Graduation date: 1995

No description available.

Thesis--University of Washington. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Abo Akademi, 1961. / "This investigation was carried out at the Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Helsingfors, during the years 1956-1960." Includes bibliographical references ([142]-148).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-145).

Laminar entrained flow reactor (LEFR) was used to determine the effect of temperature and residence time on the distribution of carbon, sulfur and nitrogen between gaseous and condensed phase products from low temperature pyrolysis of kraft black liquor. The operating furnace temperatures were between 400��C-600��C where the effect of condensable organic and organic sulfur compounds may be important. The residence times ranged from 0.3 to 2.0 seconds. In the evolution of carbon as gases, an oxidizer was used to convert all oxidizable components in LEFR effluent gas to carbon dioxide which was detected by an infrared carbon dioxide meter. With this, measurement of total carbon in the gas phase, the fine particles, and the char residue were made. The carbon yield in the gas phase increased as residence time increased. The higher the temperature, the higher the carbon yield as gases phase at each residence time. The carbon yield in the fine particles differed very little with temperature at residence time below 1.1 seconds. At higher temperature, the carbon yield in the fine particles is about the same at 500��C and 600��C, but lower at 400��C. The carbon yield in the char residue decreased as residence time increased. The carbon yield in the char residue at 500��C and residence time above 1.1 seconds was a little lower than at temperature 600��C, due to an apparent loss of char at 500��C. The char yield at 500��C was lower than expected based on the 400��C and 600��C data because of accumulation of larger, more highly swollen char particles at the tip of collector at this temperature. The average of the sum of carbon recovered as char residue, gases, and fine particles was 96.2% at 600��C, 88.1% at 500��C, and 95.7% at 400��C. The main reason for the poorer carbon recovery at 500��C was the loss of char particles which accumulated on the tip of the collector. When the char yield at 500��C is increased so that the carbon balance closed to 96%, the char yield, carbon yield, and sulfur yield at 500��C fell between the values at 400��C and 600��C. The sulfur yield in the char residue decreased as residence time increased. The higher the temperature, the lower the sulfur yield in the char residue. The nitrogen yield in the char residue also decreased as residence time increased. / Graduation date: 1997

Graduation date: 1995

Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).

Thesis (Ph.D.) in Chemical Enigneering--University of Maine, 2006. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-193).