Farmland bird populations in Europe have been in decline for a long time. Agricultural intensification and growing a large share of crops that provide suboptimal breeding habitat could be the main causes of the observed decline. To explore these possible drivers, I focused on population trends of farmland bird species in different habitats in the Czech Republic over the periods 1982-1990 and 1990-2010. Specifically, I focused on the variability in trends within each species in respect to the differences in landscape management between the lowlands and mid-altitude areas before and after 1990. The expected effect of intensive farming in the lowlands until 1990 was reflected by a strong decline in populations of Northern Lapwing and Yellowhammer. The influence of less intensive farming in mid-altitude areas causing moderate population decline was confirmed rather by shrubs and trees species than farmland specialists. After 1990, less intensive farming in the lowlands should reduce the decline, which may have occurred, but compelling comparison of population trends between the two time periods was not possible for most species due to the lack of data. On the contrary, more intensive population decline in mid-altitudes after 1990, which should be the response to arable land abandonment, was not...

Land ecosystems absorb about a quarter of all human emissions of carbon (C) by fossil fuel burning and land use change. This percentage varies greatly within years due to the land ecosystem response to climate variability and disturbance. Significant uncertainties remain in our knowledge of the magnitude and spatio-temporal changes in the land C sinks. The aims of my thesis are 1) to evaluate the capacity of different dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) to reproduce the fluxes and stocks of the land C cycle and 2) to analyse the drivers of change in the land C over the last two decades (1990-2009). In the first part of this thesis I evaluated the DGVM results over two regions: the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and the Tropics. Over the NH DGVMs tend to simulate longer growing seasons and a greater positive leaf area index trend in response to warming than that observed from satellite data. For the tropical region we found a high spatial correlation between the DGVMs and the observations for C stocks and fluxes, but the models produced higher C stocks over the non-forested areas. In the second part I studied the processes controlling the regional land C cycle. The findings can be summarized as: (1) the land CO2 sink has increased over the study period, through increases in tropical and southern regions with negligible change in northern regions; (2) globally and in most regions, the land sinks are not increasing as fast as the growth rate of excess atmospheric CO2 and (3) changes in water availability, particularly over the dry season, played a fundamental role in determining regional trends in NPP. My work seeks to improve our understanding of the relationship between the C cycle and its drivers, however considerable research is needed to understand the role of additional processes such as land use change, nitrogen deposition, to mention just a few.

The aim of the thesis is to identify new technologies currently used in retail and to evaluate the attitudes of domestic customers to these technologies. Then, based on the findings, devise recommendations on the use of these new information technologies. The diploma thesis deals with individual information technologies which are used in the Czech Republic and abroad, but also with those that are still being developed. With the help of research, the topic of retail technology is viewed from the perspective of customers.

The diploma thesis maps interactive teaching in high school as a actual phenomenon. The aim of the thesis is to understand the current situation within the interactive teaching and to introduce possibilities how to realize the teaching with the elements of interactivity. The theoretical part describes various views of interactivity and its wildcards. This results in the characteristic elements of interactive teaching and the benefits that interactive teaching brings. The thesis also introduces current digital technologies that can be used in school education. It specifies what the specific technologies can be used for, what their advantages and disadvantages are. In the empirical part, the thesis examines one secondary school in Prague Hostivař for a closer understanding of the current situation of interactive teaching. This is done by using a questionnaire survey. The part of the empirical part is the design and implementation of teaching activities using interactivity, which are based on the theoretical basis and information found by the research. The activities are carried out directly in the classroom and subsequently evaluated by the pupils themselves. Subsequently, the activities are evaluated by the usability within the classroom, their versatility of use and the risks that they may face in...

This thesis deals with the phenomenon of "podcasting" and the possibility of its business use. It covers and combines some selected aspects such as communica-tion trends, psychological aspects, and the marketing communication mix. There development of podcasting its current state is also considered. The general data come from the United States, while the dataset for the practical part has been tak-en from a public survey in the Czech Republic and Germany and a business survey of 315 Czech companies. The outcome answers whether podcasting is applicable as a new method for business communication, especially in the Czech Republic, and which segments of the Czech and German population are more suitable for this medium. Companies were tested on their current needs, challenges, communica-tion approaches and internal capacities towards podcasting integration. Finally some proposals on future challenges and developments are provided.

