The researcher 1) explored Thai employed wives' perceived fairness in the division of household labor and child care, 2) investigated factors determining Thai's working wives' perception of fairness in the division of household labor and child care, and 3) developed a model of the determinants of wives' perceived fairness in the division of household labor and child care. In the model above, relationships were explored between perceived fairness and twenty independent variables. The data are based on a survey administered to 600 employed wives from three different kinds of workplaces in Bangkok, Thailand: Government sector (n=214), quasi-government sector (n=191) and private sector (n=195). Employed wives were recruited by purposive sampling from each workplace. In addition qualitative interviews were used with a convenience sample of 30 employed wives selected by purposive sampling from the large sample of 600. The interview data suggest explanations for wives' perceived fairness in the division of household labor and child care. Stepwise multiple regression was used to develop a model of the determinants predicting wives' perceived fairness in the division of household labor and child care. Findings are that perceived fairness was positively correlated with feeling appreciated, marital happiness, within-gender comparisons, spending time together, work hours/day, family harmony, and wife's ascription to traditional women's roles; but was negatively correlated with wife's value of housework and men's incompetence at housework. The results of the stepwise multiple regression on perceived fairness of the division of household labor indicated that only 9 of 20 independent variables (predictors) enter the regression model at the .05 level of significance or above, accounting for 32% of the variability. The overall relationship of all predictors to perceived fairness was fairly high. Feeling appreciated is the best predictor, followed by marital happiness, within-gender comparison, wife's value of housework, spending time together, work hours/day of wife, family harmony, wife's ascription of women's roles, and men incompetence at housework. The interview data also support the survey data in that outcome value influence wives' perceived fairness. Wives value several outcomes in doing household work and child care. Comparison referents and justifications are another mechanisms that influence wives' perceived fairness. Most wives use several standards when they evaluate fairness, and also use many reasons to justify lower participation of their husbands. Even though gender ideology as measured, in the survey data, does not contribute much to wives' perceived fairness, the interview data strongly suggest that traditional values and culture in Thai society influence and guide wives' choices of comparison referents and justifications to accept the unbalanced of division of labor as fair for them. Both data sets reinforce that wives' perceived fairness is a result of subjective perception, influenced by emotional needs of wives. The study confirms that outcome values, comparison referents and justifications, along with marital happiness and spending time together with husbands all play important roles in explaining wives' perceived fairness. Results are discussed in terms of the relationship between possible determinants and wives' perceived fairness in the division of household labor and child care. In additions, implications for future research, policy, and education/training are discussed. / Graduation date: 2001

The examination of the performance of Thailand's computer industry, and its contribution to the country's economic growth, are the two major objectives of my research. I study whether the computer industry in Thailand has acquired a comparative advantage. Then, I examine how investment in information technology (IT) has contributed to the growth of total factor productivity for the economy as a whole. The methodology I adopt for measuring the performance the computer industry is based on a number of indices including unit labor cost, revealed comparative advantage, net export index and labor productivity. Estimating the contribution of information technology to the growth of total factor productivity requires two estimation steps. First, I estimate the production function for Thailand where aggregate output depends on human capital, physical capital and labor. Total factor productivity then emerges as the residual of this production function regression. In the second stage, I estimate the effect of investment in IT on total factor productivity, after contributing for its other important determinants. The results suggest that the computer industry in Thailand has indeed acquired a comparative advantage recently. Moreover, an increase investment in information technology significantly influences the growth of total factor productivity in the economy. / Graduation date: 2000

