The thesis focuses on observation of resemblance, exploration of the identical and the different. At first, it considers analogy and comparation in a complex approach focusing on philosophy, logic, mathematics and linguistics. At the same time, resemblance is perceived in close connection to representation and image, semiotics, iconology, iconography, photography and processes ? as well as related concepts, such as mimesis, reference, representation, transformation, simulation, virtuality and hyperreality. The final part is concerned with resemblance and its effect on typology, original and copy ? identity, perceiving of authenticity and the function of memory. The key concepts are: non-causality of resemblance, analogy of proportionality in contrast to analogy of proportion, visual thinking and functionality of memory, resemblance as the basic power of image, and transformation as the principal form of representation.