The demand for access to information when and where you need has motivated the transition of wireless communications from a fixed infrastructure based cellular communications technology to a more pervasive adhoc wireless networking technology. Challenges still remain in wireless adhoc networks in terms of meeting higher capacity demands, improved reliability and longer connectivity before it becomes a viable widespread commercial technology. Present day wireless mesh networking uses node-to-node serial multi-hop communication to convey information from source to destination in the network. The performance of such a network depends on finding the best possible route between the source and destination nodes. However the end-to-end performance can only be as good as the weakest link within a chosen route. Unlike wired networks, the quality of point-to-point links in a wireless mesh network is subject to random fluctuations. This adversely affects the performance resulting in poor throughput and poor energy efficiency. In recent years, a new paradigm for communication called cooperative communications has been proposed for which initial information theoretic studies have shown the potential for improvements in capacity over traditional multi-hop wireless networks. Cooperative communication involves exploiting the broadcast nature of the wireless medium to form virtual antenna arrays out of independent single-antenna network nodes for transmission. In this research we explore the fundamental performance limits of cooperative communication under more practical operating scenarios. Specifically we provide a framework for computing the outage and ergodic capacities of non identical distributed MIMO links, study the effect of time synchronization error on system performance, analyze the end-to-end average bit error rate (ABER) performance under imperfect relaying, and study range extension and energy efficiency offered by the system when compared to a traditional system. / Ph. D.