Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

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Master of Science / Department of Computing and Information Sciences / John M. Hatcliff / In order to demonstrate that developing highly secure systems to the level of rigor required by the higher assurance levels of the common criteria is possible, the NSA asked Praxis High Integrity Systems to undertake a research project to develop a high integrity variant of part of an existing secure system (the Tokeneer System) in accordance with Praxis‟ own high-integrity development process. Their objective is to show the security community that it is possible to develop secure systems rigorously in a cost-effective manner. Hence part of the Tokeneer (ID Station) is redeveloped in Spark programming language and is verified using the Spark proof tools. Bakar Kiasan is a symbolic execution tool for the Spark programming language built in Kansas State University, it can be used for bug finding, test case generation and contract checking. This tool‟s proof process does not include the conventional Spark tools like the Examiner, Simplifier and Proof Checker. It mainly allows the programmer to focus entirely on the source code level. The goal of this MS report is to assess the extent to which symbolic execution techniques in Bakar Kiasan can be applied to the Tokeneer example implemented in Spark.

In this thesis I read a selection of novels by the Scottish writer Muriel Spark as participating in a broader ‘spatialization' of fictional and aesthetic production consolidated during the 1970s, through which they refract the decade's socio-cultural change. My intention is to establish a richer historical and theoretical context than that in which Spark's fiction has traditionally been understood, such that its distinctiveness will both emerge from and in turn shed light upon this wider background. In particular, the stylized, economical spatiality of Spark's work in this period seems at odds with the most influential accounts of spatialization as either an attenuation of historicity or an expression of an unconscious and broadly realist ‘mapping' impulse (these being the poles of Fredric Jameson's diagnoses of the spatial turn). What I consider Spark's more reflexive ‘miniaturism' reaches towards a condensation of the historical referent, while bringing into focus the discrepancy between container and contained; the playful collision of spatial scales in these postmodern allegories grants them a fabulist and gendered dimension distinct from Jameson's more expansive and totalizing ‘cognitive mapping'. Beyond situating Spark within a pre-existing context, then, approaching these novels theoretically and historically opens up a different perspective on the ‘spatial form' of much postmodern fiction. More broadly, I argue that it is through this parallel formal evolution within the longer history of the novel, with its particular limits and potentials for fiction's ‘utopian imagination', that these texts critically mediate (and not merely reflect) a perceived ‘cultural closure' in the years after 1968 – a teleological spatial metaphor which recent histories of the seventies have begun to contest.

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The work reported in this thesis was conducted to study the effects of variable valve actuation on combustion, emissions, and fuel economy in a modern design of 4-valve per cylinder SI engine. The use of statistically-based procedures for the design of experiments allowed a limited number of tests to be used to explore a wide region of each of the experimental variables. A series of steady-flow tests was conducted to assess the effects of valve lift on flow past the valves and the nature of any in-cylinder motion generated. Results from the former were incorporated into a filling and emptying model that allowed levels of trapped residuals and pumping work to be estimated for different valve strategies. The in-cylinder motion tests explored asymmetric valve lifts, that is to say where the two valves were opened by a different amount. These results allowed a pair of response surfaces to be established to model the intensity of both axial and barrel swirl within the cylinder over the range of valve lifts. Engine tests were conducted in two parts. The first explored the effects of changes in exhaust event phasing, intake event phasing, intake event duration, and peak intake valve lift. The design of the experiment allowed linear, quadratic, and interactions between the variables to be modelled using regression analysis. Statistical analysis allowed the most influential factors (both main effects and interactions) to be identified. Contour plots of the modelled response were used to draw conclusions about the nature of the response surface and to isolate the effects of valve opening and closure angles as well as overlap. The results were correlated with those from the steady-flow tests and from the computer model. The strategy for the second phase of tests was chosen after considering the previous results. The steady-flow tests indicated that there was considerable potential for enhancing in-cylinder motion by adopting a valve deactivation strategy and combining it with a low lift of the active intake valve. The second phase investigated the use of such a technique in conjunction with large overlaps over a range of duration of the intake valve event. The results from both phases of engine tests indicated possible strategies to reduce emissions from future engines.

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