Abstract This study aims to investigate the impact effect of varied thickness of the hitting surface and different shapes of the golf club head. The researcher integrated the computer-aided design software Pro/ENGINEER and finite element analysis software LS-DYNA to do the club head design and impact analysis. The researcher had developed five different shapes and eight different thicknesses of hitting surface of the club head model to compare the ball speed and the sweet spot of the hitting surface. He found that ball speed had increased as the hitting surface is enlarged, both laterally and vertically. He also found that thicker center surface and decreasing thickness to the rim of the thickness of the hitting surface is a better design club head. Finally, he made suggestions about the scientific information of the shape and the surface thickness of the golf club head for the designer to develop a suitable club head.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1989.

Thesis--M. Phil., University of Hong Kong, 1984.

Thesis--Ph. D., University of Hong Kong, 1986.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-73).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-149).

A nonlinear finite element program to simulate the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) members under the action of monotonic increasing loading has been developed. The nonlinear response of the RC members is mainly due to the nonlinear material characteristics including nonlinear biaxial stress-strain relations and cracking of concrete and yielding of steel reinforcement. A constitutive model of concrete under biaxial stress state is adopted in this thesis. In this model, concrete fails and critical cracks occur when the tensile strain of concrete exceeds the limiting tensile strain. The complete stress-strain relationship of concrete under compression and tension are employed in the study to investigate the post-peak behavior of reinforced concrete members. An elaborate cracking model has been implemented which allows concrete to crack in one or two directions. The tension stiffening effect of cracked concrete is also incorporated into this model by including a descending branch in the stress-strain curve of concrete under tension. Other nonlinear effects such as crushing of concrete in compression and yielding or strain hardening of steel reinforcement are also taken into account. A nonlinear finite element program was developed, in which the abovementioned nonlinear effects have all been included in modeling the reinforced concrete structures. The nonlinear equations of equilibrium are solved using an incremental-iterative technique performed under displacement control. The validity of the model including the confinement effect of secondary reinforcements has been examined by analyzing three reinforced concrete beams. The performance of the numerical model was assessed by comparing results with those from available experimental data. / published_or_final_version / Civil Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

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published_or_final_version / Mechanical Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy