M.A. (Social Work) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. (Information Science) / Since the earliest civilizations books have found their way into libraries, thus the printing and publishing industries in the era after Gutenberg invented printing with moveable type, are of cardinal importance to library science. Within the field of library science the systematic bibliographic description of the products of the printing and publishing industries features strongly. Books and other publications are a basic necessity in any civilized community. It therefore stands to reason that after the constitutional establishment of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR) a printing and publishing industry would develop and thrive. A complete survey of the printing and publishing industry in the Transvaal has not yet been published. This study endeavours to fill this gap by bringing together information on all types of publications printed in Dutch, Afrikaans, English and other languages in the Transvaal during the period 1857-1902. This is done in the form of a bibliography and a description of the printing and publishing industry in the ZAR. A literature study was done using bibliographies and catalogues in the Brenthurst Library, Johannesburg Public Library and the Rand Afrikaans University Library. It was established from the literature what was printed and published from 1857-1902 in the Transvaal. A bibliography of these items was compiled and information on the printers and publishers was collected. This was supplemented by information gleaned from books, periodical articles, newspapers, theses and dissertations...

M.Sc. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. (Psychology) / Spatial ability as a cognitive ability has for some time been recognised as a distinct component in the intellectual make-up of the individual. Since the earliest identification of spatial ability in the 1920's, interest has been shown in the fuller understanding of this ability. Many controversies still exist since spatial ability has yet to be defined in a definitive manner. Spatial ability has received relatively little attention. Since a relationship between spatial ability and occupational success has been established, more interest has been shown in this field. Spatial ability is as important as language for survival in the business world and more so in the technical field. Spatial ability is synonymous with the socalled "minor" hemisphere. The importance of the "minor" hemisphere and in particular the link between the right hemisphere and the language centres of the left hemisphere, has recently been. recognised. This recognition is found where the right hemisphere together with the damaged left hemisphere may be included in a rehabilitation programme. Spatial ability is the product of environmental influences which include child rearing practices, education and nutrition. Other influences are of a genetic, hormonal and neurological nature. Associated the concept terms, the associated with of left with the cognitive functions of the brain, is lateralisation of functions.

M.A. (Counselling Psychology) / According to the psychiatric and psychological literature, researchers adopt controversial standpoints regarding the classification of Dysthymia Disorder. Some researchers regard Dysthymia Disorder as an independent diagnostic entity, while others consider it a variant of Unipolar Major Depression. The aim of this research is to determine, by means of a comparative investigation, the clinical personality disorder differences or similarities which occur in patients with the two disorders. As a point of departure, this study examines those aspects of the DSM-III-R and the views of the future DSM-IV concerning Dysthymia Disorder and Unipolar Major Depression, as well as recent theoretical approaches to these disorders. Divergent findings in respect of different factors for the two syndrome disorders are described. The different sub-uypea of Dysthymia and the overlap among these sub-types as well as the overlap between the two disorder-groups are focused on. Attention is given to the relationship between depression and personality disorders. For the experimental investigation, 100 patients from TARA the H. Moross-centre, Weskoppies Hospital and Vista Private Clinic, and 20 patients from three private practices, are consulted and tested. Because of the difference in application of criteria by different researchers, only patients the criteria of the DSM-III-R for Unipolar Major and Dysthymia Disorder are used as test subjects.

M.E. (Educational Psychology) / The phenomenon of learning disability is evident within many children. This problem obstructs the mastering of basic didactical skills in children. Despite the fact that these children appear to have adequate intellectual abilities, they experience serious .problems in mastering such skills as reading, spelling and writing as well as arithmetical skills. These problems lead to a low selfesteeIll and causes incessant failure in scholastic achievement. Learning disabled children are in need of a highly specialized instructional programme.in order to overcome their learning problems. In Transvaal, provision is made for learning disabled children by aid class placement. Many parents however have objections against placement in aid classes in that their children become "exeptional children". They believe that their children can overcome their learning problems by means of their remedial programmes. It was thus essential to arrive at a psychological and a didactical view of the learning disabled child. Furthermore it was necessary to undertake a psycho-didactic consideration of reading- and arithmetic problems. Aid class instruction and alternative remedial procedures as such, were emphasized. The purpose of this study therefore was to determine whether learning disabled children could adequately overcome their learning problems by means of alternative remedial procedures. Two groups of learning disabled children were identified id est those who were placed in aid classes and those who were for various reasons not placed in aid classes. Three different reading tests as well as addition and subtraction tests were administered to ascertain the children I s level of scholastic achievement.

