Le travail de recherche qui suit vise à l’obtention d’une méthodologie opératoire propre à faire évoluer la culture organisationnelle d’une firme dans le domaine de l’activité inventive, en particulier en opérant un transfert culturel à partir du monde académique. Il s’agit de construire un procédé de recueil et d’explicitation des connaissances inventives ayant abouti à une conception nouvelle, puis à exploiter en interne les résultats de ce premier procédé en appliquant ceux-ci à un second procédé ayant la dimension d’un apprentissage organisationnel. Le dispositif expérimental présenté a visé à réaliser la validation des hypothèses formulées. L’étude de cas dans notre organisation a permis de concrétiser, sur la base du bilan de l’évolution temporelle du patrimoine intellectuel inventif, l’approche de la créativité stimulée par les connaissances dans un cadre limité à trois domaines de connaissance et où l’on vise une innovation incrémentale. Ce mécanisme met en jeu individuellement et collégialement un ensemble d’acteurs impliqués dans l’inventaire préalable du patrimoine intellectuel inventif et dans son évolution stratégique au sens de l’organisation. En outre, ce travail introduit une vision peu commune de l’activité de R & T d’une organisation industrielle, vision où l’approche par la connaissance non contextuelle se substitue aux approches contextuelles usuelles par produits et services. Cette méthodologie opératoire s’appuie sur une approche conceptuelle de la créativité appliquée à la création de connaissances inventives. Cette création de connaissances est interprétée comme une mutation épistémologique déclenchée par la nature profondément paradoxale de la créativité. Le (futur) créateur doit porter en lui l’essence d’une oeuvre constituant la future création, la créativité lui permettant d’identifier cette essence par abstraction et l’inventivité lui permettant de donner performativement une Forme à cette abstraction. La mise au jour de liens puissamment opératoires entre des domaines peu mis en regard jusqu’alors, ceux de la Créativité/Inventivité, du Patrimoine Intellectuel et de l’Ingénierie des Connaissances fournit de solides fondations à l’approche conceptuelle de la création de connaissances inventives, ainsi qu’à de nombreuses perspectives de recherches supplémentaires. / The following research work aims at getting an operational methodology able to make firm’s organizational culture progress in the inventive activity field, especially through a cultural transfer from academic world. The point is first building a process gathering and making explicit inventive knowledge which succeeded in a new design. Then, results coming out of this first process are applied to a second process featuring organizational learning. We described an experimental plan dedicated to the validation of the research hypotheses that we formulated. The case study based on our own organization was the opportunity to get a first operational validation of Knowledge-based innovation method applied to a 3-knowledge domain configuration for incremental innovation. Creativity stimulation was operated through the time-evolution synthesis of intangible inventive intellectual corpus. This mechanism both individually and collectively involves numerous actors already solicited for the preliminary inventory of inventive intellectual corpus and for its strategic evolution according to the firm.Moreover, this work brings an usual view on industrial R & T activity, where non contextual knowledge approach is substituted to conventional contextual approach bases on products. This operational methodology is based on a conceptual approach of creativity applied to the generation of inventive knowledge, which is seen as an epistemological mutation triggered by the most paradoxical nature of creativity. The (future) creator must house in himself the essence of intellectual work which will be the future creation: creativity allows him to identify this essence by abstraction and inventivity allows him to performatively give a Form to this abstraction. By revealing strongly operative links between poorly linked domains(Creativity/Inventivity, Intellectual Corpus, Knowledge Management), solid foundations are brought to the conceptual approach of inventive knowledge generation and to numerous perspectives of extra research.

According to Harvard Business Essentials (2006) an organisation is a series of decisions linked by implementation and other activities. Decisions set the pace and direction; the rest is follow through. Paul Nutt has been studying how decisions are made for more than 20 years and have found that decisions fail half of the time, without realising any benefit for the organisation (Nutt, 2002). Decision making is an essential part of the management function of an organisation. But why do so many decisions fail? Why does the outcome of decisions sometimes not satisfy the initial problem or support the organisation’s goal? Four decision making processes were analysed for this dissertation, the conclusion was drawn that current decision making processes do not incorporate a clear system approach. The dissertation shows that a system approach, as defined by systems engineering,satisfies the need for ensuring decisions are made taking into account a holistic picture. By following a system approach when making a decision, a bigger picture view can be obtained. Having a bigger picture view, will aid the decision maker in identifying whether the decision to make is indeed the right decision to be made, or merely a symptom of another decision or problem. A system approach aids the decision maker to determine where the decision to be taken fits in and what impact it will have on the system. A system approach to decision making process was designed, incorporating the strengths of the decision making process and system approach methodologies researched. The system approach methodology can be applied successfully to management decisions. By using this methodology a holistic view is obtained of a decision regarding a problem, resulting in effectively handling and managing the decision or problem. / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Graduate School of Technology Management / unrestricted

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This diploma thesis is focused on the application of a system approach, which was configured by the author. Configured approach was used to analyze project of implementation of data warehouse tool. Dynamics of the project delivery system was shown by causal loop diagram and then by system dynamics model. Thesis defined and used terms like system, system complexity, system approach, system approach configuration, causal loop diagram, system dynamics model, system archetype of shifting the burden, data warehouse and its definition against a database definition, project, project organizational structures, methods and their necessity in implementation of information systems projects, feasibility of the information system projects and problems with measurement of project performance. Time-proportional simulation of system dynamics model quantified effects of factors and also quantified different results of project implementation approaches. Based on the analyzed project was provided a brief general recommendations for information systems projects.

