Thesis (M.A.)--Eastern Illinois University, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-63).

M.A. (Psychology) / Please refer to full abstract to view abstract

published_or_final_version / Psychology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

The purpose of this study was two fold: 1) To examine possible differences in menstrual reporting between two different age groups, and 2) To examine possible differences in menstrual reporting between two dichotomized action emotion typography groups-- Type A and Type B.The population consisted of 50 women in the age group of 15 to 20 and 50 women in the age group of 30 to 40 years. Data was collected simultaneously and the interrelationships were considered statistically. The Jenkins Activity Survey appropriate for age, and three factors on the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire-- pain, negative concentration, and affective changes during the premenstrual phase and menstrual phase of the cycle were the variables being studied.The design of the study was a 2 x 2 factorial design. In the multivariate sense, the main effects were tested and then univariate statistics were used to interpret significant main effects.No significant differences were found in the vectors of Type A and Type B on any of the three factors, either when premenstrual scores were totaled with menstrual scores or when those two scores were considered separately. No significant differences were found in premenstrual or menstrual pain reporting in the different age groups. No significant differences were found in premenstrual or menstrual reporting of negative concentration factors. A significant difference was found in greater affective change reporting in the older age group. This difference was found to be in premenstrual reporting, but not in menstrual reporting.1. Women in the 30 to 40 age group report significantly more premenstrual affective changes than women in the 15 to 20 age group. 2. Action emotion typography did not prove to be a predictor of differential menstrual reporting.The implications of these findings as related to feminine development were discussed and recommendations for replication and further research were presented.This dissertation contains an extensive bibliography of the most recent research related to the menstrual cycle, Type A and Type B research, stress, and stress as related to the menstrual cycle.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Community Medicine, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-75).

This investigation examined the effects of aerobic fitness and the Type A behavior pattern on cognitive functioning in the split-attention (dual task) paradigm. Sixty-four adults were classified as Type A or B by means of the Jenkins Activity Survey, and as Runner or Sedentary using self-reports of physical activity. Under challenging instructions, subjects performed a primary task (Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices) and secondary task (Backward Digit Span) alternatively under single and dual task conditions. There was a significant interaction between aerobic fitness and task condition such that Runners outperformed Sedentary subjects under dual, but not single, task conditions on the secondary task. No differences were found on the primary task. Backward Digit Span performance under dual, but not single, task conditions, was also found to be positively related to the subjects eating a low cholesterol diet and maintaining a healthy weight. Contrary to predictions, there were no significant effects of the Type A behavior pattern, either main or interaction, on any of the cognitive measures. Type A Runners exceeded Type B Runners in aerobic points, races per year, runs per week, Personal Record attempts, and level of dissatisfaction with performance. There were no differences in the tendency to run while injured, use of a stopwatch during training, or effort exerted in races. Overall, these findings suggest that an ability to perform under split-attention (dual task) conditions is positively related to aerobic fitness, a low-fat diet, and maintenance of a healthy weight. In addition, Type A Runners differ from B Runners in some, but not all, aspects related to the Type A pattern, suggesting that aerobic exercise may modify to a limited extent the Type A behavior pattern. The failure to find A-B differences in attentional style consistent with prior research (Matthews & Brunson, 1979) or interaction of type and exercise may reflect the nature of the sample and tasks in this particular investigation, compared with previous studies.

The purpose of the study was to determine if exposure to a challenging interpersonal situation would have an adverse impact on intra- and interpersonal constructs. Individual difference variables including level of hostility and anger, Type A behavior, control in social situations, depression and sex were examined as "predictors" of those more likely to be adversely affected by personal challenge. Eighty subjects, 40 male and 40 female, completed questionnaires at a pretesting session including measures of hostility, the Type A behavior pattern, trait anger, exaggerated social control, depression, and self-other constructs. Twenty subjects then participated in a "supportive" role-play condition where the confederate was agreeable and friendly. Sixty subjects participated in a "challenge" role-play condition; the confederate was disagreeable, confrontive, and unpleasant. The posttesting measures were then completed.

Bibliography: leaves 67-75

BACKGROUND¡GWork plays an important role in everyone¡¦s health and happiness. However, facing the rapidly changing medical environment, physicians feel even more stress than ever. PURPOSE¡GThe purpose of this study was to find the current stressors among physicians who worked in hospitals in southern Taiwan, and to evaluate the correlations among demographics, type A behavior pattern(TABP) and the perception and approach-avoidance intention (AAI) of the stressors. METHOD: Structured questionnaires were mailed to physicians who worked in hospitals in Ping tong and Kaohsiung. Data were coded and analyzed with factor analyses, £q2 test, Pearson¡¦s correlation, partial correlation, Student t test, ANOVA and multiple regression when appropriate. RESULTS: The effective response rate was 7.9% and there was no true difference between the samples and population in demographic characteristics. Six factors were extracted from stressors by factor analyses with the cumulative percentage of total variance explained around 64.7%. The overall Cronbach¡¦s £\ was .917. The extent of stress perception and the AAI of the factors of stressors, namely ¡§patient management (PM)¡¨, ¡¨interpersonal relationship (IR)¡¨, ¡¨work load (WL)¡¨, ¡¨medical environment (ME)¡¨, ¡¨organizational structure (OS) and ¡§research and teaching (RT)¡¨, were used as dependent variables during comparisons between different demographic variables and TABP. The mean TABP score was 4.47, mean perceived stress was 3.13 and the mean AAI of the stressors was 3.5. The most stressful factor of stressors was PM and the least was IR. The AAI of the factor of the stressors revealed that RT was most likely to use approach as the coping strategy whereas the OS was the least. The correlation between the extent of the stress perception and AAI of the stressors varied. Significant correlation was found only in moderate stress zone. TABP significantly correlated to stress perception with Pearson¡¦s r = .227 ( P < .05 ). There was significant difference in overall stress perception on TABP and the position of the physicians. Physicians with TABP perceived more stress than Type B did. Residents were more likely to report their job as stressful than attending physicians did. However, the correlation between TABP and the AAI of the stressors (overall and all 6 factors) were not significant. The attribute of the hospital was the only factor that has the moderator effect on AAI of the stressors. Physicians who worked in public hospitals use approach as the coping strategy to the stressors more likely than physicians who worked in private hospitals did. The correlation between the stress perception and AAI to the factors of the stressors, and the moderator effect of physicians demographics and TABP on stress perception and AAI to the factors of the stressors will be discussed in detail in the text.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 131 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-112).