Taxation of profesional sportmen's income Abstract The main objective of this thesis was to design its taxation of the income of professional athletes from the sports activities, especifically in the position of tax residents of the Czech Republic. At the same time, I wanted to point out the inconsistencies that arise between the theoretical and practical solutions to this problém, all in wake of the case-law of the judicial domestic instances and the Court of Justice of the European Union. In this analysis was used the basic division of professional athletes - the athletes in the individual sports and athletes in the collective sports. This work is, together with an introduction and the conclusion, divided into six chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the development of sport as a means of meeting the needs and its importance for the society. The second chapter, in its first part, is about the position of the athlete as a subjekt od legal relations. The following are general passages relating to the income tax of individuals and groups of incomes, of which is the income collected. Furthermore, is mentioned the importance of the expenditure of the taxation of the income of professional athletes and the possibility of their application in the tax return. The third chapter deals with the status of...