O uso e o tráfico de drogas, associados à violência, constituem-se numa das questões mais emblemáticas da sociedade contemporânea. Por acreditar na necessidade de realizar investigações e reflexões sobre este problema, visando subsidiar programas de promoção de saúde e cidadania através de um novo enfoque, realizei o presente estudo com os seguintes objetivos gerais: conhecer, sob o ponto de vista dos agentes participantes, as percepções e concepções relacionadas ao tráfico de drogas na cidade de Ribeirão Preto e região; e que tem por objetivos específicos, conhecer, sob o ponto de vista dos participantes: 1. as razões que levam as pessoas, principalmente os jovens, a se envolverem com o tráfico de drogas; 2. as percepções e concepções sobre a estrutura e/ou organização do tráfico de drogas, funções dos atores sociais envolvidos, inclusive com relação ao adolescente; 3. as apreciações sobre a violência relacionada ao tráfico de drogas e, em particular, sobre a participação do adolescente na mesma. Foram sujeitos deste estudo sete homens, com idades entre 27 e 60 anos, que têm ou já tiveram envolvimento no tráfico de drogas, na cidade de Ribeirão Preto e região. Os participantes foram intencionalmente escolhidos, levando-se em conta sua vinculação significativa com o problema investigado. Procedimento: a entrevista, com roteiro semi-estruturado, foi o principal instrumento para a coleta de dados. Foram realizadas vinte e três sessões de entrevistas individuais, no período de agosto de 2.001 a setembro de 2.002, e julho a agosto de 2.004. Como instrumentos complementares, foram utilizados registros em notas, em Diário de Campo, assim como, de narrativas fortuitas. Análise de dados: os dados obtidos foram analisados através de uma abordagem qualitativa, sob uma perspectiva compreensivista, a qual privilegia o ponto de vista dos agentes sociais envolvidos. O método de análise foi o de conteúdo temático. A análise dos dados mostrou os múltiplos motivos que podem levar alguém a envolverse com o tráfico de drogas, a partir do ponto de vista dos participantes. São razões que podem se dar isolada ou simultaneamente, e que, muitas vezes, se entrelaçam e se interpenetram. Nas concepções sobre a estrutura e a organização do tráfico de drogas, denominado por eles de “movimento", sobre os atores envolvidos e os papéis desempenhados, recolhi uma variedade extensa de categorias. Elas sugerem que o tráfico de drogas está em constante mutação; é dinâmico, improvisado e repleto de alternativas: fraciona-se, migra, difunde-se, escapa e, ainda, é permeado de símbolos e folclores. As apreciações dos participantes sobre a violência relacionada ao tráfico de drogas e, em particular, à participação do adolescente neste contexto, trouxeram relatos, reflexões e questionamentos sobre as mais diversas representações inseridas na dinâmica do tráfico de drogas. / The use of drugs and the drug dealing, associated with violence, are one of the most worrisome issues of our contemporary society. As a believer in the need of investigating and reflecting about such matters (in order to have subsidized programs which can promote health and citizenship based on a new focus) I have conducted the present study which points out the following: (a) general objectives: to know, from the agents' point of view, the perception and conceptions related to drug dealing in the city of Ribeirão Preto and in its surrounding areas and (b) specific objectives: to know, based on the agents' point of view: 1. the reasons why people, mainly the young ones, get involved with drug dealing; 2. the perception and conceptions on the drug dealing structure and/or its organization, the roles taken by the social actors including the aspect concerned teenagers; 3. considerations on violence related to drug dealing and, in particular, the the participation of teenagers in it. Seven adult men were subjects of this study, their ages ranged from 27 to 60 years old. They either have or had already been involved in drug dealing in the city mentioned above and in its surrounding areas. These participants have been carefully chosen as they played an important role and had an important link with the “problem" under study. Procedure: interviews guided by a semi-structured questionnaire were the main informational tool for the study’s data ollection. Twenty three individual interviews were accomplished from August 2001 and Septemper 2002, and also from July to August 2004. Additional data such as notes in the field diary, as well as fortuitous narratives were written or recorded. Data analysis: the gathered data have been analyzed through a qualitative approach, based on a comprehensivist perspective that grants privilege to the involved social agents' point of view. The method of analysis relies on the thematic content itself. Based on the participants’ opinion, the data analysis has shown the various reasons which can lead a person to get involved in drug dealing. Such reasons can happen as an isolated fact or happen simultaneously; and many times they entangle and interpenetrate into themselves. As to the conception of the drug dealing (referred by them as “movement") structure and organization, as well as of the actors involved and their respective roles, I have gathered a large amount of categories. They suggest that drug dealing changes constantly; it is dynamic, improvised and full of alternatives: it divides itself, moves to different places, spreads itself, escapes and, also, is surrounded by symbols and histories. The participants’ appreciation on violence related to drug dealing and, in particular, the participation of teenagers have revealed accounts, reflections and questionings ranging from the most diverse representations inserted in the drug dealing dynamics.

