No description available.

This thesis describes a study that aimed to assess the psychophysiological effects of offshore survival training, and to investigate whether responses of trainees differed according to age. A group of 99 subjects, randomly selected from across a wide age range, volunteered and subsequently were monitored during the training. The sample population were split into 2 groups according to the training course attended, refresher or combined survival and fire fighting course. Physiological and psychological measurements, chosen as indicators of stress, were performed on these subjects. Attention was centred on 4 particular events: helicopter underwater escape training (HUET); simulated platform abandonment using totally enclosed motor propelled survival craft; simulated platform abandonment into liferafts; and self rescue from a smoke filled room. State anxiety and urinary free cortisol were assessed early on each morning. Anxiety was also measured before the 4 chosen events. Early morning anxiety and urinary free cortisol were observed to peak on the first day of training, then each showed a very similar pattern of a decline to a plateau. On assessing all combined subjects' anxiety scores in sequence, values were found to be relatively lower towards the end of the course. These results suggested that subjects suffered from pre-course apprehensions that may have caused elevations in anxiety scores during the course. It was also found that subjects with high urinary free cortisol values on day 1, had relatively higher heart rates later in the course. Despite variation between the training courses, very similar mean heart rates were recorded in combined and refresher subjects. Relatively elevated heart rates were detected during the HUET brief. This was proposed to be the result of psychological activation, probably anxiety. Indicators of links among physiological and psychological measures were thus detected. Stronger and more consistent relationships may have been observed had more extensive data been available. Age effects were also detected, older refreshers had lower levels of anxiety, but found the course relatively more demanding. The lower anxiety levels were proposed to result from older refreshers having more training experience.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1994. / Title from title page screen, viewed March 24, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Kenneth H. Strand, George Padavil (co-chairs), Larry D. Kennedy, John R. McCarthy. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 132-142) and abstract. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Commonwealth University, 2007. / Prepared for: School of Allied Health Professions . Bibliography: leaves 96 - 114. Also available online via the Internet.

Aims: The UK policy documents ‘Valuing people’ (DOH, 2001) and ‘Valuing people now’ (DOH, 2009) presaged a new direction in learning disability services: towards a human-rights model of care with the underlying principles of rights, choice, inclusion, freedom and independence. However, despite such legislative changes, a recent review (DOH, 2008a) candidly described that people with learning disabilities have greater need for healthcare than other people, yet have worse access to the care that they actually need and poorer health outcomes. Whilst some research has explored this from the perspective of people with learning disability (Jones & Donati, 2009; Jones & Parry, 2008) there is significantly less from the perspective of support workers. This research seeks to examine the emotional and psychological experience of support workers in learning disability services. Although research has explored the experience of support workers from the perspectives of ‘stress’ and ‘burnout’, there is a dearth of research in areas such as emotions, sense-making, their constructing of systems, relationships and their underlying motivations. Method: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with seven support workers from three learning disability care homes. Verbatim transcripts of interviews were then analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: The analysis produced two superordinate themes, both with two main themes. The superordinate theme ‘Emotional Motivation’ had the main themes ‘Personal Fulfilment and motivation’ and ‘The Emotional Struggle’. The superordinate theme ‘Demands and Coping’ had the main themes ‘Safety and Conflict within Coping’ and ‘Persecution and Protective Positions’. Implications: This research suggests that the support worker role may evoke strong feelings of pleasure but also powerlessness, blame, deficit, injustice, responsibility and anger. Support workers seem to manage these emotions in various ways: such as compensating by striving to be the ‘ideal’ carer, protecting themselves by avoiding and not elaborating on difficulties, and also projecting their difficulties onto others. Problematically, this may reinforce a work culture in which no individual actually takes responsibility for the ongoing difficulties, conflict and struggles. Thus, political and legislative changes may be negated or ineffective unless addressed within the context of this dynamic; namely, the value, emotional and meaning systems within services, i.e. the nature of the relationship between the support worker and resident. Indeed, paid staff are often the only meaningful relationship that people with learning disability have in their lives. Such findings are discussed in light of existing theory, research and practice.

