This diploma thesis is focused on the plasma surface treatment of historical glass from the 18th and 19th centuries by low temperature electrical discharges in solutions of sodium chloride and potassium carbonate and finding the most suitable settings of conditions for the surface cleaning. Stainless steel electrode and a specially designed electrode system with wolfram wire in the quartz glass capillary were used for the generation of discharge using an audio frequency power supply. Each line of samples was made from one piece of historical glass that was cut to smaller pieces. All cleaned samples were photographed before and after the cleaning so the possible changes of the cleaned area could be visually compared. Then the samples were analysed by LA-ICP-MS (line scanning of surface), where was analysed the cleaned area of samples, and values were compared to the analysis of the reference sample that was not cleaned. Examined isotopes of elements were selected on the basis of the supposed composition of glass, corrosion products, and soil at the place of discovery. Analyses were standardized by NIST 610. Acquired values were transferred to oxides. The most important oxides (Na2O, MgO, SiO2, P2O5 a K2O) were chosen for deciding the most effective cleaning settings. It was decided that the most effective setting for cleaning was the one where the biggest difference of values between sample and reference occurred. Four series of these solutions were compiled and one parameter was changed for each of them. Solutions and their conductivity, frequency of the power supply, and time of cleaning were chosen as changing values. Three samples of different times of cleaning were cleaned without interruption. The time of cleaning was split into intervals of 30 seconds of cleaning and 1 minute of non-action for another two samples of this series. In this way we were trying to find out if the following surface analysis will be influenced by the diffusion of the particles into the sample, or not. The frequency of power supply was recorded and its dissipated power was calculated for each measurement. Emission spectra of a series of different solution conductivity were measured before cleaning of samples. Measurement of OES was made with the ignition of discharge so the active species of plasma were shown in spectra. These species are probably participating in the cleaning process of glass. Emission spectra were also measured after cleaning to find out if values of active species were changed or unknown spectral lines appeared. These lines should be from dirt and corrosion products that were cleaned from the surface of the glass. It was found out that the most effective cleaning of sample 1 (series where the conductivity of the NaCl solution was changed) was done in a solution of conductivity 900 S/cm. The most effective cleaning of sample 4 and sample 7 (series where the conductivity of the K2CO3 solution was changed) was done in a solution of conductivity 600 S/cm. The most effective cleaning of sample 6 (series where the frequency was changed) was done at frequency = (15200 ± 30) Hz. The most effective cleaning of sample 5 (series of different cleaning times) lasted seven minutes without time delay. The future research it should be appropriate to try a combination of these most effective cleaning settings on the surface of more samples, so the finding of this thesis will be confirmed.

The aim of the Master thesis is the investigation of the influence of microwave discharge for skin wound healing. Microwave discharge used for this work was argon microwave plasma generated by the surface wave and direct vortex torch. The theoretical part is focused on basic information about plasma and processes that occur in plasma discharge under specific conditions. Plasma generates various active particles such as hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide radicals, excited nitrogen molecules, atomic nitrogen, argon and oxygen. All of these particles together with plasma generated photons are usable in biomedical applications and summary of them is shown in the theoretical part. The experimental part is focused on the comparison of torch discharge and microwave plasma generated surface wave in skin wound healing. The model wounds on laboratory mousses were treated by plasma and wound healing was examined during 3 weeks after the plasma treatment. Both plasma systems showed healing acceleration. Application of torch discharge was proved to be the most effective method in the healing of skin defects. Additionally, determination of active particles was taken by optical emission spectroscopy. Based on these measurements, plasma parameters were determined: electron temparutare, rotational and vibrational temperatures. To determine role of different plasma active species, the treatment of indigo coloured artificial skin model was treated under various conditions by both plasma systems. Results show that the direct interaction between plasma particles is the main effect, role of radiation, only, is more or less negligible. Finally, the plasma vortex system was visualized using fast camera at selected powers and gas flows.

This diploma thesis was focused on the possibility of using a plasma nozzle to accelerate the wound healing process. The benefits of using low-temperature plasma in medicine or biomedical applications are known from many studies, and low-temperature plasma is already used to sterilize medical devices, materials or surgical instruments. Some studies also report a high potential of usinh plasma nozzle in the treatment of skin wounds. In the experimental part of this work, an in vitro wound healing test was performed using two different low-temperature plasma sources. Source No. 1 was a surface wave microwave discharge and source No. 2 was a torch microwave discharge. An in vitro scratch healing test was performed on a monolayer of HaCaT keratinocytes and testing was performed using various parameters. The influence of the plasma treatment time was monitored, as well as the influence of the plasma discharge power and also the influence of the argon working gas flow. Especially when using a torch microwave discharge, faster wound healing was recorded at most of the parameters used compared to the control. Thus, it can be said that this source appears to be potentially suitable for faster wound healing. Furthermore, in the work using the MTT cytotoxicity test, the viability of skin cells after their plasmination was also monitored using the same conditions as in the in vitro wound healing test. When performed in the standard MTT assay, none of the settings or sources used showed any cytotoxic effects on keratinocytes. LDH cytotoxicity tests were also performed concurrently to verify the accuracy of the MTT assays. The results of both tests agreed and the use of low-temperature plasma in skin treatment can be considered as safe. Overall, the results show that the plasma nozzle can find use in medicine in the healing of skin wounds and chronic defects as a potentially fast, inexpensive and effective method.