This thesis is devoted to the study of spinning contacts located in bearing between the roller-end and the ring flange. The main direction of the lubricant flow may change when the contact is subjected to skew. This complex kinematics influences the contact behaviour. A dual experimental-numerical approach is proposed to study this problem. The Tribogyr test-rig allows the experimentation of the contact at the 1:1 scale. A film thickness measurement method, based on white light interferometry, was developed on Tribogyr. This method allows the measurement of film thickness between 0 and 800 nm with an accuracy of a few nanometres. The measurement of forces in the main flow direction shows similarities with classical rolling-sliding contacts. However, the friction coefficient is globally lower as soon as spin is involved. Transverse forces are of the same order of magnitude as the longitudinal forces. This is due to transverse shearing caused by the spin. A numerical model has been developed for the simulation of these spinning contacts. The finite element model, which is based on a fully-coupled solving strategy, takes into account the temperature calculation and the lubricant non-Newtonian rheology. Its validation with Tribogyr experimental results in terms of film thickness and friction has been conducted. Spin and skew effects induce high shear-thinning and thermal-thinning of the lubricant that lead to a decrease of the film thickness. Under high spinning condition, the lubricant exiting the contact may be re-injected to the contact inlet. Consequently, the heat transfers between the lubricant and the solids in contact are modified. In contact subjected to high skew, a local increase (dimple) of the film thickness may occur. Important skew may also lead to starvation conditions. Many experimental campaigns, coupled with an intensive use of the numerical model, allowed to understand the physical phenomena involved as well as to predict the efficiency, in terms of power losses, of the spinning contacts.

Cette thèse concerne l’étude des contacts pivotants rencontrés à la conjonction collet-rouleau, entre la bague d’un roulement et le flanc d’un rouleau. L’orientation principale de l’écoulement du lubrifiant peut changer lorsque le contact est mis à l’oblique. Cette cinématique complexe influe sur le comportement du contact. Elle est donc étudiée par une approche duale, expérimentale et numérique. Le banc d’essai Tribogyr permet l’expérimentation du contact à l’échelle 1:1. Une méthode pour la mesure de l’épaisseur du film lubrifiant par interférométrie optique en lumière blanche a été développée sur le banc d’essai et rend possible la mesure d’épaisseurs entre 0 et 800 nm, avec une résolution de quelques nanomètres. La mesure des efforts dans le sens de l’écoulement montre des similitudes avec les contacts de type roulement-glissement bien que le coefficient de frottement soit globalement plus faible. Les efforts transverses ont des valeurs du même ordre de grandeur que les efforts longitudinaux. Ils sont dus au cisaillement transverse induit par le pivotement. Un modèle numérique a été développé dans le but de simuler ces contacts pivotants. Le modèle inclut le calcul des températures et la rhéologie non Newtonienne du lubrifiant dans une stratégie de résolution par éléments finis, totalement couplée. La validation avec des résultats expérimentaux issus de Tribogyr, en épaisseur de film et en frottement, a été effectuée. Il est montré que l’épaisseur de film chute lorsque le pivotement et l’obliquité cisaillent le fluide, entraînant des effets rhéo-fluidifiants et thermo-fluidifiants. En cas de fort pivotement, le lubrifiant sortant peut être réinjecté à nouveau vers l’intérieur du contact et les transferts de chaleur entre lubrifiant et solides en sont fortement perturbés. Une forte obliquité entraîne à la fois la formation d’une augmentation locale de l’épaisseur de film et peut aussi provoquer la sous-alimentation du contact. Plusieurs campagnes expérimentales couplées à l’utilisation intensive du modèle numérique ont permis de comprendre les phénomènes physiques entrant en jeu et de prévoir l’efficacité, en terme de pertes de puissance, d’un contact pivotant. / This thesis is devoted to the study of spinning contacts located in bearing between the roller-end and the ring flange. The main direction of the lubricant flow may change when the contact is subjected to skew. This complex kinematics influences the contact behaviour. A dual experimental-numerical approach is proposed to study this problem. The Tribogyr test-rig allows the experimentation of the contact at the 1:1 scale. A film thickness measurement method, based on white light interferometry, was developed on Tribogyr. This method allows the measurement of film thickness between 0 and 800 nm with an accuracy of a few nanometres. The measurement of forces in the main flow direction shows similarities with classical rolling-sliding contacts. However, the friction coefficient is globally lower as soon as spin is involved. Transverse forces are of the same order of magnitude as the longitudinal forces. This is due to transverse shearing caused by the spin. A numerical model has been developed for the simulation of these spinning contacts. The finite element model, which is based on a fully-coupled solving strategy, takes into account the temperature calculation and the lubricant non-Newtonian rheology. Its validation with Tribogyr experimental results in terms of film thickness and friction has been conducted. Spin and skew effects induce high shear-thinning and thermal-thinning of the lubricant that lead to a decrease of the film thickness. Under high spinning condition, the lubricant exiting the contact may be re-injected to the contact inlet. Consequently, the heat transfers between the lubricant and the solids in contact are modified. In contact subjected to high skew, a local increase (dimple) of the film thickness may occur. Important skew may also lead to starvation conditions. Many experimental campaigns, coupled with an intensive use of the numerical model, allowed to understand the physical phenomena involved as well as to predict the efficiency, in terms of power losses, of the spinning contacts.