Research investigating the role of two evolutionary constructs – perceptions of defeat and entrapment – in various psychological problems and processes has burgeoned over recent years. This meta-analysis quantitatively summarised the findings from 38 studies (11,343 participants) which examined relationships between perceptions of defeat and entrapment and four psychological problems commonly encountered in NHS clinical services: depression, suicidality, anxiety problems and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). All correlations between defeat and entrapment and the four psychological problems were large by Cohen’s (1988) criterion. Correlations between defeat and entrapment and depression were larger than those for the other psychological problem groups, and significantly larger than those for anxiety problems and PTSD. The magnitude of the observed correlations introduces the possibility that defeat and entrapment, and perhaps other evolutionary constructs, may be integral components or driving forces behind all psychological problems. A robust approach to sensitivity analysis provided confidence that the population effect size estimates are robust and were not severely inflated by unpublished studies not included in the meta-analysis. As there was no significant between-study heterogeneity, moderator analyses were undertaken on an exploratory basis. Findings are generally consistent with theoretical predictions from the Involuntary Defeat Strategy, the theoretical model underpinning the literature. Overall, perceptions of defeat and entrapment appear to be strong risk factors for the four psychological problems examined, perhaps representing transdiagnostic processes that are common across various psychological problems. The potential role of defeat and entrapment in mental health assessment, formulation, intervention and evaluation, is considered in detail and limitations of this meta-analysis and of the literature on which it is based are discussed, highlighting areas of research where future work is needed.

Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos do Hatha Yoga em estresse, ansiedade, depressão e qualidade de vida de mulheres climatéricas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental, com abordagem analítica de ensaio controlado antes-edepois realizado no Centro Médico Social Comunitário (CMSC) Vila Lobato em Ribeirão Preto - SP, no período de julho a novembro de 2016. Foram incluídas no estudo mulheres entre 40 e 65 anos, que se consideravam estressadas, ansiosas ou depressivas e que desejavam praticar Yoga. Foram excluídas mulheres em fase aguda de qualquer condição clínica, grávidas, não alfabetizadas, não residentes em Ribeirão Preto, e que tinham praticado Yoga nos últimos seis meses. O período de intervenção foi de nove semanas. As participantes responderam um questionário sócio-demográfico para caracterização da amostra, e dois instrumentos: Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (EADS-21) para avaliar os níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão e Utian Quality of Life Scale (UQOL-BR) para avaliar a qualidade de vida no climatério. Ambos instrumentos foram aplicados em dois momentos; antes da primeira intervenção e uma semana após a última intervenção. Resultados: Um total de 27 participantes completaram todas as etapas do estudo com frequência média de 8,2 ± 0,7 aulas. As mulheres tinham em média 54,0± 8,0 anos. De acordo com o instrumento EADS-21, houve redução nos escores de depressão (Diferença das Médias: 2,7 IC95% 0,5 ; 4,9), ansiedade (Diferença das Médias: 1,5 IC95% 0,0 ; 3,1) e estresse (Diferença das Médias: 4,7 IC95% 3,3 ; 6,2). Quanto aos domínios de qualidade de vida avaliados no instrumento UQOL, observouse melhora no escore total de qualidade de vida (Diferença das Médias: -8,4 IC?95% -12,1 ; -4,5), nos aspectos ocupacional (Diferença das Médias: -2,8 IC?95% -4,4 ; - 1,2), saúde (Diferença das Médias: -2,8 IC? 95% -4,2 ; -1,3) e emocional (Diferença das Médias: -2,1 IC? 95% -3,7 ; -0,5). Não houve diferença no aspecto sexual de qualidade de vida (Diferença das Médias: -0,4 IC? 95% -1,4 ; 0,5). Ao analisar osresultados do EADS-21 na primeira etapa de coleta, foi identificado que 10 participantes não apresentavam escores compatíveis com estresse, ansiedade ou depressão. Logo foi realizado uma análise com 17 mulheres do grupo que tinham EADS-21 mostrando algum nível de estresse, ansiedade e depressão. O resultado do EADS-21 para esse subgrupo mostrou que houve melhora significativa nos níveis depressão (Dif. Médias: 4,2, IC 95% 0,9;7,5), ansiedade (Dif. Médias: 2,9 IC 95% 0,7;5,0) e estresse (Dif. Médias: 6,3 IC 95% 4,4;8,2). Quanto a melhora da qualidade de vida, a análise dos resultados do questionário UQOL-BR, apresentou melhora significativa no escore total de qualidade de vida (Dif. Médias -6,3 IC 95% -11,7;-0,2) e no aspecto emocional (Antes: 20,3 ± 1,1; Depois: 22,8 ± 0,7; Dif. Médias -2,5 IC 95% -4,8;-0,2). Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que um programa de Hatha Yoga pode contribuir para a redução de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em mulheres no climatério com melhora na qualidade de vida. / Objectives: Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Hatha Yoga on stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life of climacteric women. Methods: This is a quasiexperimental study, with an analytical approach of a before-and-after controlled trial conducted at the \"Centro Médico Social Comunitário (CMSC) Vila Lobato\" in Ribeirão Preto, SP, from July to November 2016. Women aged 40 to 65 years, who considered themselves stressed, anxious or depressed and who wanted to practice Yoga, were included in the study. Women in the acute phase of any clinical condition, pregnant, non-literate, not resident in Ribeirão Preto, and who had practiced Yoga in the last six months were excluded. The intervention period was nine weeks. The participants answered a socio-demographic questionnaire and were assessed through the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (EADS-21) and the Utian Quality of Life Scale (UQOL-BR). Both instruments were applied before the first and after the last Yoga class. Results: A total of 27 participants completed all proposed Yoga classes. The women had on average 54.0 ± 8.0 years. According to the EADS-21 instrument, there was a reduction in the depression scores (Mean Difference: 2.7 IC95% 0.5; 4.9), anxiety (Mean Difference: 1.5 95% CI 0.0 ; 3.1) and stress (Mean Difference: 4.7 IC95% 3.3, 6.2). Regarding the domains of quality of life evaluated in the UQOL instrument, there was an improvement in the total quality of life score (Mean Difference: -8.4 IC?95% -12.1; -4.5), in the occupational aspects (Mean Difference: -2.8 IC?95% - 4,4; -1,2), health (Mean Difference: -2.8 IC? 95% -4,2; -1,3) and emotional (Mean Difference: -2.1 IC 95% -3.7, -0.5). There was no difference in the sexual aspect of quality of life (Mean Difference: -0.4 IC? 95% -1.4; 0.5). Ten participants did not present increased EADS-21 before the intervention. A subgroup analysis of women with initial EADS-21 suggesting increased stress, anxiety and depression was performed. This subgroup analysis showed that there was a significant improvement in the EADS-21 domains: depression (Mean Difference: 4.2, 95% CI 0.9, 7.5), anxiety (MeanDifference: 2.9, CI 95% 0.7, 5.0) and stress (Mean Difference: 6.3, 95% CI 4.4, 8.2). Regarding the improvement of the quality of life, the analysis of the results of the UQOL-BR questionnaire showed a significant improvement in the total quality of life score (Mean Difference -6.3, CI 95% -11.7; -0.2) and in the emotional aspect (Before: 20.3 ± 1.1, After: 22.8 ± 0.7, Mean Difference -2.5 IC 95% -4.8, -0.2). Conclusion: The results suggest that a Hatha Yoga program may contribute to the reduction of depression, anxiety and stress in climacteric women with improvement in quality of life

Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos do Hatha Yoga em estresse, ansiedade, depressão e qualidade de vida de mulheres climatéricas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental, com abordagem analítica de ensaio controlado antes-edepois realizado no Centro Médico Social Comunitário (CMSC) Vila Lobato em Ribeirão Preto - SP, no período de julho a novembro de 2016. Foram incluídas no estudo mulheres entre 40 e 65 anos, que se consideravam estressadas, ansiosas ou depressivas e que desejavam praticar Yoga. Foram excluídas mulheres em fase aguda de qualquer condição clínica, grávidas, não alfabetizadas, não residentes em Ribeirão Preto, e que tinham praticado Yoga nos últimos seis meses. O período de intervenção foi de nove semanas. As participantes responderam um questionário sócio-demográfico para caracterização da amostra, e dois instrumentos: Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (EADS-21) para avaliar os níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão e Utian Quality of Life Scale (UQOL-BR) para avaliar a qualidade de vida no climatério. Ambos instrumentos foram aplicados em dois momentos; antes da primeira intervenção e uma semana após a última intervenção. Resultados: Um total de 27 participantes completaram todas as etapas do estudo com frequência média de 8,2 ± 0,7 aulas. As