O uso e o tráfico de drogas, associados à violência, constituem-se numa das questões mais emblemáticas da sociedade contemporânea. Por acreditar na necessidade de realizar investigações e reflexões sobre este problema, visando subsidiar programas de promoção de saúde e cidadania através de um novo enfoque, realizei o presente estudo com os seguintes objetivos gerais: conhecer, sob o ponto de vista dos agentes participantes, as percepções e concepções relacionadas ao tráfico de drogas na cidade de Ribeirão Preto e região; e que tem por objetivos específicos, conhecer, sob o ponto de vista dos participantes: 1. as razões que levam as pessoas, principalmente os jovens, a se envolverem com o tráfico de drogas; 2. as percepções e concepções sobre a estrutura e/ou organização do tráfico de drogas, funções dos atores sociais envolvidos, inclusive com relação ao adolescente; 3. as apreciações sobre a violência relacionada ao tráfico de drogas e, em particular, sobre a participação do adolescente na mesma. Foram sujeitos deste estudo sete homens, com idades entre 27 e 60 anos, que têm ou já tiveram envolvimento no tráfico de drogas, na cidade de Ribeirão Preto e região. Os participantes foram intencionalmente escolhidos, levando-se em conta sua vinculação significativa com o problema investigado. Procedimento: a entrevista, com roteiro semi-estruturado, foi o principal instrumento para a coleta de dados. Foram realizadas vinte e três sessões de entrevistas individuais, no período de agosto de 2.001 a setembro de 2.002, e julho a agosto de 2.004. Como instrumentos complementares, foram utilizados registros em notas, em Diário de Campo, assim como, de narrativas fortuitas. Análise de dados: os dados obtidos foram analisados através de uma abordagem qualitativa, sob uma perspectiva compreensivista, a qual privilegia o ponto de vista dos agentes sociais envolvidos. O método de análise foi o de conteúdo temático. A análise dos dados mostrou os múltiplos motivos que podem levar alguém a envolverse com o tráfico de drogas, a partir do ponto de vista dos participantes. São razões que podem se dar isolada ou simultaneamente, e que, muitas vezes, se entrelaçam e se interpenetram. Nas concepções sobre a estrutura e a organização do tráfico de drogas, denominado por eles de “movimento”, sobre os atores envolvidos e os papéis desempenhados, recolhi uma variedade extensa de categorias. Elas sugerem que o tráfico de drogas está em constante mutação; é dinâmico, improvisado e repleto de alternativas: fraciona-se, migra, difunde-se, escapa e, ainda, é permeado de símbolos e folclores. As apreciações dos participantes sobre a violência relacionada ao tráfico de drogas e, em particular, à participação do adolescente neste contexto, trouxeram relatos, reflexões e questionamentos sobre as mais diversas representações inseridas na dinâmica do tráfico de drogas. / The use of drugs and the drug dealing, associated with violence, are one of the most worrisome issues of our contemporary society. As a believer in the need of investigating and reflecting about such matters (in order to have subsidized programs which can promote health and citizenship based on a new focus) I have conducted the present study which points out the following: (a) general objectives: to know, from the agents' point of view, the perception and conceptions related to drug dealing in the city of Ribeirão Preto and in its surrounding areas and (b) specific objectives: to know, based on the agents' point of view: 1. the reasons why people, mainly the young ones, get involved with drug dealing; 2. the perception and conceptions on the drug dealing structure and/or its organization, the roles taken by the social actors including the aspect concerned teenagers; 3. considerations on violence related to drug dealing and, in particular, the the participation of teenagers in it. Seven adult men were subjects of this study, their ages ranged from 27 to 60 years old. They either have or had already been involved in drug dealing in the city mentioned above and in its surrounding areas. These participants have been carefully chosen as they played an important role and had an important link with the “problem” under study. Procedure: interviews guided by a semi-structured questionnaire were the main informational tool for the study’s data ollection. Twenty three individual interviews were accomplished from August 2001 and Septemper 2002, and also from July to August 2004. Additional data such as notes in the field diary, as well as fortuitous narratives were written or recorded. Data analysis: the gathered data have been analyzed through a qualitative approach, based on a comprehensivist perspective that grants privilege to the involved social agents' point of view. The method of analysis relies on the thematic content itself. Based on the participants’ opinion, the data analysis has shown the various reasons which can lead a person to get involved in drug dealing. Such reasons can happen as an isolated fact or happen simultaneously; and many times they entangle and interpenetrate into themselves. As to the conception of the drug dealing (referred by them as “movement”) structure and organization, as well as of the actors involved and their respective roles, I have gathered a large amount of categories. They suggest that drug dealing changes constantly; it is dynamic, improvised and full of alternatives: it divides itself, moves to different places, spreads itself, escapes and, also, is surrounded by symbols and histories. The participants’ appreciation on violence related to drug dealing and, in particular, the participation of teenagers have revealed accounts, reflections and questionings ranging from the most diverse representations inserted in the drug dealing dynamics.

