全球疫苗市場85%是五大疫苗廠Sanofi Pasteur、MSD、GSK、Pfizer及Novartis所寡占。跟隨著研發技術發展、持續的疫苗政策、疾病地區化、公衛防治的提升，極大的市場需求，加速疫苗上市持續帶動疫苗產業成長。疫苗的預防接種是防治傳染病，最直接及最具經濟效益的投資，也是國家防疫能力的展現。本研究主要目的為彙整全球疫苗產業總體產業環境現況，探討影響全球疫苗產業發展之關鍵因素及我國疫苗政策發展。 本研究的主要研究方法，採用檔案分析與個案研究法，前者包括次級資料收集及彙整，後者包括疫苗政策形成、實務推動之相關人士的訪談。 本研究的結論 (1)寡占的疫苗產業及疫苗產業地區化的發展趨勢，是影響未來全球疫苗產業及我國疫苗產業發展之關鍵因素。(2)財源籌集制度會影響我國疫苗政策的擬定。(3)疫苗受害救濟機制與持續教育是疫苗政策推動必要之輔助制度。(4)提升疫苗產業成為國家經濟產業，是突破法規鴻溝及研發速度的產業扶植手段之一。 / Over 85% of vaccine market was controlled by top 5 vaccine manufactures: Sanofi Pasteur, MSD, GSK, Pfizer, and Novartis. Nowadays, research and development technology are advancing; vaccine policies are continued; diseases are regionalized; public health control and prevention are increased. Thus, an extreme market demand resulted and expedited the introduction of vaccines to the markets, driving the ongoing growth of the vaccine market. Vaccination is the most direct and cost-effective investment against infectious diseases and also the demonstration of a country’s ability to against the disease outbreak. The purpose of this study was to summarize the trend of the vaccine market and explore key factors affecting the development of the global vaccine market and vaccine policy in Taiwan. This study was carried out mainly through documentation method and in depth interview case study. Documentation method included the collection and summary of secondary data while the interview case study was to interview the experts who were involved in the formation of vaccine policy and promotion. Conclusions of this study are：(1)The top 5 vaccine manufactures and vaccine industry regionalization are the key factors affecting the development of the vaccine market across the world as well as Taiwan in the future；(2)The vaccine financing affects the formulation of vaccine policy in Taiwan；(3)The vaccine injury compensation program and continuing education as auxiliary systems are necessary mechanisms for the vaccine policy promotion；and (4)Promoting the vaccine industry to the national economic industry level is one of the ways to amend regulatory gaps and advance R&D speed for the benefit of the industry.