Problem: Third molar removal in sagittal split osteotomies(SSOs) is recommended by some authors at least 6 months preoperatively to prevent unfavorable fractures. Others authors suggest concomitant removal. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of third molars during SSOs. Methods: A prospective study of 677 SSOs was conducted. GroupI consisted of 331 SSOs and third molar removal. GroupII consisted of 346 SSOs without third molar. Intraoperative and postoperative evaluations were recorded. Results: The overall rate of unfavorable fractures was 3.1%, with incidences of 2.4% in GroupI, compared to 3.8% in GroupII(P=0.3). The rate of IAN entrapment was lower in GroupI(37.2%) than in GroupII(46.5%;P=0.01). Third molars increased procedural time by 1.7 minutes. Neurosensory deficits were higher in GroupII. Conclusion: Removal of third molars during SSOs is not associated with increased incidence of unfavorable fractures. Their presence decreases IAN entrapment, improve neurosensory recovery, but slightly increases operating time.

The study of predictors of health risk is important to assist professionals in the area in making clinical decisions at the individual or collective level. With focus on the elderly population, in 2005, the Elders Risk Assessment (ERA) was developed in Rochester, MN, USA. Its main advantage over other predictors is the practicality of use, since the data are obtained in an administrative way through the medical record review. Until now, this instrument has not been studied in Brazil. In this sense, this work was developed to use the ERA instrument as a predictor of risk of health problems in the elderly attended at the Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, RS. The outcomes (events) considered for risk prediction were hospital admissions and urgent/emergency care. From the review of medical records, the ERA scores were obtained from a sample of 135 older adults seen outpatient in the year 2010 and the outcomes were surveyed between 2010 and 2012. Like the original study, the results showed a positive correlation between higher ERA scores and greater number of events. It is concluded that the ERA instrument can be used in our environment as a tool for risk screening for unfavorable events in the health of the elderly. It is also possible to characterize strategies of clinical approach in order to modify the tendency towards unfavorable outcomes. Considering the population cut and the study design chosen, other works are needed to prove the reproducibility of the instrument under different conditions, both in the public health system (SUS) and in the supplementary health. / O estudo de preditores de risco em saúde é importante para auxiliar os profissionais da área na tomada de decisões clínicas no âmbito individual ou coletivo. Com foco na população de idosos, em 2005, foi desenvolvido em Rochester, MN, USA, o instrumento Elders Risk Assessment (ERA). Sua principal vantagem em relação a outros preditores é a praticidade de uso, visto que os dados são obtidos de maneira administrativa através da revisão de prontuário médico. O referido instrumento, até o presente momento, não foi estudado no Brasil. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de utilizar o instrumento ERA como preditor de risco de agravos na saúde de idosos atendidos no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, RS. Os desfechos (eventos) considerados para a predição de risco foram internações hospitalares e atendimento em situação de urgência/emergência. A partir da revisão de prontuários médicos, foram obtidos os escores ERA de uma amostra de 135 idosos atendidos ambulatorialmente no ano 2010 e os desfechos foram pesquisados entre os anos 2010 e 2012. À semelhança do estudo original, os resultados demonstraram uma correlação positiva entre escores ERA mais elevados e maior número de eventos. Conclui-se que o instrumento ERA pode ser utilizado em nosso meio como ferramenta de rastreio de risco para eventos desfavoráveis em saúde de idosos. Pode, ainda, balizar estratégias de abordagem clínica com o objetivo de modificar a tendência para desfechos desfavoráveis. Considerando-se o recorte populacional e o desenho de estudo escolhido, novos trabalhos são necessários para comprovar a reprodutibilidade do instrumento em condições distintas, tanto no sistema público de saúde (SUS) quanto na saúde suplementar.

According to International Electrotechnical Commission’s standard document IEC-60287 the current carrying capabilities of power cables can be mathematically modelled. Current rating of power cables can hence be done without having to perform expensive and timely experiments. This allows different techniques in power cable utilizing and placement to be compared to one another. In this master thesis two different techniques for placement of power cables are investigated using IEC-60287. A conventional technique where the electric power cable is placed in a cable trench is compared to the method where the power cable is placed in a protective plastic duct. Comparisons have been made in the areas: current carrying capacity, economy and technical simplifications. Based on the analysis in this report results show that the theoretical current carrying capacity (ampacity) of the power cable placed in a plastic duct is sufficient for usage under given circumstances and that the method allows greater flexibility regarding the interface between contractors. Conclusions from this master thesis should be used only based on circumstances very similar to the set-up described in this report. Current carrying capabilities of power cables diverges depending on cable model, surrounding media, protective plastics and/or metals and many more properties of the system. Each system demands an investigation of it’s own, but systems containing power cables buried in plastic ducts can with support from this report be closely described.

