No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:26:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dias_ra_dr_guara.pdf: 2310980 bytes, checksum: 56d56c7167fc9de0ceaa3ddb17fa8a20 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / As iniciativas destinadas ao uso racional da energia, em virtude da característica integradora de conceitos desse tema, revelam-se tanto nas ações mais elementares, como a eliminação do desperdício, quanto nas análises mais rebuscadas, envolvendo estudos técnico-econômicos para a escolha de uma determinada intervenção. Nesse leque de opções, a educação é um elemento sempre lembrado e tido como condição de significativa importância para levar adiante a mudança de valores dos consumidores de energia em prol da economia de recursos naturais e de capital. Todavia, a abordagem educacional do uso racional da energia, apesar das iniciativas pioneiras, necessita ser focalizada no indivíduo, no que se refere aos processos afetivos e cognitivos, para posteriormente agregar as informações de caráter técnico, visandose o incentivo à ação social. Para esse desenvolvimento, além dos estudos oriundos das atividades do setor energético, agregaram-se informações de domínio da psicologia e da educação, balizando-se pela legislação vigente e pelos critérios paramétricos da educação no Brasil. A característica transversal do tema, através do ensino contextualizado, cria condições favoráveis à construção do conhecimento a respeito da energia e seu uso e, portanto, tem potencial de promover o desenvolvimento sustentável pela cidadania. O presente modelo educacional para a conservação da energia tem o objetivo de contribuir com o setor energético visando sistematizar os conteúdos nos ensinos fundamental, médio e superior a partir de ferramentas efetivas para os processos de ensino-aprendizagem, auxiliando os educadores desses segmentos no planejamento do ensino. / The initiatives aimed to energy conservation, due to its integrating characteristics, conduct many actions, since the energy waste elimination to the most sophisticated tool of intervention, as viability studies. In this range of options, the education always is remembered, because it is an important way to get the change of human values in a favor to save natural resources and capital. However, the educational broach of rational energy use, in spite of pioneering actions, needs to be person focused, relatively to the affective and cognitive process, to aggregate subsequently the technical information, looking for the social actions. For this development, beyond studies with origin in energy sector, information of psychology and educational domain was considered, aligning with present Brazilian legislation and educational parametric criteria. The transverse characteristic of this topic, by a contextualized teaching, create favorable conditions to knowledge build in relation to energy and its consumption and, hence, it has potential to promote the sustainable development by citizenship. The present educational model to the energy conservation has the objective to contribute with energy sector, in direction to systematize the contents at fundamental, middle and superior educational levels, starting from effective tools in teaching and learning process, helping teachers in these segments at teach planning. KEYWORDS: Energy conservation, teaching for citizenship, education.

The intentions expressed by second career individuals about entering the field of education, to make a difference in the lives of young people, mirror many of the philosophical frameworks of teaching for democracy that are found in the literature (Banks, 2005; Nieto, 1999; Dewey, 1916; Parker, 2003). An interest in how the interconnections of teaching to make a difference and teaching for democracy are enacted in second career teacher's classrooms. Four dimensions of teaching for democracy are suggested as a model of socially responsive teaching to study how teaching to make difference is enacted in the beliefs and practices of two second career teachers. The four dimensions include: 1) An ethic of care (Noddings, 1994); 2) Reflexive action (Grant & Zeichner, 1996; Schon, 1987); 3) Learning communities (Brooks & Brooks, 1999; Nieto, 1999; Richardson, 1997); and 4) Managed chaos (Bruner, 1986; Jenlink, 2004).Qualitative case study research was conducted to investigate how two newly certified second career male teachers articulate the beliefs they hold and conduct their practices to teach all children. From the constant comparison analysis common themes of classroom environment, curricular choices, and instructional approaches were identified and anchored the development of the cases. Across cases, the theme of 'life history' emerged as influential in the beliefs and practices to teach to make a difference. An extended analysis was conducted across cases to examine the links of the four dimensions of teaching for democracy present in the stories of each teacher's first year of teaching.Findings of this research study indicates 'life history' impacts the beliefs and practices of second career teachers to teach all students and can be linked to dimensions of teaching for democracy. Students' personal stories are sources for understanding and enhancing an awareness of racial, cultural, and economic diversity in teacher preparation programs (LaBoskey, 2006). This understanding is at the heart of the democratic ideal and a fundamental belief of those "directly responsible for ...creating and sustaining processes of conscious, self-guided evolution...the design of a future society" (Jenlink, 2002, p. 395).

