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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Control of a super-capacitor based energy storage system

Wu, Ding January 2014 (has links)
The increasing use of electrical technologies within on-board (aircraft, road vehicle, train and ship) power systems is resulting in complex and highly dynamic networks in which energy storage devices have an important role to play, for example to resolve the instantaneous mismatch between load demand and power availability or to provide the flexibility to optimise overall performance. In this thesis, a multi-level controller for a super-capacitor based energy storage system (ESS) is designed, simulated, emulated and validated experimentally to show its effectiveness in smoothing load and managing state-of-charge of the energy storage system. This thesis first investigates the low level control of the dual-interleaved converter, particularly at light load where seven discontinuous conduction modes (DCMs) appear. A thorough analysis of these operating modes is given and validated by simulations and experiments. Based on the analysis, an inverse-model-based feed-forward current controller is implemented, offering a low level converter control interface which serves the high level supervisory controller within the energy storage system. Two supervisory control methods have been proposed in this thesis, both producing a super-capacitor current reference for the low level controller. The first supervisory control not only manages the energy within the ESS but also shields the primary power source from rapid load transients , which has been examined through an emulated ESS in the Intelligent Electrical Power Network Evaluation Facility (IEPNEF). A more advanced supervisory controller is then proposed which in addition to the benefits of the first control, regulates the rate-of-change in power that is drawn from the primary power source in the system. The proposed second control method is implemented within a real super-capacitor energy storage system in IEPNEF, with both simulation and experimental results successfully demonstrating and validating its operation.
2

Análise do armazenamento de arroz no Brasil sob condições de incerteza através de um modelo dinâmico de expectativas racionais / Dynamic rational expectation storage models with uncertanty conditions applied to Brazilian rice market

Bragagnolo, Cassiano 04 July 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o armazenamento do arroz no Brasil, propondo modelos para tomada de decisão quanto à formação de estoques. Uma vez conhecidos estes modelos é possível analisar previamente as intervenções pretendidas pelo governo. Para tanto se partiu da hipótese de que é possível representar o mercado de arroz no Brasil através de um modelo dinâmico de expectativas racionais capaz de captar o efeito da importação do produto e de algumas políticas de sustentação de preço ao produtor adotadas pelo governo brasileiro. A proposta metodológica para a estimação do modelo segue a abordagem de programação dinâmica. Foram desenvolvidos algoritmos que representam o mercado de arroz no Brasil em uma situação de mercado fechado sem intervenção do governo, mercado aberto sem intervenção do governo, mercado fechado com intervenção do governo via Prêmio de Escoamento do Produto - PEP, mercado fechado com intervenção do governo via Aquisição do Governo Federal - AGF mercado aberto com intervenção do governo via PEP, mercado aberto com intervenção do governo via AGF. Os métodos utilizados para solução exigem que sejam conhecidos as funções de demanda e oferta de área, o custo unitário de armazenamento, a taxa anual de juros, a distribuição de probabilidades das variáveis aleatórias (produtividade e choques de demanda) e os preços de importação e mínimos (quando for o caso). Os preços esperados de mercado na situação de mercado aberto com intervenção via PEP foram ligeiramente inferiores ao preço de mercado sem intervenção, porém o preço recebido pelo agricultor foi ligeiramente maior. Isto significa que parte dos recursos da PEP é apropriada pelo produtor e parte pela indústria. Os resultados do modelo aberto com AGF demonstram que os preços para o comprador ficam acima do encontrado para o modelo sem intervenção do governo. Outro resultado encontrado foi que o nível de preços mínimos praticado nos últimos anos não tem sido suficientemente elevado a ponto de promover mudanças significativas no equilíbrio de mercado interno. / The aim of this study was to analyze rice storage in Brazil, proposing a model for decision taking regarding stock formation. Once these models are known it is possible to previously analyze the government interventions. Thus, the study was based on the hypothesis that it is possible to represent the rice market in Brazil through a dynamic model of rational expectations able to analyze the product importation effect and some policies of price support to the producer adopted by the Brazilian government. The methodological proposal for estimating the model follows the dynamic programming approach. It was developed algorithms which represent the rice market in Brazil in a situation of closed market without the government intervention, open market without government intervention, closed market with the government intervention through PEP (Prêmio de Escoamento do Produto - Prize for Product Outletting), closed market with the government intervention through AGF (Aquisição do Governo Federal - Federal Government Acquisition), open market with the government intervention through PEP, open market with government intervention through AGF. The methods used for the solution require that it be known the demand and supply functions for the area, the unit storage cost, the annual interest rate, the distribution of probabilities of random variables (productivity and demand shocks), importation and minimum (whenever is the case) prices. The expected market prices in the situation of open market with intervention through PEP were slightly lower than to the market price without intervention, however the price received by the grower was a little higher. It means that part of the PEP resources is allotted by the grower and part by the industry. The results of the open model with AGF show that the prices for the buyer are higher than those found in the model without government intervention. Another result was that the level of minimum prices practiced over the last years has not been adjusted to the point to promote significant changes in the balance of the domestic market.
3