No description available.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-07T12:18:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 catarinamattosbarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 10196740 bytes, checksum: bcd6015af6ac1fe57d36299302b84bbf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-07T21:40:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 catarinamattosbarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 10196740 bytes, checksum: bcd6015af6ac1fe57d36299302b84bbf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-07T21:40:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 catarinamattosbarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 10196740 bytes, checksum: bcd6015af6ac1fe57d36299302b84bbf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-26 / Sabendo-se que grande parte da população mundial vive em áreas geologicamente desfavoráveis e desprovidas de qualquer planejamento, esta dissertação apresenta uma pesquisa cuja temática é atual e de grande relevância no contexto urbano. Tal fato foi e continua sendo determinado pelo crescimento acelerado do processo de urbanização aliado à falta de controle e planejamento adequados ao uso do solo urbano. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor alternativas para a gestão das águas pluviais em comunidades de risco, estabelecidas em assentamentos precários, localizadas em áreas com infraestrutura insatisfatória e ambiente degradado, que contribuam para a redução de riscos da comunidade. A metodologia aplicada inicialmente é baseada em uma revisão bibliográfica multidisciplinar, que explora o contexto histórico, a formação, a natureza, as relações, os valores sociais e políticos, os conceitos, os riscos dos desastres naturais. Num segundo momento e tendo como base os conceitos teóricos sobre as soluções técnicas para drenagem superficial das águas pluviais e as condicionantes teóricas que validam essas soluções, foi aplicada uma nova metodologia através da elaboração de uma matriz de decisão adaptada da Metodologia para Desenvolvimento do Produto. Através da seleção de conceitos de produto, o somatório dos valores adotados para as condicionantes da matriz de decisão determinou o produto ou o conjunto de produtos passíveis de serem aplicados na gestão das águas pluviais em encostas acentuadas. Após a identificação das soluções viáveis, foi elaborada uma proposição de intervenção em local específico, tendo como base para a seleção da região, os dados das áreas de grau de risco a deslizamentos determinados pela Subsecretaria de Defesa Civil do município. / Given that much of the world's population lives in geologically unfavorable areas and devoid of any planning, this dissertation presents a research whose theme is current and highly relevant in the urban context. This fact has been and continues to be determined by the rapid growth of urbanization together with the lack of control and planning appropriate to the use of urban land. The main objective of this work is to propose alternatives for the management of stormwater at risk communities, established in slums located in areas with poor infrastructure and degraded environment, contributing to the community risk reduction. The methodology applied is initially based on a multidisciplinary literature review, which explores the historical background, training, nature, relationships, social and political values, concepts, the risks of natural disasters. Secondly, and based on the theoretical concepts of technical solutions for surface drainage of rainwater and the theoretical conditions that validate these solutions was applied a new methodology by developing a tailored decision matrix methodology for product development. By selecting product concepts, the sum of the values adopted for the constraints of decision matrix determined the product or set of products which can be applied in the management of rainwater on steep slopes. After the identification of viable solutions, an intervention proposition in a specific location was drawn up, taking as a basis for selection of the region, the data of risk degree of areas to mudslides determined by the Civil Defence Secretariat of the municipality.