This thesis explores the Turkish book publishing industry within the framework of historical development of book publishing since Ottoman practice onwards and current structure of the Turkish book market. The aim of the thesis is to understand recent trends, developments, and problems in the Turkish book market, within its specific historical conditions and in a comparative method to the current structure of book publishing industry in developed countries where book publishing is a global business and highly integrated to other sectors of cultural commodity production. The hypothesis is that although there have been profound changes in the Turkish book publishing sector on the way towards industrialization during recent decade, especially after 2000s / book publishing in Turkey remained an &quot / infant industry&quot / and Turkish book publishing market is still unsaturated as a result of serious problems continuing in different cycles of circulating capital in the Turkish book market and in preconditions of profit-maximization and capital accumulation processes / impediments on the creation of a large mass of readers and new genres / lack of an industrial organization of book production and business, and belated developments in regulative-legal framework in copyright regime.

<p>U radu se iskazuje potreba za obavljanjem reinţenjeringa preduzeća (RP), kao radikalno novog totalnog procesnog organizovanja preduzeća sa tendencijom ostvarivanja TQM-a (totalno procesno organizovanje preduzeća po prvi put je inţenjering preduzeća (IR)). Takođe, u radu se daje odgovarajuća metodologija za obavljanje inţenjeringa I reinţenjeringa preduzeća i iskazuje ĉinjenica da obavljanje svakog inţenjeringa i reinţenjeringa preduzeća, kao i funkcionisanje TQM-a podrazumeva postojanje menadţmenta u preduzeću koji se stalno inovira.<br />Rad istiĉe ĉinjenicu da u procesnom organizovanju preduzeća treba da se razlikuje selekcionistiĉki pristup koji prvenstveno odgovara naprednim preduzećima u razvijenoj svetskoj privredi i totalistiĉki pristup, koji rad obrađuje, a koji prevashodno odgovara svim ostalim preduzećima. Osnovni kriterijum koji odreĊuje kad koji pristup treba da bude upotrebljen je kvalitet posedovanne marketin&scaron;ke organizacione culture. Ako je posedovana marketin&scaron;ka organizaciona kultura zadovoljavajuća onda za ostvarivanje procesnog organizovanja treba da bude upotrebljen postojeći selekcionistiĉki pristup, dok u suprotnom sluĉaju, koji je daleko rasprostranjeni, treba da bude primenjen totalistiĉki pristup, koga rad obrađuje.<br />U radu je obrađen model za identifikaciju kvaliteta postojeće marketin&scaron;ke organizacione kulture preduzeća i iskazan naĉin pokretanja reinţenjeringa na primeru konkretnog preduzeća sloţenog karaktera i naĉin kako se identifikuju koristi od njegovog obavljanja u poĉetnoj fazi obavljanja (prve dve godine od njegovog pokretanja).<br />Obavljeno istraţivanje je prevashodno analitiĉko deskriptivnog karaktera u okviru kog se dokazivanje postavljenih operativnih hipoteza vr&scaron;ilo po odgovarajućim radnim poglavljima koja nose njihove nazive. Takođe, u sklopu obavljanja istraţivanja data su odgovarajuća razja&scaron;njenja pojmova: vizija, misija, op&scaron;ti cilj, strategija ostvarivanja op&scaron;teg cilja, identifikovanje radne strukture i strukture radnih procesa, modeliranje poslovne strukture i strukture poslovnih procesa, i definisanje procesne organizacione strukture preduzeća sa uspostavljanjem novog baziĉnog marketin&scaron;ki orjentisanog organizacionog modela. Ostvarivanje ovakvog organizacionog poduhvata definisano je odgovarajućom specijalnom grafiĉkom interpretacijom. Na primeru jednog sloţenog preduzeća dokazano je, kroz poĉetne rezultate, da jedan ovakav pristup daje zadovoljavajuće rezultate.</p> / <p>The paper shows the need for the re-engineering of the company (RP), as performing a radical new process of organizing the total tendency of TQM implementation, called Enterprise Engineering (IE). It also provides an appropriate methodology for their performing and reflect the fact that the performance of each engineering and re-engineering enterprises, as well as the functioning of TQM, implies the existence of management in a company, that is constantly innovating.<br />The paper highlights the fact that in the process organizing the company we shoulddistinguish differ process selection approach (that is suitable for advanced enterprises in developed world economy) and totalistic approach (which mainly corresponds to other companies). The main criterion that determines when that approach should be used, is the quality of subsumed marketing organizational culture. If the marketing possessed organizational culture is satisfactory then for the process of organizing should be used selection approach, while in the opposite case, which is far distributed, should be applied totalistic approach, which this paper deals with.<br />The paper describes a model for identification the quality of the existing marketing organizational culture, of the company and shown the way to start re-engineering through example of a particular complex company and find way how to identify the benefits of its performance in the beginning phase (the first two years of its launch).<br />Conducted research has primarily analytical-descriptive character, within which is done proving the set of operational hypotheses through relevant chapters which take their names. Also, through research performing are given adequate clarifications of terms: vision, mission, objective, strategy for achieving public goals, identifying the labor structure and structure of work processes, modeling the business structure and the structure of business processes, defining process organized structure of the company to establish a new base market oriented organizational model. The exercise of such organizational enterprise defines appropriate special graphical interpretation.</p>