mulheres tinham em média 54,0± 8,0 anos. De acordo com o instrumento EADS-21, houve redução nos escores de depressão (Diferença das Médias: 2,7 IC95% 0,5 ; 4,9), ansiedade (Diferença das Médias: 1,5 IC95% 0,0 ; 3,1) e estresse (Diferença das Médias: 4,7 IC95% 3,3 ; 6,2). Quanto aos domínios de qualidade de vida avaliados no instrumento UQOL, observouse melhora no escore total de qualidade de vida (Diferença das Médias: -8,4 IC?95% -12,1 ; -4,5), nos aspectos ocupacional (Diferença das Médias: -2,8 IC?95% -4,4 ; - 1,2), saúde (Diferença das Médias: -2,8 IC? 95% -4,2 ; -1,3) e emocional (Diferença das Médias: -2,1 IC? 95% -3,7 ; -0,5). Não houve diferença no aspecto sexual de qualidade de vida (Diferença das Médias: -0,4 IC? 95% -1,4 ; 0,5). Ao analisar osresultados do EADS-21 na primeira etapa de coleta, foi identificado que 10 participantes não apresentavam escores compatíveis com estresse, ansiedade ou depressão. Logo foi realizado uma análise com 17 mulheres do grupo que tinham EADS-21 mostrando algum nível de estresse, ansiedade e depressão. O resultado do EADS-21 para esse subgrupo mostrou que houve melhora significativa nos níveis depressão (Dif. Médias: 4,2, IC 95% 0,9;7,5), ansiedade (Dif. Médias: 2,9 IC 95% 0,7;5,0) e estresse (Dif. Médias: 6,3 IC 95% 4,4;8,2). Quanto a melhora da qualidade de vida, a análise dos resultados do questionário UQOL-BR, apresentou melhora significativa no escore total de qualidade de vida (Dif. Médias -6,3 IC 95% -11,7;-0,2) e no aspecto emocional (Antes: 20,3 ± 1,1; Depois: 22,8 ± 0,7; Dif. Médias -2,5 IC 95% -4,8;-0,2). Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que um programa de Hatha Yoga pode contribuir para a redução de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em mulheres no climatério com melhora na qualidade de vida. / Objectives: Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Hatha Yoga on stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life of climacteric women. Methods: This is a quasiexperimental study, with an analytical approach of a before-and-after controlled trial conducted at the \"Centro Médico Social Comunitário (CMSC) Vila Lobato\" in Ribeirão Preto, SP, from July to November 2016. Women aged 40 to 65 years, who considered themselves stressed, anxious or depressed and who wanted to practice Yoga, were included in the study. Women in the acute phase of any clinical condition, pregnant, non-literate, not resident in Ribeirão Preto, and who had practiced Yoga in the last six months were excluded. The intervention period was nine weeks. The participants answered a socio-demographic questionnaire and were assessed through the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (EADS-21) and the Utian Quality of Life Scale (UQOL-BR). Both instruments were applied before the first and after the last Yoga class. Results: A total of 27 participants completed all proposed Yoga classes. The women had on average 54.0 ± 8.0 years. According to the EADS-21 instrument, there was a reduction in the depression scores (Mean Difference: 2.7 IC95% 0.5; 4.9), anxiety (Mean Difference: 1.5 95% CI 0.0 ; 3.1) and stress (Mean Difference: 4.7 IC95% 3.3, 6.2). Regarding the domains of quality of life evaluated in the UQOL instrument, there was an improvement in the total quality of life score (Mean Difference: -8.4 IC?95% -12.1; -4.5), in the occupational aspects (Mean Difference: -2.8 IC?95% - 4,4; -1,2), health (Mean Difference: -2.8 IC? 95% -4,2; -1,3) and emotional (Mean Difference: -2.1 IC 95% -3.7, -0.5). There was no difference in the sexual aspect of quality of life (Mean Difference: -0.4 IC? 95% -1.4; 0.5). Ten participants did not present increased EADS-21 before the intervention. A subgroup analysis of women with initial EADS-21 suggesting increased stress, anxiety and depression was performed. This subgroup analysis showed that there was a significant improvement in the EADS-21 domains: depression (Mean Difference: 4.2, 95% CI 0.9, 7.5), anxiety (MeanDifference: 2.9, CI 95% 0.7, 5.0) and stress (Mean Difference: 6.3, 95% CI 4.4, 8.2). Regarding the improvement of the quality of life, the analysis of the results of the UQOL-BR questionnaire showed a significant improvement in the total quality of life score (Mean Difference -6.3, CI 95% -11.7; -0.2) and in the emotional aspect (Before: 20.3 ± 1.1, After: 22.8 ± 0.7, Mean Difference -2.5 IC 95% -4.8, -0.2). Conclusion: The results suggest that a Hatha Yoga program may contribute to the reduction of depression, anxiety and stress in climacteric women with improvement in quality of life

Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005. / Vita. Bibliography: 160-174.