Introdução - O ambiente psicossocial do trabalho em enfermagem influencia diretamente a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores desta área. Diferenças entre as categorias profissionais nesta profissão podem se traduzir em diferenças na percepção de saúde e de condições de trabalho. Objetivo - Avaliar as associações entre condições de trabalho e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) de enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem. Métodos Foram coletados dados em um hospital universitário no município de São Paulo, de uma população de 696 enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, população predominantemente feminina (87,8%) e que trabalhava em turnos diurno e noturno. Os dados coletados a partir de questionário correspondiam a informações sobre aspectos sóciodemográficos, condições de trabalho e de vida, hábitos de vida e sintomas de saúde referidos desta população. Foram também utilizados os questionários: Questionário Genérico de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida (SF-36), Escala de Estresse no Trabalho e Desequilíbrio Esforço-Recompensa (ERI). Foram ajustados modelos de regressão logística ordinal de chances proporcionais para cada dimensão do SF-36. Resultados Aproximadamente 22% da população foi classificada como trabalhando em condições de alto desgaste e 8% em desequilíbrio desfavorável entre esforços e recompensa no trabalho. Vitalidade, dor e saúde mental foram as dimensões do SF-36 com pior avaliação. Os modelos de regressão múltipla 5 demonstraram: alto comprometimento associado a todas as dimensões do SF-36, e ERI desfavorável associado a todas as dimensões relacionadas à saúde mental. Alto desgaste no trabalho, ERI desfavorável, alto comprometimento e ser enfermeira associaram-se de maneira independente aos resultados desfavoráveis da dimensão de aspectos emocionais. Conclusões As dimensões relacionadas à saúde mental foram as que mais sofreram influência dos fatores psicossociais do trabalho. ERI desfavorável e alto comprometimento mostraram-se mais significativos à saúde desta população comparados com altas demandas e baixo controle. Os resultados indicam que a análise conjunta dos modelos de desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa e demandacontrole contribui para a discussão sobre os papéis profissionais, condições de trabalho e QVRS de profissionais de enfermagem. / Introduction- The psychosocial work environment influences the quality of life of nursing professionals. Differences among job titles may lead to distinct perceptions of working conditions and health status. Aim-To evaluate working and living conditions and quality of life associated with health (HRQL) among nursing professionals. Methods- Six hundred ninety six nursing professionals, registered nurses and nurse assistants, predominantly females (87.8%), working day or night shifts, participated in a study carried out in an university hospital of São Paulo, Brazil. Data collection took place during 2004-2005 and included a comprehensive questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, life styles, working and living conditions, and health outcomes. HRQL was evaluated using the short form questionnaire of quality of life (SF-36). Working conditions included the job stress scale, effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and other environmental and occupational stressors. Ordinal logistic regression of proportional ratios was used to evaluate each of SF-36 dimensions. Results- Imbalance of the effort-reward ratio and high work strain were mentioned by 7.8% and 22.1% of the participants, respectively. Vitality, pain and (poor) mental health were the SF-36 worse perceived outcomes. The multiple regression models showed: over commitment associated with all SF-36 dimensions, and unfavorable ERI associated with mental health dimensions. High 7 job strain, unfavorable ERI, over commitment, and being a registered nurse were independently associated with negative emotional outcomes. Conclusions- The dimensions associated with mental health were significantly influenced by psychosocial factors at work. Unfavorable ERI and over commitment were more significantly associated with health compared to high demands and low control. These results show the importance to jointly evaluate ERI and demand- control models to discuss professional roles, working conditions and HRQL of nursing professionals.

Introdução - O ambiente psicossocial do trabalho em enfermagem influencia diretamente a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores desta área. Diferenças entre as categorias profissionais nesta profissão podem se traduzir em diferenças na percepção de saúde e de condições de trabalho. Objetivo - Avaliar as associações entre condições de trabalho e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) de enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem. Métodos Foram coletados dados em um hospital universitário no município de São Paulo, de uma população de 696 enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, população predominantemente feminina (87,8%) e que trabalhava em turnos diurno e noturno. Os dados coletados a partir de questionário correspondiam a informações sobre aspectos sóciodemográficos, condições de trabalho e de vida, hábitos de vida e sintomas de saúde referidos desta população. Foram também utilizados os questionários: Questionário Genérico de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida (SF-36), Escala de Estresse no Trabalho e Desequilíbrio Esforço-Recompensa (ERI). Foram ajustados modelos de regressão logística ordinal de chances proporcionais para cada dimensão do SF-36. Resultados Aproximadamente 22% da população foi classificada como trabalhando em condições de alto desgaste e 8% em desequilíbrio desfavorável entre esforços e recompensa no trabalho. Vitalidade, dor e saúde mental foram as dimensões do SF-36 com pior avaliação. Os modelos de regressão múltipla 5 demonstraram: alto comprometimento associado a todas as dimensões do SF-36, e ERI desfavorável associado a todas as dimensões relacionadas à saúde mental. Alto desgaste no trabalho, ERI desfavorável, alto comprometimento e ser enfermeira associaram-se de maneira independente aos resultados desfavoráveis da dimensão de aspectos emocionais. Conclusões As dimensões relacionadas à saúde mental foram as que mais sofreram influência dos fatores psicossociais do trabalho. ERI desfavorável e alto comprometimento mostraram-se mais significativos à saúde desta população comparados com altas demandas e baixo controle. Os resultados indicam que a análise conjunta dos modelos de desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa e demandacontrole contribui para a discussão sobre os papéis profissionais, condições de trabalho e QVRS de profissionais de enfermagem. / Introduction- The psychosocial work environment influences the quality of life of nursing professionals. Differences among job titles may lead to distinct perceptions of working conditions and health status. Aim-To evaluate working and living conditions and quality of life associated with health (HRQL) among nursing professionals. Methods- Six hundred ninety six nursing professionals, registered nurses and nurse assistants, predominantly females (87.8%), working day or night shifts, participated in a study carried out in an university hospital of São Paulo, Brazil. Data collection took place during 2004-2005 and included a comprehensive questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, life styles, working and living conditions, and health outcomes. HRQL was evaluated using the short form questionnaire of quality of life (SF-36). Working conditions included the job stress scale, effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and other environmental and occupational stressors. Ordinal logistic regression of proportional ratios was used to evaluate each of SF-36 dimensions. Results- Imbalance of the effort-reward ratio and high work strain were mentioned by 7.8% and 22.1% of the participants, respectively. Vitality, pain and (poor) mental health were the SF-36 worse perceived outcomes. The multiple regression models showed: over commitment associated with all SF-36 dimensions, and unfavorable ERI associated with mental health dimensions. High 7 job strain, unfavorable ERI, over commitment, and being a registered nurse were independently associated with negative emotional outcomes. Conclusions- The dimensions associated with mental health were significantly influenced by psychosocial factors at work. Unfavorable ERI and over commitment were more significantly associated with health compared to high demands and low control. These results show the importance to jointly evaluate ERI and demand- control models to discuss professional roles, working conditions and HRQL of nursing professionals.

