models, so an experiment to measure the threshold of a static tone in noise with temporally varying Interaural phase was performed. The results suggest that binaural processing is slow. The extent of lateralisation of bandpass (10%) filtered clicks of both low and high frequencies was studied with various interaural time and amplitude differences. A novel feature of the research, apart from the scaling technique used, was that subjects were encouraged to listen for multiple images. These experiments are sensitive to the breakdown of sensory fusion, and so pose a severe test for binaural models. Very similar results at both low- (260 Hz) and high- (8000 Hz) frequencies suggest a common lateralisation mechanism operating primarily upon interaural onset time differences. A binaural model is proposed which extends existing cross-correlation models. Included is an auditory nerve model which adapts and saturates. The other new element is coincidence detectors with significant (1 ms) integration times, which more closely represent the temporal Integration properties of real neural networks. The inclusion of the auditory nerve model Is very succesful, but the extended coincidence detectors prove less helpful. A single channel excitatory-inhibitory model Is also discussed.

M.Tech. Drama. Tshwane University of Technology / When the healthy resonant frequency is out of balance, physical and emotional health is affected. The imbalance can be restored by the use of sound waves to once again create a healthy balance. Taking into account that the actor-in-training needs to focus on several elements on a physical, mental and emotional level all at once, it can be argued that s/he needs to be centred and keep all physical, mental and emotional aspects in balance. Therefore, well-being is certainly needed for optimal functioning of the actor and this is often archived through relaxation. This study hypothesizes that Sound Therapy will be beneficial as means of achieving a sense of well-being in the actor.

Sound design with the help of procedurally generated sound in video games has seen arise in the last few years given how that method gives us greated freedom in how soundreacts in realtime to the games, and the players. This research looks into if there is anydifference in how procedural sound, in this case procedurally generated wind, affectsthe navigation of players in a three dimensional world, as opposed to static samplebased sound design.

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This thesis presents theoretical and experimental investigations of atmospheric refraction and diffraction of sound over curved surfaces. The main contributions of this work are as follows: The development of an alternative method for calculating the influence of wind on sound propagation in the presence of a ground of finite impedance. The development of numerical models to calculate sound propagation due to monopole and dipole sources over cylindrical or spherical convex and concave surfaces of finite impedance. Laboratory measurements of sound propagation over curved surfaces and comparisons with the proposed theoretical and numerical models. The exploration of the theory for surface wave contributions in an upward refracting atmosphere in the light of obtained experimental data and observation of the surface waves above a convex surface. Experimental and theoretical investigations of the effectiveness of a barrier in the presence of sound speed gradients.

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