Este trabalho de dissertação é um estudo sobre os aspectos relevantes tanto das tecnologias da informação quanto das estratégias na competitividade do sistema agroindustrial do leite, tendo como objetivo central, diagnosticar as barreiras e os fluxos de informações estratégicas existentes neste setor para uma avaliação nos micros, pequenos e médios laticínios para que estes se tornem mais competitivos. Inicialmente, é realizada uma breve descrição e caracterização de como se encontra o sistema agroindustrial do leite no âmbito econômico nacional, tornando assim, mais claro as razões pelas quais se torna necessário este estudo. O tema é, então, enfocado através da sistematização dos principais conceitos sobre estratégia e tecnologia da informação citados na literatura. Após, é enfocado de um modo geral, o cenário industrial brasileiro. Com isto, o suporte para um levantamento de dados específico sobre o sistema agroindustrial do leite está configurado; através de figuras e tabelas são mostrados dados estatísticos do mercado nacional e internacional e os motivos pelos quais o Brasil não é o primeiro no ranking mundial. Dados esses extraídos de autores. De posse desses dados, para a realização da pesquisa, caracterizou-se como sendo exploratória na consecução de seus objetivos e qualitativa para os procedimentos de coleta de dados. Com a aplicação de entrevistas estruturadas, através de um roteiro de perguntas elaboradas (utilizando-se do recurso das variáveis ambientais) chegou-se a um resultado. Com estes resultados obtidos pôde-se fazer uma comparação entre os autores pesquisados, e percebeu-se que, na pesquisa empírica, a caracterização dos laticínios se apresentam semelhantes a estes autores, ou seja, a ausência de uma fiscalização mais rígida compromete toda a cadeia produtiva do leite. O fator tecnologia da informação é essencial como estratégia competitiva, pois pôde-se notar nos médios laticínios ) a sua utilização em todos os departamentos, inclusive com ambientes intranet e extranet. Sendo considerada as restrições existentes na pesquisa, pode ser contatado que as estratégias e as tecnologias da informação dependem de outros fatores para impulsionar os micros e pequenos laticínios. / This dissertation work is a study on the important aspects so much of the technologies of the information as of the strategies in the competitiveness of the system agroindustrial of the milk, tends as central objective, to diagnose the barriers and the flows of existent strategic information in this section for an evaluation in the micro, small and medium dairy products for these they become more competitive. Initially, it is accomplished an abbreviation description and characterization of as is the system approach of the milk in the national economical ambit, turning like this, clearer the reasons for the which becomes necessary this study. The theme is, then, focused through the systematization of the principal concepts on strategy and technology of the information mentioned in the literature. After, it is focused in a general way, the Brazilian industrial scenery. With this, the support for a rising of data specific on the system approach of the milk is configured; through illustrations and tables are shown data statisticians of the national and international market and the reasons by the which Brazil is not the first in the world ranking. Data those extracted of authors. Of ownership of those data, for the accomplishment of the research, it was characterized as being exploratory in the attainment of your objectives and qualitative for the procedures of collection of data. With the application of structured interviews, through a route of elaborated questions (being used of the resource of the environmental variables) it was arrived to a result. With these obtained results it could be made a comparison among the researched authors, and it was noticed that, in the empiric research, the characterization of the dairy products comes similar to these authors, in other words, the absence of a more rigid fiscalization commits the whole productive chain of the milk. The factor technology of the information is essential as competitive strategy, because it could be noticed in the medium dairy products your use in all the departments, besides with atmospheres intranet and extranet. Being considered the existent restrictions in the research, it can be verified that the strategies and the technologies of the information depend on other factors to impel the micro and small dairy products.

Many optimization problems can be formulated as second order cone programming (SOCP) problems. Theoretical results show that applying interior-point method (IPM) to SOCP has global polynomial convergence. However, various stability issues arise in the implementation of IPM. The standard normal equation based implementation of IPM encounters stability problems in the computation of search direction. In this paper, an augmented system approach is proposed to overcome the stability problems. Numerical experiments show that the new approach can improve the stability. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

Background: Research into the benefits of exercise for individuals with Bipolar Disorder (BD) is limited and no current guidelines exist around recommending exercise during a hypomanic/manic state. The Behavioural Activation System (BAS) dysregulation theory is a popular model that attempts to explain the link between approach motivation (AM) and the difficulties that individuals with BD experience. It may offer an explanation for the ‘upward spiral’ reported by individuals with a diagnosis of BD in response to certain types and intensities of exercise. This study looked to investigate the impact of different intensities of exercise on the maintenance of AM levels. The presence of hypomanic traits and how these interacted between AM and exercise was also of interest. Method: Participants filled out an online pre-screening questionnaire identifying hypomanic traits. 61 then completed a computer task designed to induce higher levels of AM before taking part in one of three 15 minute activities (sedentary, moderate exercise or vigorous exercise). Various measures linked to hypomanic symptoms were taken during testing. Results The main findings indicated that vigorous exercise significantly increased individuals AM levels in comparison to moderate or no exercise. This relationship was not however found to be moderated by the presence of hypomanic traits. Conclusions: Vigorous exercise seems to have a greater impact on AM levels regardless of an individual’s levels of hypomanic traits. This has implications in terms of the type of exercise should engage in when experiencing hypomania. Any recommendations however within this study should be taken in light of the limitations identified. Further research replicating these results with a larger sample or using a BD population are recommended.