Análise do armazenamento de arroz no Brasil sob condições de incerteza através de um modelo dinâmico de expectativas racionais / Dynamic rational expectation storage models with uncertanty conditions applied to Brazilian rice market

Cassiano Bragagnolo 04 July 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o armazenamento do arroz no Brasil, propondo modelos para tomada de decisão quanto à formação de estoques. Uma vez conhecidos estes modelos é possível analisar previamente as intervenções pretendidas pelo governo. Para tanto se partiu da hipótese de que é possível representar o mercado de arroz no Brasil através de um modelo dinâmico de expectativas racionais capaz de captar o efeito da importação do produto e de algumas políticas de sustentação de preço ao produtor adotadas pelo governo brasileiro. A proposta metodológica para a estimação do modelo segue a abordagem de programação dinâmica. Foram desenvolvidos algoritmos que representam o mercado de arroz no Brasil em uma situação de mercado fechado sem intervenção do governo, mercado aberto sem intervenção do governo, mercado fechado com intervenção do governo via Prêmio de Escoamento do Produto - PEP, mercado fechado com intervenção do governo via Aquisição do Governo Federal - AGF mercado aberto com intervenção do governo via PEP, mercado aberto com intervenção do governo via AGF. Os métodos utilizados para solução exigem que sejam conhecidos as funções de demanda e oferta de área, o custo unitário de armazenamento, a taxa anual de juros, a distribuição de probabilidades das variáveis aleatórias (produtividade e choques de demanda) e os preços de importação e mínimos (quando for o caso). Os preços esperados de mercado na situação de mercado aberto com intervenção via PEP foram ligeiramente inferiores ao preço de mercado sem intervenção, porém o preço recebido pelo agricultor foi ligeiramente maior. Isto significa que parte dos recursos da PEP é apropriada pelo produtor e parte pela indústria. Os resultados do modelo aberto com AGF demonstram que os preços para o comprador ficam acima do encontrado para o modelo sem intervenção do governo. Outro resultado encontrado foi que o nível de preços mínimos praticado nos últimos anos não tem sido suficientemente elevado a ponto de promover mudanças significativas no equilíbrio de mercado interno. / The aim of this study was to analyze rice storage in Brazil, proposing a model for decision taking regarding stock formation. Once these models are known it is possible to previously analyze the government interventions. Thus, the study was based on the hypothesis that it is possible to represent the rice market in Brazil through a dynamic model of rational expectations able to analyze the product importation effect and some policies of price support to the producer adopted by the Brazilian government. The methodological proposal for estimating the model follows the dynamic programming approach. It was developed algorithms which represent the rice market in Brazil in a situation of closed market without the government intervention, open market without government intervention, closed market with the government intervention through PEP (Prêmio de Escoamento do Produto – Prize for Product Outletting), closed market with the government intervention through AGF (Aquisição do Governo Federal – Federal Government Acquisition), open market with the government intervention through PEP, open market with government intervention through AGF. The methods used for the solution require that it be known the demand and supply functions for the area, the unit storage cost, the annual interest rate, the distribution of probabilities of random variables (productivity and demand shocks), importation and minimum (whenever is the case) prices. The expected market prices in the situation of open market with intervention through PEP were slightly lower than to the market price without intervention, however the price received by the grower was a little higher. It means that part of the PEP resources is allotted by the grower and part by the industry. The results of the open model with AGF show that the prices for the buyer are higher than those found in the model without government intervention. Another result was that the level of minimum prices practiced over the last years has not been adjusted to the point to promote significant changes in the balance of the domestic market.

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