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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo FitoquÃmico de Geoffroea spinosa Jacq. (Leguminosae) / Phytochemical study of Geoffroea spinosa Jacq. (Leguminosae)

Elton Luz Lopes 21 February 2008 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior / O presente trabalho descreve a identificaÃÃo de constituintes volÃteis das folhas e flores e o isolamento de constituintes fixos das cascas e lenho do caule e lenho da raiz de Geoffroea spinosa Jacq. Esta espÃcie, que ocorre nas margens de rios do Nordeste brasileiro, produz frutos que sÃo utilizados como alimento, e suas folhas, na forma de chÃ, combatem diarrÃia e distÃrbios menstruais. Apesar desta espÃcie ser de considerÃvel importÃncia para o povo nordestino, nenhum relato na literatura sobre seu estudo fitoquÃmico foi atà agora publicado. Os Ãcidos lÃurico (66,54%), cÃprico (15,39%) e mirÃstico (13,11%), foram os constituintes majoritÃrios no Ãleo essencial das suas flores, enquanto nas folhas o Ãcido palmÃtico (24,93%), e os diterpenos geranil linalol (14,97%) e fitol (17,86%) foram predominantes. A avaliaÃÃo da atividade biolÃgica do Ãleo essencial das flores de G. spinosa demonstrou uma significativa atividade nematicida contra Meloidogyne incognita, mas ao contrario, o material volÃtil de suas folhas foi inativo contra esse mesmo nematÃide. Dos extratos etanÃlicos das cascas do caule e do lenho do caule foram isolados o triterpeno lupeol e o dissacarÃdeo sacarose, respectivamente. O estudo do extrato etanÃlico do lenho da raiz resultou no isolamento da mistura dos esterÃides -sitosterol e estigmasterol e dos seus respectivos glicosÃdeos, alÃm de um triterpeno de esqueleto oleanano, o Ãcido 3--acetoxiolean-12-en-28-Ãico, e uma lactona macrocÃclica denominada 3-hidroxi- 1,5-dioxaciclohentriacontan-6-ona inÃdita na literatura. A determinaÃÃo estrutural dos metabÃlitos isolados foi realizada atravÃs da utilizaÃÃo de tÃcnicas de RessonÃncia MagnÃtica Nuclear de HidrogÃnio-1 e Carbono-13 (RMN 1H e 13C uni e bidimensionais). Os Ãleos essenciais foram analisados por CGL/MS e a identificaÃÃo dos constituintes foi inicialmente realizada, utilizando uma biblioteca de pesquisa com Ãndice de retenÃÃo como rotina de prÃ-seleÃÃo, seguida por confirmaÃÃo visual de padrÃes publicados na literatura. / This work describes the identification of volatile constituents from leaves and flowers of Geoffroea spinosa Jacq. and the isolation of non-volatile constituents of its stem bark, stem wood, and root wood. This specie occurs on the riversides in Northeast Brazil and produces fruits which can be used as food. Its flowers are usually used in the form of tea to heal diarrhea and menstrual disorders. In spite of G. spinosa to be very important to the Northeastern people, as far as we know, any paper about its phytochemistry study was up to now published. The Lauric (66,54%), capric (15,39%) and miristic (13,11%) acids were the major compounds in the essential oils of its flowers, while its leaves presented palmitic acid (24,93%) and the diterpenes geranil linanool (14,97%) and phytol (17,86%) in higher concentration. The evaluation of the biological activity from the flowers of G. spinosa presented a significant nematicidal activity against the Meloidogyne incognita , but in the opposite, the volatile material of its leaves was inactive against the same nematode. The chromatographic analyses of the ethanolic extracts of the stem bark and stem wood allowed the isolation of lupeol and sucrose, respectively and the study of ethanolic extract of the root bark resulted the isolation of a mixture of -sitosterol, stigmasterol and their glycosides in addition of the oleanan triterpene, the 3--acetoxiolean-12-en-28-oic acid, and a lactone called 3-hydroxy-1,5-dioxaciclohentriacontan-6-one. The last one never had been describe in the literature. The structural determination of the isolated metabolites, was performed by using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Hydrogen-1 and Carbon-13 (13C and 1H NMR - uni and two-dimensional). The oils were analyzed by GCL/MS and the identification of the components was initially done by using a MS library search with retention indices as a pre-selection routine followed by visual confirmation to reported standard MS data obtained from literature.

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