Although the diagnosis of strabismus requires specialist examination, many individuals are aware that they are affected. It is thus possible that self-reporting could be sufficient for population or genetic studies of strabismus; however, the accuracy of self-reported strabismus has not previously been evaluated. In this study, participants in the Genetics of Comitant Congenital Strabismus (CCS) Study were asked to report whether they had strabismus prior to receiving a complete orthoptic evaluation. In 671 individuals studied, the sensitivity of self-report for detecting true CCS was 48.5%, with a specificity of 98.6%, giving a PPV of 92.6% (NPV 84.5%). Self-reporting accuracy was influenced by the direction, size and constancy of the deviation, and by sex but not education. Self-reports produced a misclassification rate of 14.5% for CCS alone and 33.1% for combined CCS or strabismus-associated conditions. Considering this high misclassification rate, self-report should not be used for clinical studies of strabismus.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 49 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-47).

Summary: Possibilities of treatment of diplopia when suffering from paralitic strabismus with the use of conservative methods Purpose The aim of this thesis is to assess the effectiveness of ambulant pleoptic-ortoptic exercises complemented by domiciliary rehabilitation using specially adapted software - applied to patiens with suddenly occured eye movement disorder and diplopia. Methods Representative sample was composed od 86 adult patients suffering from sudden eye movement disorder and diplopia, containing 33 rehabilitating ones in treatment group and 53 not rehabilitating patients in control group. The eye movement disorder was caused by cerebrovascular accident, craniocerebral injury or vascular disease. All the patients underwent complex eye and ortoptic examination as well as objectification of the eye movement disorder and diplopia by Hess-Lancaster test. Both treatment and control group have been observed for 3 - 6 months. Results An average improvement of 96.8 % (P ≤ 0,01) was reached in the treatment group - in case of the extent of horizontal deviation of strabismus (for rehabilitating adults having the infliction n. VI of one eye). In the control group 28.1 % (P ≤ 0,00001) was noticed. The patients having the infliction n. III and n. IV of one eye improved of 73.7 % (P ≤ 0,0008) in the...

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Thesis (M.Sc.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Biology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-100). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR51629

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that the fixational stability (FS) of the amblyopic eye (AME) in strabismics will improve when binocular integration is enhanced through ocular alignment and inter-ocular suppression is attenuated by reducing the contrast to the fellow eye (FFE). Methods: 7 strabismic amblyopes (age: 30.8±9.7 yrs) (5 esotropes and 2 exotrope) (VA: AME=0.50±0.30; FFE=-0.12±0.04) showing clinical characteristics of central suppression were recruited. Suppression was then attenuated by a balance point procedure where the contrast to the FFE was reduced in order to maximize binocular integration during a global motion task (GMT) (Baker, 2007). In one case the balance point could not be determined, and the participant was excluded. Ocular alignment was established with a haploscope. Participants dichoptically viewed similar targets [a cross (2.3°) surrounded by a square (11.3°) visual angle] set at 40cm. Target contrasts presented to each eye were either equal (EQ) or attenuated in the FFE (UNEQ) by an amount defined by the GMT. FS was measured over a 5 min period (Viewpoint® Eye Tracker, Arrington Research) and quantified using bivariate contour ellipse areas (BCEA) in four different binocular conditions; unaligned/EQ, unaligned/UNEQ, aligned/EQ and aligned/UNEQ. FS was also measured in 6 control subjects (Age: 25.3±4 yrs; VA: -0.1±0.08). Results: Alignment of the AME was transient and lasting between 30 to 80 seconds. Accordingly, FS was analyzed over the first 30 seconds using repeated measures ANOVA. Post hoc analysis revealed that for the amblyopic subjects, the FS of the AME was significantly improved in aligned/EQ (p=0.015) and aligned/UNEQ (p=0.001). FS of FFE was not different statistically across conditions. BCEA(FFE) & BCEA(AME) were then averaged for each amblyope in the 4 conditions and compared with normals. This averaged BCEA (reduced FS) was significantly greater (p=0.0205) in amblyopes compared to controls except in the case of alignment coupled with reduced suppression (aligned/UNEQ) (p=0.1232). Conclusion: Fixation stability in the amblyopic eye of strabismics appears to improve directly with the degree of binocular integration. The hypothesis is therefore retained.

published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that the fixational stability (FS) of the amblyopic eye (AME) in strabismics will improve when binocular integration is enhanced through ocular alignment and inter-ocular suppression is attenuated by reducing the contrast to the fellow eye (FFE). Methods: 7 strabismic amblyopes (age: 30.8±9.7 yrs) (5 esotropes and 2 exotrope) (VA: AME=0.50±0.30; FFE=-0.12±0.04) showing clinical characteristics of central suppression were recruited. Suppression was then attenuated by a balance point procedure where the contrast to the FFE was reduced in order to maximize binocular integration during a global motion task (GMT) (Baker, 2007). In one case the balance point could not be determined, and the participant was excluded. Ocular alignment was established with a haploscope. Participants dichoptically viewed similar targets [a cross (2.3°) surrounded by a square (11.3°) visual angle] set at 40cm. Target contrasts presented to each eye were either equal (EQ) or attenuated in the FFE (UNEQ) by an amount defined by the GMT. FS was measured over a 5 min period (Viewpoint® Eye Tracker, Arrington Research) and quantified using bivariate contour ellipse areas (BCEA) in four different binocular conditions; unaligned/EQ, unaligned/UNEQ, aligned/EQ and aligned/UNEQ. FS was also measured in 6 control subjects (Age: 25.3±4 yrs; VA: -0.1±0.08). Results: Alignment of the AME was transient and lasting between 30 to 80 seconds. Accordingly, FS was analyzed over the first 30 seconds using repeated measures ANOVA. Post hoc analysis revealed that for the amblyopic subjects, the FS of the AME was significantly improved in aligned/EQ (p=0.015) and aligned/UNEQ (p=0.001). FS of FFE was not different statistically across conditions. BCEA(FFE) & BCEA(AME) were then averaged for each amblyope in the 4 conditions and compared with normals. This averaged BCEA (reduced FS) was significantly greater (p=0.0205) in amblyopes compared to controls except in the case of alignment coupled with reduced suppression (aligned/UNEQ) (p=0.1232). Conclusion: Fixation stability in the amblyopic eye of strabismics appears to improve directly with the degree of binocular integration. The hypothesis is therefore retained.