The purpose of this investigation is to explore gender role attitudes among Thai college students and to determine whether differences in gender role attitudes among Thai college students are related to the sex of students, college major and family structure. To investigate this problem a Gender Role Attitude Inventory is developed and three hypothesis are developed. Research participants include 300 junior/undergraduate college students at Kasetsart University in Bangkok, Thailand. Frequencies and descriptive statistics are used to analyze the sample and inferential statistics are used to interpret the data and to answer the research question posed. The group West is used to compare the mean difference of students' gender role attitude scores between male and female students, between female students who participate in traditional feminine college majors and those who are involved in nontraditional college majors, and between students who grew up in families where both parents worked outside the home and those who were raised in families where fathers were employed and mothers did not work outside the home. The results show that female students expressed significantly more egalitarian gender role attitudes than male students. Female students with nontraditional majors tend to demonstrate more egalitarian gender role attitudes than those with traditional majors. Students from dual-earner families, where both father and mother worked outside the home, are shown to have higher levels of egalitarian gender role attitudes as compare to students from single-earner families, where fathers were employed outside the home and mothers were not employed in wage labor. / Graduation date: 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable, instrument for determining the mathematics subject matter knowledge of Thai preservice elementary teachers at eight (8) teachers' colleges in eight (8) provinces in northern Thailand. The focus of the content of interest was the operation of division of rational numbers in the context of an appropriate taxonomy of the cognitive domain categories suggested by Wilson (1971). The Delphi technique, item analysis, and "known group" techniques were utilized in the instrument development phases of the study. Hypotheses were tested to determine whether significant differences existed between colleges and between teachers with different backgrounds. The dependent variable was the mean test score for preservice teachers at eight Thai teachers' colleges. The study included the testing of significance for colleges, background, and whether there was significant interaction between colleges and teachers' backgrounds (liberal arts and science). The pilot instrument consisted of 52 items representing four cognitive levels (computation, comprehension, application, and analysis). Based on an analysis of pilot test data, 10 items were eliminated. The final draft instrument consisted of 42 items and was administered to 272 preservice elementary teachers. When field test data were analyzed and compared to "known group" data, 10 items were found to be outside of the acceptability range for difficulty. Item difficulty was used for selecting items for inclusion in the final instrument to measure the operation of division of rational numbers with Thai college preservice elementary teachers. This step in the research served to reduce the number of test items to 32, which constituted the content for the final instrument. The internal consistency reliability was .81 for the 42-item instrument. Content and construct validity were verified by various procedures. / Graduation date: 1994

This study examined the practice of student teaching and the effects of student teaching upon the development of three secondary Thai language student teachers from Chiangmai Teachers' College in Chiangmai, Thailand from July to September, 1992. The research questions were: What are the methods of teaching which are used during student teaching experience, and what developments or changes occur as a result of student teaching from the point of view of the student teachers? The research methodology was qualitative, utilizing the methodologies of open-ended interviewing of student teachers as the primary mode. Other sources such as observations of student teacher teaching and student teacher journals were used to add depth to the study and to triangulate the findings. Interviews were conducted in two phases. Observations were conducted as the student teachers taught five class sessions. The data were processed using the constant comparative method. A preliminary study of three secondary teachers was conducted to test the interview guides and add direction to the study. The analysis of data resulted in the generation of the following working hypotheses: 1. Formal college training plays a more influential role in student teachers' methods of teaching than the student teachers realize. 2. Student teaching experience affects student teachers' attitude toward teaching. 3. Student teaching experience has a powerful impact on the development of student teachers as teachers and as individuals. / Graduation date: 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between adolescents' food preferences and their mothers' attitudes and knowledge about foods and nutrition in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Subjects included 30 boys and 35 girls randomly selected from 11th grade classrooms at two high schools in Phitsanulok, and their mothers. An Attitudes Toward Foods and Nutrition Ouestionnaire (ATFN) and Knowledge About Foods and Nutrition Questionnaire (KAFN) were used to assess mothers' attitudes and knowledge about foods and nutrition, respectively. A Food Preference Questionnaire (FPQ) and a 24-Hour Dietary Recall Interview (DRI) were used to assess adolescents' food preferences and to determine their dietary nutrient intakes, respectively. Application of path analytic procedures to the data revealed that while fathers' and mothers' education, occupation and family income were significantly related together in complex ways, only mothers' occupation had a direct negative effect on their attitudes toward "food preparation and caring about nutrition". In addition, mothers' attitudes toward the "importance of nutrition and meals" had a direct positive effect on their attitudes toward "food preparation and caring about nutrition". Furthermore, mothers' "general nutrition knowledge" had a direct positive effect on their knowledge about "food composition", which in turn had a direct positive effect on their knowledge about a "well-balanced diet and protein". Finally, while mothers' attitudes toward "food preparation and caring about nutrition" had a direct positive effect on their adolescents' food preferences, mothers' "general nutrition knowledge" had a direct negative effect on their adolescents' food preferences. With respect to the relationships between adolescents' food preferences and their nutrient intakes, their preferences for foods in the Meat food group were significantly and positively related to their calorie, carbohydrate, and total fat intakes. In addition, adolescents' preferences for foods in the Vegetable and Vegetable Products food group were significantly and positively related to their total fat intake. Furthermore, adolescents's preferences for foods in the Fats and Oils food group were significantly and positively related to their calorie, carbohydrate, protein, and total fat intakes. Finally, a significant curvilinear relationship was found between adolescents' preferences for foods in the Cereal and Grain Products food group and their iron intake. / Graduation date: 1993