The aim of this study was three-fold: first, to describe pre-service teachers&rsquo / (i) critical thinking levels, (ii) attitudes towards teaching for critical thinking, and (iii) self-efficacy beliefs in teaching for critical thinking in terms of performance and outcome efficacy beliefs / secondly, to investigate whether there was a correlation between these three variables / and finally, to examine the relationship between participants&rsquo / certain background variables and their critical thinking levels, attitudes and self efficacy beliefs in teaching for critical thinking. A cross-sectional survey design was employed. The participants of the study were senior pre-service teachers from fourteen state universities across the seven geographical regions in Turkey. Quantitative data were collected by means of (i) a critical thinking test, (ii) an attitude scale, (iii) a self-efficacy scale with two subscales: performance efficacy and outcome efficacy, and (iv) a participant profile form, all of which were designed by the researcher. Both descriptive and inferential statistics (MANOVA) were used. Results indicated that pre-service teachers&rsquo / critical thinking levels were &lsquo / below average&rsquo / however, they had a moderately positive attitude towards and a moderate level of self efficacy in teaching for critical thinking. The correlation analyses indicated that there was a moderate degree of positive correlation between teachers&rsquo / attitude and self efficacy beliefs towards critical thinking. Finally, the results of MANOVA analyses indicated that pre-service teachers&rsquo / gender and level of motivation towards teaching had no impact on their critical thinking levels, attitudes or self efficacy beliefs in teaching for critical thinking. On the other hand, major, academic achievement, high school background, father&rsquo / s level of education, reading behaviour, and prior training in critical thinking had impacts of varying degrees on one or more of the dependent variables.

Through a singular case study, this research enquiry seeks to explore teacher perceptions about the development of a concept-based curriculum program (called as the Conceptual Curriculum by the school), in the context of an International Baccalaureate (IB) World school in the Middle East, and the intended and unintended outcomes of the initiative. The study employs Bernstein’s (1975) theories of classification and framing, and curriculum recontextualization, as an analytical framework to interpret findings. The study is informed through methods such as reading and analyzing of curriculum documents, conducting semi-structured interviews, and the distribution of a web-based questionnaire to teachers. Findings in this research inquiry revealed that, though teachers expressed the experience of creating and delivering the Conceptual Curriculum as sometimes being challenging and frustrating, a vast majority of the teachers prefer a flexible curriculum framework versus a prescriptive curriculum. However, findings also revealed that, though teachers seem to enjoy the freedom and flexibility of working with broad curricular frameworks as opposed to prescriptive curricula, there seem to be some fundamental questions pertinent to curriculum recontextualization remaining unanswered, for which perhaps teachers seek answers from qualified curriculum development personnel. Findings reveal that when broad curricular frameworks get recontextualized, the lack of consensus amongst teachers on what counts as essential knowledge is often a matter of concern. Findings reveal that in curriculum recontextualization, when having to negotiate between a “multiplicity of pedagogic fields” (Cambridge, 2011, p. 129) teachers seem to be inherently aligning to something that is a “crystal clear benchmark” such as the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IB DP), as opposed to something that is more flexible and open-ended such as the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme (IB PYP). The disciplinary focus of the Conceptual Curriculum and the tendency of teachers to align more towards the IB DP rather than the IB PYP (even in lower grades such as 7 and 8) has thus resulted in a quick transition from the “weakly classified” (Bernstein 1971, p.49) inter-disciplinary IB PYP curriculum to a “strongly classified” (Bernstein 1971, p.49) Conceptual Curriculum with disciplinary focus. Findings from this study reveal that teachers see the value and purpose in teaching for conceptual understanding, but this, when coupled with having to choose curriculum content and developing a coherent curriculum has made the experience both challenging and burdensome for them. Findings also reveal that practical agendas of the school, such as addressing limited time and staffing issues assume priority over lofty ideals when the curriculum is recontextualized, thereby indicating that school-based curriculum initiatives lose rigor and form, in the cracks of everyday practice. Findings in this study thus suggest that when teachers are offered the possibility of working with flexible curricular frameworks, realities of everyday practice take over. This often leads to teachers self-prescribing the curriculum, thereby making the process self-mandated, which in effect defeats the very purpose of the school-based curriculum development initiative undertaken.

After years of education, many people enter the workforce without the team-working skills fundamental in today's innovation economy. As one of the primary goals of education is to prepare students for the workforce, a shift from individual learning to collaborative learning is recommended. One way to incorporate collaborative learning in formal education is through students' engagement in the collaborative development of plays. When understanding of collaboration is achieved, according the theories of Teaching for Understanding, the learner can apply knowledge outside of the domain in which it was learned. Team-based management in business and collaborative playbuilding in theatre share congruent structural principles, therefore, the application of knowledge from one domain to the other is natural. This study investigated how university students came to understand collaboration through involvement in a Collaborative Play Development course. Findings support the recognition of collaborative theatre as an opportunity to develop marketable skills for the learners.

