A project report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering. / The purpose of the investigation contained in this project report was to identify what methods of value capture exist and what conditons would favour their use in the transportation field in South Afdca. The investigation was motivated by a need to identify new ways of generating revenues for transport projects since traditional sources are being depleted or used for other purposes. A review of international literature on value capture identified fourteen techniques which may be used. These techniques were grouped under three headings - property-related charges, joint ventures and merchandising approaches. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique as described in the literature are outlined. Examples of where these techniques have been used around the world are also given and the current situation in south Africa with regard to value capture is presented. A survey of transportation professionals in the public and private sectors in South Africa regarding the identified value capture techniques showed that joint development, the lease or sale of development rights and advertising space and the use of concessions were the most favoured techniques. Tax increment financing. special benefit assessments and employer wage-bill levies were the least favoured. The survey also provided brief descriptions of some past value capture applications in South Africa in the transport sector whilst, accorddng to the survey respondents, future applications will most likely occur in association with the provision of public transport facilities. The main conclusions drawn from the investigation are that value capture must be seen as an essential component in the process of integrating transport and land use; that the involvement of the private sector in value capture exercises is vital and that public authorities will need to revise their role with regard to the delivery of transport facilities if the number of value capture applications is to grow. Additional conclusions offer some guidelines to help further the implementation of value capture in the transportation field in South Africa. / Andrew Chakane 2018

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 198-213). Also available online.

Traffic congestion is one of the most concerning issues in the transportation system. Recurrent congestion and non-recurrent congestion are explored in this research. This research will investigate one of the most concerning issues with the transportation system, congestion, using an overall delay analysis study. A developed fused database program was used to access and analyze the complete database data. Two online databases were used for obtaining traffic, incident and weather data. Eleven different scenarios such as peak-hours, rain scenario, incidents scenario, and work zone scenario were developed for the analysis. An overall delay study was performed on all scenarios to find the impact recurring and non-recurring congestion on the highway. The results of this research were interesting for future adjustment and improvements on the two segments of highways selected. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

published_or_final_version / Economics and Finance / Master / Master of Economics

As states continue to consider taking on more responsibility in transportation, a major issue State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) face relates to financing future transportation investments. At present, many state transportation policymakers and State DOT administrators are considering alternative financing approaches to generate future revenue sources for transportation investments. This dissertation focuses on several user fee based approaches currently being considered by state transportation policymakers and administrators in the U.S. Examples of such approaches include: increasing the current fuel tax and indexing the fuel tax to inflation; implementing an odometer based vehicle miles traveled (VMT) fee approach through vehicle inspection programs in selected states; establishing a global positioning system (GPS) based VMT fee approach for heavy vehicles where privacy and implementation costs are less of a concern; and increasing existing tolls and charging tolls on existing roads that do not have tolls, preferably with open-road tolling (ORT) and all-electronic toll (AET) payment systems. Meanwhile, major questions of interest relate to the potential impacts or consequences of such financing approaches. Central to this dissertation is the development of a conceptual framework and analytical methods to aid state transportation policymakers and administrators in the planning and formulation of alternative financing approaches suitable for consideration in their state. The application of the framework and methods is illustrated in a case study. This case study includes an evaluation of alternative toll scenarios on a section of Interstate 93 in the Boston Metropolitan area where at present tolls are not charged. A major conclusion of the case study is that placing tolls along interstate highways where tolls are not currently collected has the potential to provide a significant source of revenue for State DOTs but that other impacts including route diversion, privacy, and equity need to be considered and addressed in the decision-making process. It is expected that the results of the dissertation will be of interest to state transportation policy makers as well as State DOT administrators currently involved in the development of a comprehensive transportation finance policy.

The current condition of the nation’s transportation system is of great concern to State Departments of Transportation. Currently, funds in many state transportation budgets are depleting. Nowadays, State DOT officials together with researchers are exploring various transportation financing approaches and they are considering the utility, merits, challenges, and impacts of these approaches. A major financing approach being considered relies on the collection of tolls on existing toll roads and on roads on which tolls are not presently collected. Recent technology advancements in Open Road Tolling and All-Electronic Tolling have provided State DOTs with the opportunity to consider expanding the use of toll revenue to finance transportation investments. These two types of tolling technologies appeal to motorists by allowing them to maintain their current highway speed while going through a toll plaza. In addition, many State DOT officials now view toll based approaches as viable “user fee” based strategies together with other alternative approaches such as the fuel tax and sales tax. Central to this research is a case study of the Boston Metropolitan area. The case study includes the formulation and preliminary evaluation of toll based financing approaches potentially suitable for consideration in Massachusetts. The approaches include increases to existing tolls and placing tolls on selected roadways not currently tolled. The evaluation includes estimates of changes in demand and anticipated revenues associated with these toll based approaches. It is expected that the results of this research will be of interest to State DOT officials in Massachusetts and other states.