The three recitals consisted of performances of original eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth century solo works for trombone with the exception of Lyric Suite for Euphonium and Piano by Donald White, Divertimento for Trumpet, Trombone and Piano by Boris Blacher, and Dialogue and Dance for Trombone and Tuba by Newel Kay Brown. The premiere performance of Straight As An Arrow for B-flat-F Trombone and Prepared Tape by Ronn Cox and Dean Crocker was also included. After presenting a brief biography and discussing Gordon Jacob's (1895-1984) stylistic influences, the lecture continues with a Tonal, Motivic and Formal analysis of his three works for solo tenor trombone: Concerto for Trombone and Orchestra, Concertino for Trombone and Wind Orchestra, and the Trombone Sonata. Tonality, modality, polymodality and free association of pitches are elements that are present at one time or another in these compositions. Jacob's inclination for using the folk song style is evident in his writing, especially in the slow movements. Introductions, transition areas, and secondary themes, with tonally ambiguous harmonies and instrumental concepts of melodies, create a tension that is released by the return to tonality in the areas that follow. Treatment of rhythmic and melodic motives helps produce the special quality found in Gordon Jacob's compositions. Over half the themes in the works being investigated are built around motivic development. Neoclassicism results from the use of forms rooted in earlier centuries, but the choice of key centers gives these forms a new life. Jacob's composition of absolute music, as well as his use of the older compositional techniques of parallel harmonies and slow introductions, reflect neoclassical practices. The performance of Jacob's pieces is facilitated by his use of musical materials idiomatic to the instrument.

In recent years, the use of the cimbasso has gained popularity in Giuseppe Verdi opera performances throughout the world. In the past, the tuba or the bass trombone was used regularly instead of the cimbasso because less regard was given to what Verdi may have intended. Today, one expects more attention to historical precedent, which is evident in many contemporary Verdi opera performances. However, the tuba continues to be used commonly in performances of Verdi opera productions throughout the United States. The use of the tuba in the U.S. is due to a lack of awareness and a limited availability of the cimbasso. This paper demonstrates the pedagogical and aesthetic differences between the use of the tuba and the modern cimbasso when performing the works of Giuseppe Verdi operas.

This dissertation consists of three solo recitals and one lecture recital. The repertoire of all programs is composed of music written specifically for the trombone plus two transcriptions of works for voice. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of selected vocal pedagogical material as a means of developing musicianship for the trombonist. The historical relationship of the voice and the trombone is traced through written documentation and musical composition. Similarities between the development of legato technique for the vocal student and the trombonist are examined. A brief history of the vocalise and its pedagogical function is presented. The development of expressive musical performance for the trombonist is explored through the use of examples from three different vocalises of Marco Bordogni.

The specific problems investigated involved identifying and describing the characteristics of fundamental frequency, overall intensity, and spectral content in unaccompanied and ensemble performance settings. Additionally, comparisons and descriptions of the relationships among these acoustical parameters were made. Fifteen trombonists were used as research subjects. Each subject recorded a selected musical excerpt in the following performance modes: high register unaccompanied, harmonic, and unison ensemble; and low register unaccompanied and unison ensemble. Tape recordings of these subjects were used in conjunction with certain electronic apparatus to obtain data on frequency, intensity, and spectral content. Based on these data, descriptions of these acoustical parameters and comparisons of unaccompanied and ensemble performance settings were made.

The dissertation consists of four recitals: three solo recitals and one lecture recital. The repertoire of all the programs contained both music written specifically for the trombone and transcriptions from various other instruments. The lecture recital, "J. s. Bach's Six Suites for Solo Violoncello, BWV 1007-1012? Their History and Problems of Transcription and Performance for the Trombone," was presented on June 20, 1983. The lecture was an attempt to illuminate the rationale and performance problems of transcribing the Bach 'cello suites to the modern tenor trombone with an F attachment and also to provide background information on the suites and the early solo emergence of the violoncello. The program included the performance of the Suite No. 2_ in d minor, BWV 1008, with the movements: Prelude, Allemande, Courante, Sarabande, Minuets I and II, and Gigue.

