The diploma thesis deals with the nutrition of breastfeeding women. The aim was to analyze the nutritional intake of energy, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and fluids during lactation. For this purpose, the theoretical part gathered knowledge about the intake of substrates and their importance in nutrition with a focus on breastfeeding women. The monitoring took place in three separate lactation periods, namely the 3rd week after birth and the last weeks of the 3rd and 6th month of breastfeeding. At the end of every period, each of the 20 breastfeeding women involved completed a questionnaire, in which they kept a weekly record of the food and fluids consumed. The NutriDan nutritional program and the Excel program for statistical processing of results were used to calculate the number of received substrates. The values obtained were compared with the recommendations of the Nutrition Society valid for the Czech Republic. Nutrient intake did not differ statistically significantly between breastfeeding or between days of the week. The central findings of the study are insufficient energy intake compared to the recommended and relatively lower intake of carbohydrates in the diet at the expense of higher protein intake. Furthermore, the consumption of cholesterol and saturated fatty acids significantly...

Taurine is a non-essential amino acid occurring as 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, which has the largest share in animal tissues. Taurine is an amino acid derivative of cysteine is involved in several physiological processes of powerful antioxidant properties. Its deficiency causes damage to the heart muscle. Involved in lipid metabolism and has a positive effect on blood cholesterol. Taurine is used among athletes, which reduces the level of lactic acid. Together with caffeine and guarana with taurine found in energy drinks. For its positive qualities taurine considered as a functional food. In our experiments 400 taps are divided into 8 groups of 50 individuals were from the 10th day of age fed feed mixture BR 1 second BR 2 contains taurine at levels of 0, 250, 500, 750 mg / kg of the mixture. Used blends diets were created as isonitrogenous and isoenergetics. The feeding mixture was carried out on ad libitum in granular form from tube feeders. At the end of the monitoring period were evaluated: growth during the feeding experimental mixtures, consumption and feed conversion and mortality. The difference in final weight between the experimental group of 750 mg / kg of taurine enriched feed mixture and the taurine-free feed mixture was 72 g. Influence of added taurine on growth of chicken describe equation y=2347,8 -0,0941 x (R2=0,9151), where x= mg taurine per kg mixture. How much and at which condition has taurine influence on depression of growth, will be necessarily confirm in the others experiments.

The diploma thesis describes the importance of education of young athletes in the field of nutrition. The theoretical part describes nutrition for children. It explains which macronutrients and micronutrients exist and why they are important for the child's body. Furthermore, sports nutrition for children and adolescents is discussed. Last but not least, the basic concepts associated with education, motivation and the influence of food on the mental and physical development of children and adolescents are explained. To meet the main purpose of this work, four goals were set. The first three goals are to compare two groups of boys. The first group of boys has been included in regional football academies for a long time and has been educated about proper nutrition in the past when joining the regional football academy and then in the following years. In the second group, the boys who come to the regional football academy are new, have never been instructed in proper nutrition before and will be educated for the first time. The comparison outlines whether and what is the difference between the results of body composition and diet of previously educated boys compared to those who were newly informed. The fourth goal was to verify whether and what is the importance of education and educational materials...

This paper deals with the nutrition of selected population groups associated with eating disorders. It also describes school meals in the Czech Republic, introduces basic legislative requirements for school meals. The practical part of the thesis contains information about the survey by means of the questionnaire survey and evaluates nutritional knowledge, eating habits, predisposition to eating disorders in children from selected elementary schools.

First part of the theoretical charter presents the nutrition guidelines. It explains the concept of energy expenditure and energy intake which meansthemain food components, the in importance and influence on the human body. In the theoretical part, ther also a chapter illustrating the regulatory mechanisms in volved in food intake. It offers, as well, the topic of overweight and obesity, their causes, complications and treatment options. The methods to determine the body composition and physical parameters are mentioned in conclusion of the theoretical part. The practical part is focused on monitoring of the development of energy intake, fats, carbohydrates and proteins of participants of weight loss program STOB. The irvalues are measured at the beginning and attheend of the program. The data are statistically evaluated by the software STATISTICA 12. The input data are taken during the first program 'sweek. The final values are compared with the recommended ones.

