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This thesis considers two broad categories of shape-preserving transformations: physical transformations, in which the chemistry of the as-grown material remains constant but some structural change is introduced (i.e., conversion of dense silicon nanowires into porous silicon nanowires); and chemical transformations, in which the physical structure of the as-grown material remains constant but the chemical composition is changed (i.e., conversion of SiO2 photonic crystal fibers into MgF¬2 photonic crystal fibers). Part I of this thesis focuses on the development of a process which allows for the introduction of porosity into dense silicon nano- and microstructures (a shape preserving net physical transformation, albeit by chemical means), while Part II focuses on conversion of SiO2-based photonic structures, including three dimensional photonic crystals and hollow-core photonic crystal fibers into Mg2Si or MgF2 replicas with more desirable chemical compositions (a shape preserving net chemical transformation) possessing enhanced optical characteristics.

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L'accroissement de la complexité des systèmes, des architectures matérielles et de la façon de les programmer a donné lieu à l'utilisation de nouveaux paradigmes pour simplifier leurs développements. Dans ce cadre, l'ingénierie dirigée par les modèles (IDM) propose de monter en abstraction pour aider le concepteur à se concentrer sur les fonctionnalités de son système plutôt que sur les détails d'implémentation. Dans ce cadre, les transformations de modèles et plus particulièrement les chaînes de compilation IDM proposent de soulager le concepteur en générant automatiquement le code d'une application à partir de modèles de conception. Néanmoins, l'application générée ne possède pas toujours le comportement ou les performances adéquates. Dans cette thèse, nous avons proposé deux approches pour la correction et l'optimisation de modèles reposant sur l'utilisation de la trace de transformations de modèles. Ces travaux reposent sur l'hypothèse forte d'une chaîne de transformations digne de confiance. Afin de construire une telle chaîne, il est important de tester les différentes transformations la composant. Afin d'aider au mieux les développeurs de chaînes lors des phases de test, nous avons fourni un moyen de localiser les erreurs dans une transformation et une chaîne de transformation. Nous avons aussi proposé un assistant afin d'aider à la mise en oeuvre de la technique d'analyse de mutation, technique en grande partie manuelle. Ces travaux ont été implémentés dans l'environnement Gaspard, un environnement de co-design de systèmes embarqués reposant sur l'utilisation de chaînes de compilations IDM. / The increasing complexity of systems, hardware architectures and how to program them, leads to new paradigms in order to simplify developments. In this context, model-driven engineering (MDE) proposes to work with abstract representation of a system to help the designers to focus on the features of their systems rather than on implementation details. In this context, model transformations, and especially MDE compilation chain, offers to relieve the designers by offering them an automatic code generation from high-level models. However, the generated application does not always have the expected behavior or performance. In this thesis, we propose two approaches for the correction and optimization models based on model traceability. This work is based on the strong assumption that the transformation chain is trustworthy. To build such a chain, it is important to test the transformations that composed it. In order to help the chain developers when building an MDE compilation chain, we provide a way to locate errors in transformations and transformation chains. We also propose an assistant to help the developers during the mutation analysis technique which remains manual. This work was implemented in Gaspard, a co-design environment of embedded systems based on MDE compilation chain.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 1964. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-67). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (doctoral)--Grossherzoglich Hessische Ludwigs-Universität zu Giessen, 1913. / "Sonderabdruck aus: Prace matematyczno-fizyczne XXVI"--T.p. verso. Pages also numbered 136-202. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.