The evolution of the role of the trombone as a solo instrument in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries can be traced most effectively through four schools of playing, with the music of today's avant-garde being a logical historical culmination of these four schools. It will be demons t rated that the avant-garde's use of the solo trombone has merely continued the evolutionary process started in the early nineteenth century. The contribution of the early nineteenth-century virtuosi was the establishment of the idea that the trombone could compete on its own terms with other instruments as a solo instrument. In addition to expanding the technical capabilities, they also left a basic solo repertoire. With the death of the virtuosi the trombone as a solo instrument went into a decline. For the remainder of the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth century the Paris Conservatoire was influential. Standards of solo performance were brought to new heights by excellent study material and contest solos. The next important step came from the late nineteenth-century American band virtuosi. Their influence helped the public to accept the idea of the trombone as a solo instrument. The American jazz trombonists of the 1930's and 1940's also further widened the technical capabilities of the trombone and also further encouraged acceptance of the Instrument in its solo capacity. However, their most important contribution was in new tonal colors. The music of the avant-garde takes all these previous historical achievements and makes use of them in its own unique way.

Johann Joseph Fux's influence on the development of eighteenth-century alto trombone literature is significant. His music, when compared with that of other composers who wrote for the alto trombone before 1730, reveals a more elaborate and frequent use of the instrument. Many of Fux's compositions call for alto, tenor, or bass trombone, but his Sonata a Quattro K. 347 and Alma Redemptoris Mater K. 186 are of particular interest in regard to the composer's treatment of the alto trombone. This study points out the technical demands placed on the trombonist in Fux's works as compared to such contemporary composers as Antonio Caldara and Marc'Antonio Ziani. The primary goal of this study is to substantiate the importance of Fux's role in the development of the alto trombone repertoire. Published and unpublished works by Fux that significantly incorporate the instrument have been studied and compared to compositions of his contemporaries. A thorough discussion of Sonata a Quattro and Alma Redemptoris Mater illustrates the technical aspects of his alto trombone writing. The secondary goal of this study is to create a performing edition of Sonata a Quattro and Alma Redemptoris Mater. The existing editions in Denkmaler der Tonkunst in Osterreich and Johann Joseph Fux, Samtliche Werke are less than complete. There are no individual parts for performers, and tempo indications for several movements are missing. Mistakes in the parts of Sonata a Quattro and discrepancies between the figured bass and continuo realization have been corrected for the creation of a new edition. Tempo, ornamentation, instruments, and articulation are also discussed to assist in the presentation of an historically informed performance of the Sonata a Quattro and Alma Redemptoris Mater.

The dissertation consists of four recitals: three solo recitals and one lecture recital. The repertoire of all the programs was intended to demonstrate a variety of music written originally for trombone. The lecture recital, "The Trombone in German and Austrian Concerted Church Music of the Baroque Period," was presented on July 3, 1974. The lecture was an attempt to illuminate the position of the trombone, both as an ensemble instrument and as a solo obbligato instrument, in church music of the Baroque period. The program included the performance of two works by Heinrich Schutz for bass voice, four trombones, and continuo; one work by Andreas Hammerschmidt for alto, bass, trombone, and continuo; and one work by Johann Joseph Fux for soprano, trombone, two violins, and continuo. A line of influence was traced from the Venetian composers Giovanni Gabrieli and Claudio Monteverdi, through Schiitz, Hammerschmidt, and Fux, to Mozart.

The dissertation consists of four recitals. Three solo recitals featured a variety of selected works for bass trombone and piano by traditional and contemporary composers. The lecture recital, entitled "The Trombone in German and Austrian Ensemble Sonatas of the Late Seventeenth Century," is a study which examines the role of the trombone, both as a solo and ensemble instrument, and the functions of the instrument in ensemble sonatas of the late seventeenth century. The trombone's use in instrumental ensembles was traced from the fifteenth century to the present. The program included selections by German composers Daniel Speer and Matthias Weckmann, and Austrian composers Autonio Bertali, Johann Heinrich Schmelzer and Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber.

The modern trombone player can experience a variety of styles on any given day. There is a need for the ability to switch between a plethora of styles ranging from avant-garde pieces to many forms of popular music to masterworks of the symphonic repertoire. It is the responsibility of the musician (performer or educator) to be familiar with all music due to global access via the internet. There is a responsibility to properly perform and respect music as more composers are beginning to blend different styles, genres, idioms, and cultures within the same composition. Daniel Schnyder is a prominent continuation of this style of musical collage that began with composers such as George Rochberg, Luciano Berio, Bernd Alois Zimmermann, and Charles Ives. The goal of this project is to analyze the stylistic saturation of Daniel Schnyder's Worlds Beyond Suite, focusing on performance and stylistic analysis to aid in an informed performance. This project will highlight the flexibility required by modern trombonists to perform with a deeper understanding of music in multiple styles, as the blending, juxtaposing, and superimposition of style is the universal future of music.