The thesis deals with the issue of knowledge of the health care personnel of medical teaching hospitals (trauma centers) contact workplaces in the field of the radiation protection. The subject reflects the increasing risk associated with the possible radiation exceptional occurrences, but also a possible threat of the radiation terrorism. On the basis of the quantitative analysis, the thesis maps out the level of concerned personnel in the field of radiation protection and emergency preparedness and thus their ability to respond adequately to the emergencies and to provide a specialized health care to a greater number of affected people.