Universiẗat, Diss.--Hannover, 2005.

Not available / text

Although manpower and educational planning have been used in some developing countries for a considerable time to ensure an adequate supply of qualified manpower for the economy, the problem of manpower shortages still persists. An analysis of the reasons underlying the presumed failure of planning processes to ensure adequate supplies of qualified manpower for individual sectors of the economy forms the basis of this study. The issue was examined through an examination of the case of one specific sector of Thailand's economy: the tourism industry. In particular, the study sought to ascertain whether the shortages are the result of problems with the national manpower and educational planning models or whether they reflect issues intrinsic to individual economic sectors. The study draws on the literature in three areas: manpower planning, the relationship between manpower and educational planning, and employment and manpower development planning in the tourism industry. To explore possible explanations for the persistence of manpower shortages in the Thai tourism industry, two kinds of data were used: documentary and interview data. The interviews were conducted with three groups of key informants: employers in the tourist business, providers of tourism education and training, and senior government officials who are involved in manpower and educational planning. A total of 85 people in four tourist centres in Thailand were interviewed. The analysis of the data confirms that there is a mismatch between manpower demand and supply in the Thai tourism industry with demand significantly surpassing supply. The study concluded that there are limitations in the manpower and educational planning models, and that there is a lack of some of the conditions required for their optimal functioning, but that the mismatch between supply and demand in the Thai tourism industry is more fully explained by features intrinsic to the industry itself. A Abstract balance between manpower demand and supply in any sectors would be improved by having manpower planning at the macro level well meshed with educational planning, and by developing linkages between two levels of planning: the national and industry level. More importantly, however, within the industry itself, those involved have to take a planning stance by diagnosing the way their own sector operates and collaborating to rectify the problems they find. This study has implications for policy and improved practice of the planning, production and development of manpower required by the Thai tourism industry. It also has lessons for other sectors of the Thai economy as well as other developing countries.

Bangkok's dramatic growth in the last three decades has brought with it a wide range of urban problems - economic, architectural, environmental, and social. One problem has been a demand for a new dwelling and work spaces. The Bangkok townhouse has served to meet both needs, but the forms it has taken thus far leaves needs improvement.This creative project proposes improvements to the Bangkok townhouses to make it more responsive to its environment as well as interior functions. The improvements focus on facades, reorganization of interior spaces, and physical townhouse elements. The study uses a typological and environmental study to understand and investigate examples of existing Bangkok townhouses. This includes case study analyses to suggest daylighting design strategies for design applications.This study proposes a facade design guideline and a set of physical arrangement suggestions for enhancing the daylight, ventilation, and accommodation capacity of the Bangkok townhouses. In addition, potential applications of the facade guidelines are illustrated. The facade and physical arrangement guidelines can be a fundamental concept for further development and improvement of the Bangkok and other townhouses in locations throughout Thailand. / Department of Architecture