This study looked at one classroom's manifestation of inquiry. Looking at tasks as part of the Full Option Science System (FOSS) shed light on the way in which inquiry took shape in the classroom. To do this, detailed descriptions and analysis of the enactment of inquiry-based tasks were conducted in one fifth-grade elementary school classroom during an 8-week period of instruction. A central finding was that the intended tasks differed from the actual tasks. This incongruence occurred primarily due to the actions of individuals in the classroom. These actions shaped tasks and transformed inquiry-based tasks from highly ambiguous, high-risk tasks to a routine set of steps and procedures. Teacher's actions included establishing a classroom culture, creating a flow to classroom events, and making instructional decisions. These actions resulted in implicit structures in the classroom that determined the pace and sequence of events, as well as how the requirements and value of work were understood by students. Implicit structures reflected shared understandings between the teacher and students about work and the overall system of accountability in the classroom.

Orientador: José Antônio Perrella Balestieri / Banca: Guilherme Eugênio Filippo Fernandes Filho / Banca: Jânio Itiro Akamatsu / Banca: Jorge Isaias I. Beltran / Banca: Irlan Von Lisingen / Resumo: As iniciativas destinadas ao uso racional da energia, em virtude da característica integradora de conceitos desse tema, revelam-se tanto nas ações mais elementares, como a eliminação do desperdício, quanto nas análises mais rebuscadas, envolvendo estudos técnico-econômicos para a escolha de uma determinada intervenção. Nesse leque de opções, a educação é um elemento sempre lembrado e tido como condição de significativa importância para levar adiante a mudança de valores dos consumidores de energia em prol da economia de recursos naturais e de capital. Todavia, a abordagem educacional do uso racional da energia, apesar das iniciativas pioneiras, necessita ser focalizada no indivíduo, no que se refere aos processos afetivos e cognitivos, para posteriormente agregar as informações de caráter técnico, visandose o incentivo à ação social. Para esse desenvolvimento, além dos estudos oriundos das atividades do setor energético, agregaram-se informações de domínio da psicologia e da educação, balizando-se pela legislação vigente e pelos critérios paramétricos da educação no Brasil. A característica transversal do tema, através do ensino contextualizado, cria condições favoráveis à construção do conhecimento a respeito da energia e seu uso e, portanto, tem potencial de promover o desenvolvimento sustentável pela cidadania. O presente modelo educacional para a conservação da energia tem o objetivo de contribuir com o setor energético visando sistematizar os conteúdos nos ensinos fundamental, médio e superior a partir de ferramentas efetivas para os processos de ensino-aprendizagem, auxiliando os educadores desses segmentos no planejamento do ensino. / Abstract: The initiatives aimed to energy conservation, due to its integrating characteristics, conduct many actions, since the energy waste elimination to the most sophisticated tool of intervention, as viability studies. In this range of options, the education always is remembered, because it is an important way to get the change of human values in a favor to save natural resources and capital. However, the educational broach of rational energy use, in spite of pioneering actions, needs to be person focused, relatively to the affective and cognitive process, to aggregate subsequently the technical information, looking for the social actions. For this development, beyond studies with origin in energy sector, information of psychology and educational domain was considered, aligning with present Brazilian legislation and educational parametric criteria. The transverse characteristic of this topic, by a contextualized teaching, create favorable conditions to knowledge build in relation to energy and its consumption and, hence, it has potential to promote the sustainable development by citizenship. The present educational model to the energy conservation has the objective to contribute with energy sector, in direction to systematize the contents at fundamental, middle and superior educational levels, starting from effective tools in teaching and learning process, helping teachers in these segments at teach planning. KEYWORDS: Energy conservation, teaching for citizenship, education. / Doutor

No description available.

This dissertation presents a phenomenographic case study of a senior physics professor during and beyond an extended collaboration with a science education professor from a College of Education. The context for the collaboration is the co-teaching of a physics course for graduate students in a Masters of Teaching program at a research university in the southeastern US. The course was focused on physics content and the pedagogy of teaching for conceptual change. The purpose of this study is to investigate from a physics professor’s perspective the progression of his conceptions and practices regarding teaching for conceptual change over the duration of the collaboration and beyond. Prior research indicates that such change is a difficult and complex process requiring a transformative, personal experience. Collaboration between science departments and Colleges of Education has been identified as a key opportunity for transformative experiences, but research on the resulting changes is limited. Questions addressed by this study include (a) what is the evidence of change in a physics professor’s conceptions of teaching for conceptual change, (b) what is the evidence of change in a physics professor’s practices of teaching for conceptual change, (c) what are the learning environment characteristics identified by the physics professor that either facilitated or hindered changes in his conceptions and/or practices in teaching for conceptual change. The primary data were interviews with the physics professor integrated with direct classroom observations. Emergent categories of how the physics professor conceived and practiced teaching for conceptual change showed a progression over time toward a more expert view on teaching for conceptual change. Key factors identified in the physics professor’s progression are: 1) his motivation to become a more effective teacher, 2) the expertise of the science education professor, and 3) the way the collaboration developed. Limiting factors identified include: 1) time pressure for content coverage, 2) difficulty in translating change to other contexts, and 3) unsupportive external environments.