In the present study a parallel three dimensional Volume of Fluid (VOF) method is developed to simulate Marangoni force in immiscible fluids with variable surface tension. Conservation equations are solved based on cell-averaged one-field volume tracking scheme. Evaluating the convective term in the energy equation along the boundary between the fluids highly depends on the position and orientation of the interface; hence, using average cell values simply ignores the interface shape and leads to computational uncertainty. As a remedy to this issue, the original idea behind the volume tracking method is used not only to advect mass and momentum but also energy across cells. To verify the proposed algorithm, results are compared against theoretically predicted thermocapillary migration velocity of a droplet at the limit of zero Marangoni number. However, at relatively high Marangoni numbers, thermal boundary layers are very thin and challenging to resolve. To demonstrate the capabilities of the heat transfer module, simulations of a Fluorinert droplet moving in silicon oil under applied temperature gradient in microgravity are compared against the available experimental results and the migration velocity of the droplet are reported.

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Liquid loading in gas wells is generally described as the inability of the well to lift the co-produced liquids up the tubing, which may ultimately kill the well. There is a lack of dedicated models that can mimic the transient features that are typical of liquid loading. Improved characterization of liquid loading in gas wells and enhanced prediction of future well performance can be achieved from the measurements and analyses resulting from this project. An experimental investigation was carried out to study the onset of liquid loading and the subsequent transient phenomena, using a large scale flow loop to visualize two-phase flow regimes, and to measure pressure and liquid holdup along a 42-m long vertical tube. From this investigation, it is possible to conclude that liquid loading should not be characterized based on onset criteria alone, and that it may not be a wellbore-only problem, as it would seem that the reservoir also plays a key role in determining if/when/how liquid loading manifests itself. Additionally, the results from the experimental campaign were used to compare the performance of different wellbore flow simulators. State-of-the-art simulators do not seem to fully capture the nature of liquid loading in vertical tubes. A simplified model is roposed here to evaluate the liquid transport during the transition from one flow regime to another, during the loading sequence.

This thesis assesses the extent to which jet precession can be used to control the mean and instantaneous particle distributions in particle-laden jet flows. Investigations were conducted, providing quantitative, planar measurements of instantaneous particle distributions in the first 10 nozzle diameters of a particle-laden co-annular nozzle with centrally located Precessing Jet (PJ). Equipment was specifically designed to conduct the investigations, a laser diagnostic technique developed and a methodology to quantify particle clusters was devised. The experimental facilities are scaled to simulate the near burner region of a typical rotary cement kiln. The laser diagnostic technique, called planar nephelometry, enables non-intrusive, quantitative, instantaneous, planar measurements of particle distributions without the need to identify individual particles. The methodology to quantify particle clusters is designed to enable statistical comparison of clusters without ambiguity. Measurements of the influence of particle mass loading and jet precession on the distribution of particles emerging from an particle-laden co-annular nozzle, with a centrally located PJ nozzle, are presented. These data include mean and standard deviation of the particle distributions and statistics on particle cluster characteristics. The results indicate that small amounts of momentum through the PJ nozzle causes an elongation of the jet, but larger amounts of momentum through the PJ nozzle will result in a wider mean particle distribution and greater mean centreline decay rate. An increase in jet precession also results in an increase in the fluctuations in the particle distributions. The transition is determined by the interplay of momentum of the particle-laden and precessing streams. The physical characteristics of identified particle clusters in the instantaneous planar flow field are also influenced by jet precession. An initial increase in the amount of jet precession results in an overall decrease in the average number of both small- and large-clusters. The size of small-clusters generally reduces with increasing jet precession, whereas large-clusters reach maximum sizes for an intermediate relative momentum of jet precession. Analogous to the influence of jet precession on the mean distribution of particles, increasing jet precession also results in a greater spread of small- and large-clusters. Results also indicate that increasing the mass flow rate of particles results in an elongation of the jet. However, these variations correspond to an increase in annular jet momentum, rather than an addition of secondary phase. The particle mass flow rate has a minor influence on the general characteristics of particle clusters. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1370427 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Mechanical Engineering, 2009

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tulsa, 1995. / Bibliography: leaves 77-81.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tulsa, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-109).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tulsa, 1981. / Bibliography: leaves 176-179.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tulsa, 1990.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tulsa, 1993. / Includes bibliographies.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 265-281.