The aim of the thesis is to make a resume for a view of body and corporality in relationship with the existence and cognition aspect to res cogitans and res extensa. The issue provides analysis of Cartesian's world extension and its reach over to present time through symbols, medicines and religion. Simultaneously the essence of authentic life in the truth as the most important essence and sense of life's existence is given as well. Keywords: Body, corporality, body scheme, truth, authenticity

(in English): The diploma thesis deals with the specific conception of body and corporeality in fairy tales, especially with morbid elements which are often reflected as non-fairy tale. The fairy tales of Karel Jaromír Erben, Hans Christian Andersen and Oscar Wilde are the main focus. The thesis also introduces the theory of the Swiss scholar Max Lüthi formulated in The European Folktale: Form and Nature into the Czech context. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical section provides a complex explication of Max Lüthi's theory of the fairy tale. It examines the main terms that Luthi defined for the fairy tale: One-dimensionality, Depthlessness, Abstract Style, Isolation and Universal Interconnection, Sublimation and All-Inclusiveness. Then the frame of this theory is extended into the field of the authorial fairy tale. The diploma thesis then sums up the differences and the points of contact between those two subgenres using The Story of the Eldest Princess as an example. The practical part focuses on relevant strategies of handling the body and corporeality in fairy tales. The last chapter deals with techniques of breaking the surface of the fairy tale characters' bodies, with internal destruction of the body and with the elements in between. All is...

This thesis examines the issues of body, embodiment and indentity in relation to the novel Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk. The duality between speech and embodiment is explored in depth, both in the story of the novel and in the author's narrative style. Furthermore, the issue of power in relation to the society as well as towards one's own identity is discussed.

The main topic of the master thesis is the exploration of a process of learning and acquitision of skills. In fact these processes are the important parts of a human life indeed. The issue of this topic is being considered through a different but certainly related topic - the rules and their function. The first part of this thesis consists of the analyses of several points of view on the topic of rules as a whole. The introduction of the thesis is supplemented with the theory of S. Blackmore speaking about the meaning of mems in our lifes. After the first part, where the work of J. Peregrin "A Man and rules" is analised, the other bigger charter begins with the analysis of M. Merleau-Ponty point of view on a human body and embodiment - the essence of a human being. In fact the studies of S. Curtiss and A. S. Benzaquen are the sources of the particular cases that are closely connected with the topic of the previous chapters of the thesis and that close the thesis.

The aim of my diploma thesis is to give an insight into the social reality of lightly tattooed people as well as those, who are just considering tattoo. Of people, for whom is tattoo neither a lifestyle nor only the fashion trend that recently penetrating into the mainstream culture. Presenting attitudes and opinions of these tattooed and potentially tattooed people the thesis tries to elucidate, what does it mean for them to be tattooed, if there are any concrete values and meanings connected with tattoo, how tattooed understand and reflect a possibility of conflict with the social norms and if the risk of this conflict somehow influences the decision of getting a tattoo. Main current approaches to the phenomenon of tattoo, historical development and changes of its situation in western culture are introduced in the theoretical part. The empirical part then draws on data acquired from semi-structured interviews with tattooed and potentially tattooed living in Czech Republic.

The intention of this doctoral thesis is to present a comprehensive account of the evolution of the way sex and sexuality are portrayed in modern Arabic novel and put it in the context of given era, culture and religion. On a selected sample of 30 novels printed between 1934 and 2009 we can trace clear evolution of the central themes, all of which are constantly present throughout the hundred-years-existence of modern Arabic novel. For the sake of greater comprehensibility the thesis is split in two big parts, i.e. female and male sexuality, and further arranged into thematic subchapters all of which discuss specific issues related either to male or female sexuality. Furthermore, individual chapters deal with the topic in general, put it in proper cultural-religious framework and fill in all available historical and statistical data. Next comes the part dedicated to analysis of selected novels portraying sex a sexuality with excerpts translated directly from primary sources. Aside from peculiar themes typical for Arabic culture such as honor, virginity and related issue of honor killings this thesis discusses the way modern Arabic novels deals with both female and male homosexuality, discovering one's body and masturbation, abortion, sexual violence, impotence, infertility and prostitution. Also it...