M.Phil. (Geography) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

A study of petrological and geochemical variations through the upper Critical Zone of the Bushveld Complex at Amandelbult section of R.P,M. was undertaken. The sequence at this locality may be divided into seven "units" two of which appear to be complete, possessing the sequence harzburgite-pyroxenite-norite-anorthosite. The other five Units lack basal, intermediate or upper members. Considerable lateral variations are apparent in this sequence, but these are restricted to the Lower Pseudo Reef-Merensky Reef interval, tne same portion of the succession which is affected by pothole structures. The single most important petrographic feature of genetic significance is the occurrence of annealed, recrystallized anorthosite immediately underlying ulstramafic layers. This, together with the undulatory nature of the contact between the two rock layers, suggests that the ultramafic layer was emplaced as a hot liquid over a pre-existing, crystalline anorthosite floor, and that some remelting of this layer occurred. Variations in the chemical make-up of constituent silicate minerals reveal a number of significant processes which may have been operative in the magma chamber prior to crystallization, Olivine grains, for instance, exhibit extremely wide chemical variations both within single layers and from one layer to the next. These variations are best explained by re-equilibration processes with spinel and base metal sulphides, rather than by wide variations in original liquidus compositions. It appears that the compositions of the initial liquids from which each basal olivine-bearing layer crystallized, were approximately similar. Variations in the iron-magnesium ratio of ortho-pyroxenes indicate well defined continuous fractionation trends in units which are considered to be complete. Magnesian compositions are recorded in ultramfic members, while increasingly iron-enriched values are recorded upwards through the sequence pyroxenite-norite-antorthosite. Plagioclase grains exhibit less well defined fractionation trends, but it is clear that an upward increase in An is encountered through indivitual Units. This is in direct contrast to the trend exhibited by orthopyroxene. A further feature of plagioclase grains is the considerable degree of chemical zonation exhibited by them. In cumulus grains this is commonly manifested as strongly reversed rims, while in intercululus grains normal zoning is ubiquitous. Whole-rock chemical variations through the succession indicate that cyclical variations occur through successive Units, but that these merely reflect changes in modal mineralogy and not liquid fractionation trends. Such trends can be shown for selected element ratios, where these elements are known to partition into a single mineral phase. Rations of pyroxene components such as the nickel/scandium ratio, exhibit a saw tooth pattern through successive Units, while ratios of plagioclase components such as the strontium/alumina ratio have unique, fairly constant values for each individual Unit but different values for successive Units. The latter type of cyclicity is not always strictly confined to lithologically recognized boundaries between Units, and a slight overlap into overlying ultramafic layers is apparent. An investigation of variations in trace element levels in a single layer in five widely separated boreholes revealed that there is some evidence for a lateral fractionation trend from the southwest (more primitive) to the northeast (more evolved), although the small number of data points available preclude definite conclusions. There exists in the data some evidence that the Giant Mottled Anorthosite differs chemically from the other anorthosites in the study section, and that it more closely resembles rocks of the Main Zone. This evidence is particularly apparent in variations of the chromium/aluminium ratio of orthoyroxene grains, and in the An content of plagioclase grains, both of whose trends exhibit distinct inflections at the base of this member. The features of the succession at Amandelbult are best explained by the model of Eales et al. (in press, a), which visualizes the input of a number of pulses of new, hot liquid into a magma chamber containing the fractionated residua of previous influxes. At a critical point in time, just prior to the mafic Merensky Reef input, a large input of gabboic liquid was intruded at high levels in the chamber. The lower portions of this liquid mixed with the residua of earlier mafic inputs, which in turn mixed with new inputs of mafic, typical Critical Zone liquids. Thus the lower portions of the study section represent mixtures of new Critical Zone liquids with the residua of previous such influxes, while the upper portions have the added complication of mixture with a Main Zone-type liquid. The unique chemical character of the Giant Mottled Anorthosite appears to be a direct manifestation of the influence of the Main Zone liquid. / KMBT_363 / Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in

One of the most remarkable features of the layered sequence of the Bushveld Complex is its lateral consistency in lithology. This work has established a geochemical and lithological correlation along 170 km of strike of the interval between the UG2 chromitite and the Merensky Reef within the Upper Critical zone of the western limb of the Bushveld Complex. The correlation is based on geochemical investigations of 10 borehole intersections and lithological comparisons of more than 20 borehole intersections around the western lobe of the complex. The basic data presented include 123 whole-rock analyses for major and 12 trace elements, 97 analyses for ' 12 trace elements, and ca. 5500 microprobe analyses of all major phases. Patterns of cryptic variation are established. Some layers (the UG2 chromitite and pyroxenite) show considerable consistency with regard to geochemistry and lithology. Others can be traced along most of the investigated strike length, such as the Lone Chrome Seam, the Footwall Marker anorthosite and the immediate anorthosite footwall to the Merensky Unit. Most of the distinguishable members within the study section, however, show great variation along strike (i.e., the Lower and Upper Pseudoreef Markers, the central noritic sequence in the southern arm of the western limb and parts of the immediate Merensky Reef footwall succession). Several models have been evaluated to interpret the geochemical and lithological data. The author comes to the conclusion that the degree of lithological consistency depends on the variability of magmatic parameters within different parts of the chamber. The most important of these parameters are: (i) the size of fresh primitive influxes and consequently the heat flux, (ii) the composition of the residual liquid, and (iii) the frequency of the influxes. Fresh influxes of more or less similar composition thus spread out along the floor if the residual liquid was less dense than the fresh primitive liquid, but intruded the chamber as a plume where plagioclase had crystallized for some time and the residual liquid had become relatively dense. The size of the influx may be regarded as a measure of the amount of heat flux from the feeder into the chamber. A large influx created uniform physicochemical conditions in the chamber whereas a smaller influx created a strong lateral gradient of physicochemical parameters in the chamber, with subsequent differences in viscosity, density, convection currents, yield strength and thus different mixing behaviour of different liquids. Furthermore, a persistent heat flux from the feeder may have delayed crystallization of successive phases in those parts of the chamber proximal to the feeder . Therefore, new influxes would have been deposited on a footwall of varying thickness and lithology in response to different degrees of crystallization and accumulation along strike. The development of a normal cyclic unit (chromititeharzburgite-pyroxenite-norite (+anorthosite?)) may thus have been interrupted at various stages in different parts of the chamber. The ability to correlate anorthosites over great strike distances implies that their formation did not follow entirely random processes but was dependent on specific magmatic conditions which prevailed over laterally extensive portions of the chamber at certain stages during the evolution of the crystallizing liquid.

Please read the abstract (Summary) in the section 07back of this document The published edition of this thesis is also available in English: Kriel, Lize. The 'Malaboch' books : Kgalusi in the 'civilization of the written word' Stuttgart, Germany : Franz Steiner Verlag, 2009. (Missionsgeschichtliches Archiv; Bd 13) / Thesis (DPhil (History))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Historical and Heritage Studies / unrestricted