Tony Chung, Kwok Hung. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 220-253). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Inaug.-Diss.--Giessen. / Lebenslauf.

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Investigación presentado en el "European Symposium on Research in Architecture and Urban Design - EURAU '10", realizado en Naples, Italia, del 23 al 26 de Junio del 2010. / This study is part of the research for the PhD Thesis “The architecture of kitsch in contemporary Peruvian architecture”, for the PhD in Architectural Composition at the Università degli Studi di. / cristinadreifuss@gmail.com / Ornament or decorative elements are a constant in spontaneous architecture. When people build their own dwelling without consulting a professional, it will always display some kind of sign or symbol aimi ng to make the house “beautiful”. Even if there is rarely a consensus on what beautiful means, the preferences of the inhabitants are shown through a set of el ements in the architec ture of their house. Precarious spontaneous housi ng i n the peripheries of Lima (Peru) shows us how the search for beauty occupies a fundamental place in peopl es’ priorities, emerging even before the most basic comforts that people expects to have in their houses.

Ph.D., Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, 1985.

Objectives. The objective of this study was to investigate how the characteristics of self-generated and spontaneous images might differ between states of high and low anxiety, as observed in spider phobia. It was not known whether self-generated images could be used, in the same way as spontaneous images, to access core beliefs. The frequency and characteristics of spontaneous images were assessed to determine whether they are negative, recurrent, and link to early memories, as have been reported in social phobia. Design. Participants were recruited into either a spider-anxious group or a control group based upon their response (independent variable) to the Fear of Spiders Questionnaire (Muris & Mercklebach, 1996). A semi-structured interview, incorporating a within and between group design, required participants to rate the characteristics (the dependent variables) of self generated and spontaneous images. Method. A semi-structured interview was administered. Participants rated the characteristics of two images (spider and butterfly) using visual analogue scales. The downward arrow technique was used to access core beliefs associated with the self-generated and spontaneous images. Results. The spider-anxious group's spider image was more vivid, evoked more anxiety, and was perceived as having more intent than both control images. The spider-anxious group reported more negative core beliefs associated with the self-generated image and more spontaneous images, that were recurrent, negative and that linked to early traumatic experiences. Conclusions. The phenomenological characteristics of self-generated images can be reliably assessed and, in the absence of spontaneous images, can be utilised to access core beliefs in anxiety disorders. This study provides some evidence of cognitive biases and thinking errors and calls for a new cognitive model of specific phobia.

One of the long-standing debates in disaster science and practice is the tension between planning and structure on the one hand and flexibility and adaptation on the other in maximizing the effectiveness of response operations. This research aims to reconcile the divide that currently exists among scholars and practitioners and present a continuum that bridges the above models and ties planning, improvisation, and spontaneous planning together. The main questions that were examined with this research are: First, what role did spontaneous planning and improvisation play in responding to the two disasters. Second, in what ways do hazard characteristics (e.g. speed of onset and scope of impact) influence the roles played by spontaneous planning and improvisation? This is a qualitative study that employed a comparative case study to examine the characteristics of spontaneous planning. The major findings are that spontaneous planning does occur and that variables such as speed of onset, scope, magnitude, and number of organizations involved impact the visibility of spontaneous planning characteristics.

No / The separation of racemates into pure enantiomers through crystallization is an important industrial process. This study provides further validation of a novel, predictive approach for spontaneous resolution in which crystal structure prediction simulations are used to explore the relative stabilities of racemic solids versus enantiopure solids. 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2,5,5-trimethylpyrrolidine-1-oxy (compound 1) has previously been shown to be a racemic conglomerate, while a similar compound, 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,5,5-trimethylpyrrolidine-1-oxy (compound 2), was not. A conformational search using the Dreiding force field revealed 10 conformational minima for compound 1, and 20 for compound 2. Atomic charges were calculated using unrestricted DFT B3LYP 6-311G** optimized structures, and a crystal structure prediction was performed using the Dreiding force field, considering all low-energy gas-phase conformations and all relevant space groups. Analysis of the predicted crystal structures suggests that compound 1 is a racemic conglomerate, but compound 2 is not. This is in agreement with the experimental evidence.

<p> The spontaneous oscillations of a fluidized bed with a variable volume below the bed support are investigated.</p> <p> The pressure vs. time dependence of the fixed bed is determined for glassbeads of 3 size ranges and for hematite.</p> <p> For each case several different bed masses were employed. For the oscillating bed the influence on the frequency of the oscillations of the materials fluidized, the size of the particles, the chamber volume and the superficial gas velocity are studied.</p> <p> Models of five different authors have been reviewed and a model to describe the relationship between the frequency and various parameters such as chamber volume, bed mass, gas velocity and the pressure drop characteristic (Δp vs. μ) is derived. The latter together with three other models have been evaluated by means of the experimental data.</p> / Thesis / Master of Engineering (MEngr)