The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of selected specialty fertilizers on the quality of nursery plants. The experiment was established in May 2013 and lasted for one growing season. It compares five options. To enrich the growing media nutrients were applied NPK fertilizer with micronutrients, Multicote 8 M, Osmocote 5-6 M and T Nutricote 100 for fertilizing during the growing season Kristalon Vega, Kristalon Gena, Yara Mila Complex and Vitality Complex. The experiment included 1 000 plants botanical species Cotoneaster dammeri SCHNEID. Endpoint was the length of the longest growth, the number of shoots, root system volume and the number of dead plants. Best results were achieved variant K, which was used for a combination of NPK fertilizer with micronutrients, Kristalon and Yara Mila Complex. Followed by variant fertilized combination products Multicote 8 M, Kristalon and Vitality Complex. Worse results were achieved by a combination of variants of fertilization Kristalon. The substrate for these variants were enriched fertilizers Multicom 8 M, Osmocote 5-6 M and Nutricote T 100, where the worst-hit variant using Nutricote T 100. Highest incidence of dead plants was in the variant K.

The aim of PhD thesis was to check effects of balanced mixed feeding rations of dairy cows at the different stages of reproduction cycle, to ensure minimal occurrence of metabolic diseases, and improve the health of animals. Selected indicators for the metabolic profile of blood plasma in 10 cows in each established group (calving preparation, early lactation and peak of lactation) were measured. In terms of protein metabolism we found in two cases significant differences in plasma total protein concentration of cows in groups calving preparation and early lactation. The concentration of bilirubin in plasma increased in the group of early cows. But there were no found significant differences. On the contrary, in the case of AST, significant differences between cows in group calving preparation and early lactation were detected. Parameters of lipids metabolism did not significantly change as well as parameters of mineral metabolism. The blood plasma calcium concentrations show a significant difference in the groups calving preparation and early lactation. The highest values of calcium achieved cows in the group of calving preparation.

Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is plant which is in Czech Republic cultivated and consumed for a long time. Czech Republic was the biggest producer of poppy seeds in the world. It is not true currently but Czech Republic is still one of the most important producers of poppy. Czech growers produce high quality poppy seeds but they had several problems during last years. For example fluctuation of price of poppy and bad weather condition. Those problems influenced crop. Those complications caused that growers of poppy try to have stable yields for good profit. Yield parameters, such as amount and quality of poppy seeds and volume of alkaloids, are the most important for growers. Amount and quality of poppy seeds are important for food industry and volume of alkaloids for pharmaceutical industry. The parameters are influenced especially by climatic and soil conditions. Growers are not able to influence climatic factors such as intensity and regularity of rainfalls, actual temperature and wind conditions. But they can influence other factors by good agrotechnical interventions. One of the most important parameters for good growth of poppy is volume of elements in soil, especially nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium and microelements, boron and zinc. Except that things is very important good soil treatment, suitable technology, right term for sowing and choice of good seeds. For intensive producing of poppy seeds is very important protection against pests, diseases and weed. Like prevention is important good soil treatment and other things such as application of pesticides, herbicides and fungicides and seed dressing by fungicides. This work includes general overview about poppy growing focusing on influence of mineral fertilizers on yields of different variety of poppy. We did experiment, the goal of experiment was to find out influence of application of mineral fertilizers on poppy yields. We used two different variety of poppy and we evaluated influence of said factors. Subjects of observation were yield parameters, amount of plants on 1m2, weight of poppy, weight of capsules and HTS (weight of thousand seeds).

This thesis deals with the influence of hempseed cakes in feed mixtures on the sensory meat quality of broiler chickens. During the experiment broiler chickens were fed with feed mixtures containing 5 % and 15 % of hempseed cakes and compared with the control group deprived of hempseed cakes. The total carcass yield, carcass yield of breast and thigh muscle, the amount of dry matter, crude protein and fat were determined. The pH and color of meat were measured and at the end of this experiment sensory evaluation of breast and thigh muscle was performed. For most sensory descriptors statistically significant differences were not demonstrated. Sensory evaluation of breast muscle determined a statistically significant difference (P < 0,05) with descriptors of odour and fibrousness. Sensory evaluation of thigh muscle showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0,05) with descriptors of odour, color, fibrousness and flavour.

Diploma thesis deals with content of assimilable nitrogen in grape must during fermentation. Theoretical section included chapters concerned with defininition of assimilable nitrogen and its organic and anorganic forms, nitrogen evolution during grape berry maturation and its utilization (catabolite repression, amino acids utilization, composed of catabolism and synthesis). Following chapters describes negatives, on the one side lack of nitrogen (growth of biomass, stuck and sluggish fermentation, production of sulfur compounds) and on the other side abundance of nitrogen (production of higher alcohols, acetic acid, ethyl carbamate and sulfur compound) In research section, experiment was carried out on must of Chardonnay variety. Must subdivided into three groups, repeated twice. First two groups, Nutristart oraniq supplements were added according to recommended dosage. Third group was control group, without added supplements. Results were acquired from following apparatuses: Titroline Easy, Miura One and FTIR spectrometer BRUKER ALPHA and were processed with Excel and STATISTICA. Experiment was complemented with sensory evaluation.