Este trabalho de dissertação é um estudo sobre os aspectos relevantes tanto das tecnologias da informação quanto das estratégias na competitividade do sistema agroindustrial do leite, tendo como objetivo central, diagnosticar as barreiras e os fluxos de informações estratégicas existentes neste setor para uma avaliação nos micros, pequenos e médios laticínios para que estes se tornem mais competitivos. Inicialmente, é realizada uma breve descrição e caracterização de como se encontra o sistema agroindustrial do leite no âmbito econômico nacional, tornando assim, mais claro as razões pelas quais se torna necessário este estudo. O tema é, então, enfocado através da sistematização dos principais conceitos sobre estratégia e tecnologia da informação citados na literatura. Após, é enfocado de um modo geral, o cenário industrial brasileiro. Com isto, o suporte para um levantamento de dados específico sobre o sistema agroindustrial do leite está configurado; através de figuras e tabelas são mostrados dados estatísticos do mercado nacional e internacional e os motivos pelos quais o Brasil não é o primeiro no ranking mundial. Dados esses extraídos de autores. De posse desses dados, para a realização da pesquisa, caracterizou-se como sendo exploratória na consecução de seus objetivos e qualitativa para os procedimentos de coleta de dados. Com a aplicação de entrevistas estruturadas, através de um roteiro de perguntas elaboradas (utilizando-se do recurso das variáveis ambientais) chegou-se a um resultado. Com estes resultados obtidos pôde-se fazer uma comparação entre os autores pesquisados, e percebeu-se que, na pesquisa empírica, a caracterização dos laticínios se apresentam semelhantes a estes autores, ou seja, a ausência de uma fiscalização mais rígida compromete toda a cadeia produtiva do leite. O fator tecnologia da informação é essencial como estratégia competitiva, pois pôde-se notar nos médios laticínios ) a sua utilização em todos os departamentos, inclusive com ambientes intranet e extranet. Sendo considerada as restrições existentes na pesquisa, pode ser contatado que as estratégias e as tecnologias da informação dependem de outros fatores para impulsionar os micros e pequenos laticínios. / This dissertation work is a study on the important aspects so much of the technologies of the information as of the strategies in the competitiveness of the system agroindustrial of the milk, tends as central objective, to diagnose the barriers and the flows of existent strategic information in this section for an evaluation in the micro, small and medium dairy products for these they become more competitive. Initially, it is accomplished an abbreviation description and characterization of as is the system approach of the milk in the national economical ambit, turning like this, clearer the reasons for the which becomes necessary this study. The theme is, then, focused through the systematization of the principal concepts on strategy and technology of the information mentioned in the literature. After, it is focused in a general way, the Brazilian industrial scenery. With this, the support for a rising of data specific on the system approach of the milk is configured; through illustrations and tables are shown data statisticians of the national and international market and the reasons by the which Brazil is not the first in the world ranking. Data those extracted of authors. Of ownership of those data, for the accomplishment of the research, it was characterized as being exploratory in the attainment of your objectives and qualitative for the procedures of collection of data. With the application of structured interviews, through a route of elaborated questions (being used of the resource of the environmental variables) it was arrived to a result. With these obtained results it could be made a comparison among the researched authors, and it was noticed that, in the empiric research, the characterization of the dairy products comes similar to these authors, in other words, the absence of a more rigid fiscalization commits the whole productive chain of the milk. The factor technology of the information is essential as competitive strategy, because it could be noticed in the medium dairy products your use in all the departments, besides with atmospheres intranet and extranet. Being considered the existent restrictions in the research, it can be verified that the strategies and the technologies of the information depend on other factors to impel the micro and small dairy products.

Necessary for the existence of every successful organization is achieving its objectives. In order to achieve these objectives, the organization must be properly managed. In today's rapidly changing times, one of the key areas of managerial work is also use various tools to support management and decisive actions. One of these tools include model development and subsequent implementation of the model simulations. Models provide the ability to experiment with various decisions, and thereby provide a basis for establishing appropriate policies and strategies. And these models properties can be used in the management of organizations. For creation of models exist many different approaches. One of these approaches is systems approach, which is including system dynamics. The task of this text was to establish a framework for the formation of systemic management model any organization that would help managers to improve management of the organization. To achieve this goals is necessary to develope general model of organization elements, describe their possible links and determine methodology of creating a system model of the organization.

No description available.