The diploma thesis is based on long-term monitoring of small watersheds in the Šumava region, differences and trends in the water chemistry in the years 1998 - 2015 and the differences in water balance and erosion of solutes in the years 2008 2015 are evaluated. Comparing average rainfall-runoff relationship on the catchments revealed little difference between the basins of the Horský (wetland) stream (runs off 37 %) and Bukový (forest) stream (32 %), while the basin of Mlýnský (drained pasture) creek runs off 60 % of incident precipitation. Basin of drained pastures Mlýnský - showed worsening of the parameters, which are expressed in lower proportion of water retained in the basin and also a higher proportion of dissolved solids in the effluent water. This corresponds to the overall erosion of substances from the basin, which is evident from the results, both forest and wetland basin matters detained while the drained basin is losing them for a long time. Only in the case of nitrate, ammonia, Ca2+ and Mg2+ loads from the forest and wetland basin are three times lower than the load from the drained pastures. For PO43- it is about one third less and in the case of SO42-, Cl-, K+ and Na+ it is about one half less.

The Diploma Thesis is focused on changes in household spending in the Czech Republic.The aim was to analyze the changes in the average spending in individual household types. In the introductory part, the method of data collection by the Czech Statistical Office, which collects the data from the households in the framework of the family accounts statistics, is described. Moreover, the inflation questions are explained here, together with the description of models of consumption ways. The introduction of the Thesis also includes the explanation of options of a non-consumer spending in the form of both investments and various types of savings. The practical part comprises analyses monitoring changes in the spending structure, in the spending extent, and in the development of the expense entry value. The analysis of the changes in the spending structure concerns all categories of households, classified according to the person acting as the head of household, in the years 2006-2014. These changes are evaluated not only from the point of view of their extent and development trends, but they are also evaluated in comparison with other monitored households. The detailed analysis monitoring the spending extent and the development of individual expense entries studies the average household and the household of employees in the years 2000-2014, with a subsequent prediction for years 2015 and 2016. For the households of self-employers, unemployed persons and pensioners (without economically active members), the analysis covers the changes in the spending extent in the years 2006-2014 and includes also the comparison of such changes in terms of the mentioned household types.

Aim of this text is to create comprehensive knowledge about green vegetation on city scale and indicate developmental trends in this sphere in area of Prague. Another important parts of document are general-purpose methodology and analysis of city planning instruments. Data required for research are acquired by satellite land survey. Results of this work gives information about progress of city vegetation in urban space of Prague. Theses included comparison with other European metropolises.

The main goal of this diploma thesis was to propose changes of PR communication in a chosen company. These recommendations were created based on the analysis of the current trends in public relations and analysis of the current situation in marketing communications and PR in a chosen company, ENERGON Brewery. They mainly concerned cooperation with life-style bloggers and other opinion-influencers, collaboration with the food-specialized magazines. Recommendations will also be applied to improve on-line reputation of the company and its on-line communication. An important part of the proposals was also the calculation of their financial cost.

The thesis presents data from butterfly transects monitoring, carried out for 7 years on 36 transects established both within nature reserves and unprotected landscapes throughout the Czech Republic and walked three times a month between April and September. Only seven transects were monitored for the whole monitoring period. There were 192 771 individual butterfly records on 127 species of butterflies and burnet moths, i.e. 76.5% of the Czech fauna of the targeted groups). Data on their abundances are for the first time available for the Czech Republic. The distribution of individual species abundances approximated a lognormal model. The abundant species were generalists of non-wooded habitats, which prosper in the intensively managed landscapes of the Czech Republic. Trends of abundance, determined by the TRIM program, were estimable for 92 species. Over the monitored period, the relative abundance of nine species significantly decreased, while those of of seven species significantly increases. The remaining 76 did not display unequivocal trends, but still, 17 are likely increasing and 29 likely decreasing. Comparing the trends with the life history and bioclimatic traits of the butterflies showed that species whose abundance did not change possess traits typical for generalist butterflies (mobile species, overwintering in later life stages, longer flight period etc.), while decreases were more common among thermophilic species. Splitting the analyses for data originating from reserve vs. unprotected areas suggested that mesophilic species and species of more advanced successional stages prosper outside of reserves, whereas thermophilic species tend to decline there, and that an opposite pattern applies to reserves. I discuss recommendations for future of the monitoring Czech butterfly monitoring scheme.