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1	The influence of pheromone dispenser release rates, trap height and pheromone dispenser height on captures of leafrollers in Virginia apple orchards Malone, Sean M. 13 February 2009 (has links) Gravimetric analysis was used to determine the release rates and longevities of several designs of pheromone dispensers for mating disruption of leafrollers and codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Linneaus). Release rates were described by linear equations for at least four months, but by the end of the season release rates tended to become erratic. Biocontrol’s red-brown codling moth dispenser lasted for up to four months, and one application of the dispenser in early May should control codling moth for the entire season in Virginia apple orchards. Ecogen and Hercon leafroller dispensers lasted for a shorter time than the codling moth dispensers and would require two applications per season to provide the best control of their target pests. In a commercial northern Virginia apple orchard, the effects of pheromone trap height and pheromone dispenser height on captures of the tufted apple bud moth, Platynota idaeusalis (Walker), were studied. Low traps (2.0 m) were more sensitive than high traps (4.5 m) for monitoring tufted apple bud moth. The number of moths caught in 1994 and 1995 in a two-hectare mating disruption plot with pheromone dispensers placed in the upper third of the tree was not significantly different from the number caught in a plot with pheromone dispensers placed at head height. Fruit damage was very high in both pheromone plots in 1994, but by 1995 it appeared that mating disruption was able to reduce fruit damage due to leafroller larvae. / Master of Science pheromone apple mating disruption leafroller release rate trap height LD5655.V855 1996.M356
2	Studies into the Initial Conditions, Flow Rate, and Containment System of Oil Field Leaks in Deep Water Holder, Rachel 16 December 2013 (has links) Oil well blow outs are investigated to determine methods to quickly and accurately respond to an emergency situation. Flow rate is needed to guide containment and dispersal operations. The Stratified Integral Multiphase Plume, SIMP, model was used to investigate the range of initial conditions available to integral modeling. Sensitivity to initial conditions is modest, but without experimental data at the appropriate scale the most accurate condition is unable to be determined. Flow rates are difficult to directly measure in blow out situations, so another method must be determined; therefore, sensitivity of several parameters to flow rate was also evaluated. Methane concentration in the first intrusion can be used in conjunction with velocity and trap height measurements to determine flow rate using an integral model. Plume width and temperature were determined to have little sensitivity. Separately, a containment dome was tested in the laboratory to determine if a full scale dome can be used to contain an oil leak in the field. The dome was found to have satisfactory entrapment in the designed position. initial conditions containment dome oil leak deep water sensitivity integral model rachel holder socolofsky blow out deepwater horizon plume multiphase asaeda imberger morton wuest mcdougall nondimensional entrainment zone of flow establishment zfe trap height plume width SIMP

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The influence of pheromone dispenser release rates, trap height and pheromone dispenser height on captures of leafrollers in Virginia apple orchards

Studies into the Initial Conditions, Flow Rate, and Containment System of Oil Field Leaks in Deep Water