This work aims to pursue the roots and sources of intentionality. Intentional structure of consciousness is the very core of Edmund Husserl's phenomenology and plays the main role since his Logical investigations. The problem of intentionality is complicated and complex and resonates through the Husserl lifelong work Our starting point is Husserl's late work Erfahrung und Urteil. The reason why we choose this work is twofold. First, this work shows the thoughts which result from the life long investigation of problematics. And the second reason is, this work hasn't been the subject of examination as much as Husserl's earlier works so far. The key to our work is the perspective in which every phenomenon shows. That's the reason, why we follow intentionality in three perspectives, which gradually uncovers itselves. The first perspective is the descent from acts of judgment to the original layers of intentionality. This brings us to the second perspective, which is the instinctive intentionality. This is the subject of following part of our work. The exposing of instinctive intentionality underlines the role of embodiment. The importance of embodiment in regard to intentionality is the final perspective. We investigate this with help of Maurice Merleau-Ponty Phenomenology of perception. This will...

My diploma thesis mainly deals with monitoring Ayurveda and description of this phenomena in specific situations and contexts. Ayurveda is understood as an entity based on the actor network theory and the symmetrical anthropology which has been constructed in a process of mutual relationships of actors alleging of various natures (material, social, discursive). The main focus is on the ways of setting and redefining of boundaries of Ayurveda as such which have been realized through identification of significant parts related to this process. It was decided to define the key actors as the Teacher, the Doctrine, the Ayurveda Institution, approaches to human body by alimentation, yoga and breath exercise and Ayurvedic medicines. Each chapter is dedicated to both elements and practices influencing these key actors and different ways of their realization. Ayurveda in its entirety is intervened by members of the community, canonical Ayurvedic texts, biomedicine, national and EUs legislative, climate, politics of Institution, individual daily routines and collective scope of interpretation. 1

Although Merleau-Ponty did not write a book that would explicitly deal with the philosophy of nature, it is clear - thanks to the published transcripts of lectures at the College de France - that he considered this issue to be very important. A philosophy which in its anthropological and ontological concepts overlooks nature is not able to give, according to Merleau-Ponty, a realistic picture of human existence. If the philosophy of nature is not to be subordinated to metaphysics or exact science, it must be based on thinking about our physical, and therefore perceptual- emotional being in the world. Part of this interest in nature is also an interest in non-human animals who bodily inhabit the natural world and relate to it in their own way, although they may share significant biological and behavioral traits with us. In Merleau-Ponty's philosohy, the phenomenology of not only human corporeality and vitality meets with considerations of the being of nature, and the reflection of certain scientific conceptions meets with the clarification of the philosophical concept of nature.

Key words: dance - body - corporeality - dance aesthetics - aesthetic experience - phenomenology - Maxine Sheets-Johnstone - contemporary dance Abstact: Dance's various forms and appearances are connected through one universal aspect - the presence of corporeality as represented by the moving human body. The role and the experience of body is essential for the description of dance even in its aesthetical and philosophical interpretation. First of all, this diploma theses aims to map the field of aesthetics and philosophy of dance from wider historical perspective and consequently to find support in dance basic division and its connected experiences in practice of inner ecstatic immersion. Furthermore, the focus is also given to the type of experience that is subordinated to visual effect of dance. This foundation is further elaborated in second part of this thesis, which discusses dance experience in its aesthetic dimension through context of phenomenological philosophy in thinking of Maxine Sheets-Johnstone. This concept of dance reveals other important qualities in dance as an art. In addition, it shows one of novel approaches to corporeality in the aesthetic experience of dance, which could built on the dichotomous differentiation of the dance experience and open new perspectives on the aesthetic...