(in English) This diploma thesis focuses on the topic of training and support of volunteers from the HoSt Home-Start CR organization. The aim was to find out an opinion of volunteers and coordinators on the quality of their training and support, provided by the organization. The second aim was to find out how much are the volunteers ready to volunteer in a client's family. Gathered information will serve coordinators as a guideline for improving the services for volunteers. The outcome of this diploma thesis is a questionnaire, which will help the organization to get a feedback from future absolvents of the training. The theoretical part focuses on four main topics - volunteering, volunteer, family and options of its support, volunteering in the field of family support. Results of my research inside the organisation are presented in the practical part. I chose semi-structured interviews as my research method. They were done with volunteers and coordinators of the organization. Recommendations for changes in particular subjects of training and support have resulted from the answers of the respondents. These results are summarized at the end of my thesis.

The diploma thesis deals with the experiences of emergency medical workers when going to patients in an unfavorable social situation. Medical rescue service according to Act No. 374/2011 Coll. on emergency medical services, should provide pre-hospital emergency care to patients in acute life-threatening conditions. Nevertheless, the crews of the ambulance service go to patients whose problems fall more into the social field. These patients do not primarily need medical intervention, yet rescuers in the field have to deal with these situations. The aim of the diploma thesis was to find out and compare the experience of rescuers when going to patients in an unfavorable social situation. Find out how rescuers experience and interpret these situations, what situations they encounter during these trips and how they understand the concept of an unfavorable social situation. The theoretical part of this work deals with the definition of basic concepts in the field of emergency medical services and social work. The empirical part is devoted to qualitative research. It contains a description of the research methodology, analysis of interviews with rescuers and their evaluation. The result of the research is evidence that on an almost daily basis, lifeguards deal with these situations with clients...

This thesis deals with the life of mothers with children in the shelter. The thesis maps expectations of these women about living in the shelter in the confrontation with their real experience. The thesis is divided into several parts. Theoretical part consists of nine subchapters where the basic concepts related to the issue of social services - shelters, unfavorable social situation, social exclusion and social inclusion are defined. The thesis describes the principles of the activity of shelters for mothers with children, deals with the state of care for mothers with children in our country and characterizes the development and changes in the function of the family. The thesis also deals with the reasons leading to the loss of housing, the issues of homelessness and housing accessibility. It describes and characterizes the possibilities of social protection of mothers with children without home, besides social services - shelters also conditions for entitlement to social benefits and the relevant legislation. The empirical part defines the objectives, research methods and results, which are illustrated and described in tables, discussion and final summary. The main aim of the thesis was to find out the expectations of the mothers with children about the life in the shelter in confrontation with their real experience. The partial objectives of the thesis were to find out for what causes mothers with children come to the shelter and how their needs are met. Research questions have been identified for these objectives: For what reasons do mothers with children seek for help in the shelter? What are the expectations of mothers with children about living in the shelter? What is the real experience of mothers with children living in the shelter? Were the expectations of mothers with children about living in the shelter met? Empirical part of the thesis was processed by the method of qualitative research using semi-structured interview with opened questions. For data evaluation the method of open coding was used. The research group consisted of six women - mothers with children living in the shelter in the South Bohemian Region. Given the sensitivity of the topic the identification data of women and the shelter were not mentioned in this thesis. The research pointed out the issue of (in)availability of housing for single mothers with children in the unfavorable social situation. The most common reason for loss of housing is the break-up of the partnership, the dismissal of housing and lack of funds. The research also revealed that the main expectation of all interviewed women is to provide accommodation and stay with their children. This thesis helped to find out which services the clients seek the most and whether their needs are fulfilled.