Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Supervisor: John E. Roueche. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Wong Siu Wai Winnie. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-153). / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgment --- p.iii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1. --- Ecumenical Grassroots Development Center and the Welfare Campaign --- p.3 / Chapter 2. --- Literature Review and Methodology --- p.19 / Chapter 3. --- The Empowerment Process --- p.36 / Chapter 4. --- The Free-Riders --- p.72 / Chapter 5. --- Selective Incentives: A Panacea? --- p.93 / Chapter 6. --- Mobilizing Acts of EGDC --- p.108 / Conclusion --- p.137 / Appendix I --- p.146 / Appendix II --- p.149 / Bibliography --- p.150

黎玲寶. / "2005年2月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2005. / 參考文獻(leaves 136-140). / "2005 nian 2 yue". / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Li Lingbao. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 136-140). / 圖片及相片 --- p.iii / 表格及圖表 --- p.iv / 致謝 --- p.v / 摘要（中文） --- p.vi / 摘要（英文） --- p.vii / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1-22 / 研究背景 --- p.1 / 硏究主題 --- p.2 / 硏究目的 --- p.6 / 相關文獻 --- p.6 / 硏究方法 --- p.16 / 硏究中遇到的困難 --- p.21 / 硏究意義 --- p.22 / Chapter 第二章 --- 基層家庭互助會 --- p.23-42 / 荃灣合一社會服務中心 --- p.24 / 基層會的管理架構和會員情況 --- p.27 / 會員服務 --- p.30 / 權益工作 --- p.34 / 總結 --- p.41 / Chapter 第三章 --- 綜援家庭之生計及經濟難題 --- p.43-70 / 因綜援金產生之問題 --- p.47 / 生活開支（一）：食物開支 --- p.51 / 生活開支（二）：子女教育及醫藥開支 --- p.57 / 生活開支（三）：住屋租金 --- p.62 / 失去經濟收入的主導權 --- p.63 / 總結 --- p.68 / Chapter 第四章 --- 綜援家庭所面對之壓力及社交關係 --- p.71-97 / (一）傳媒報 導 --- p.71 / (二）與社工相處的壓 力 --- p.74 / (三）來自義工朋友的壓 力 --- p.78 / (四）社會人士歧視的壓 力 --- p.80 / 受訪家庭所面對的歧視情況 --- p.83 / 社交關係 --- p.91 / 總結 --- p.97 / Chapter 第五章 --- 家庭及價値觀 --- p.98-118 / 父母寄望子女成材 --- p.100 / 家庭的維繫 --- p.103 / 抗拒領取綜援 --- p.106 / 有經濟價値才是「正確」 --- p.107 / 樂觀積極，以「平常心」面對困難 --- p.111 / 相信命運？ --- p.114 / 總結 --- p.117 / Chapter 第六章 --- 總結 --- p.119-126 / 受訪家庭之需要 --- p.120 / 貧窮問題 --- p.122 / 貧窮文化之體現？ --- p.123 / 結語 --- p.124 / 附錄一深入硏究的家庭之基本資料 --- p.127-129 / 附錄二基層會通訊內容：香港貧窮線硏究的專題介紹 --- p.130 / 附錄三基層會通訊內容：提供最新的綜援金額資料 --- p.131 / 附錄四綜援金額計算表 --- p.132-135 / 參考書目 --- p.136-140

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

Poverty management has been institutionalized in affluent societies. Individuals are less vulnerable to starvation, but it does not mean they are exempt from plight. The issue of respect and recognition is high on the agenda. Poverty amidst plenty arouses suspicion and incites hostility. Civil inequality makes a place inhospitable. In this regard, I wish to revitalize the poverty debate by working on two key concepts: craftsmanship and citizenship. We can see craftsman and citizen in local Comprehensive Social Security Assistance (CSSA) mothers, in particular in the career and life history of them. Craftsmanship describes a fundamental impulse in humanity: the desire to do a job well for its own sake. A craftsman aims to get better rather than get by or get ahead. Life adds up when practiced as a craft. Citizenship is concerned about human association: how should we live together? Of particular note is the virtue of citizens. To make sense of their orientation to act, I approach citizenship as lived practice. These two sentiments are aptly tracked down from life history analysis, studying individuals as a process of social becoming. The key is to identify social gateways, in the forms of significant events and encounters, leading to social innovation. My investigation witnesses the making of a career of respect. For CSSA mothers, the starting point is located in a life crisis. All felicity wish is misfired; their lives sink into victimization. To lift them out of this state, it requires an awakening. The small voice of a child may make a magic. This hints at the situational imperatives of parenthood, which is often the key to revive a soul. The welfare of their children cries out for a halt in self-pity. Mothers respond by making a baby step, venturing into unfamiliar territories and trying out new things. Chances are that they will be in touch with expert systems against the backdrop of the institutionalization of poverty management. Government bureaucracies and NGOs from civil society especially come to their aid. Apart from professionals, ordinary folk, like a community of women, can be sociable experts. Together, they boost reflexivity, resourcefulness, and resilience. Greater transformation takes place in an enabling social space. Of exceptional significance is the transcendence from the smaller “I” in isolation to the bigger “we” whose future belongs to a common project. Three types of crafted citizens are identified. The metaphors of kangaroos, beavers, and watchdogs are used to give credit to their contributions to parenting, community building, and policy campaign respectively. In the end, three lessons are drawn. The first campaigns for social space at the meso level that is proven to contribute a great deal to the career of respect. The second addresses the issue of care by advocating a universal caregiver model. The third puts forward a new welfare contract to cope with public legitimacy about CSSA. These lessons concern us all if what matters to us are human flourishing, gender equity, and solidarity. / published_or_final_version / Sociology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Australian government Mutual Obligations welfare policies, key features of contemporary Australian welfare reforms are the focus of this study. The subjectivities of poor and working class young women and girls and the subject positions made available to them through Mutual Obligations policies are focal points. A key concern is, 'How do Mutual Obligations policies, their texts, discourses and implementation strategies construct the subjectivities of Australian poor and working class young women and girls?' This study asks what subject positions are made available by the policy, how policy discourses are taken up and enacted by policy subjects, and enquires after the lived effects of government policies. / thesis (PhD)--University of South Australia, 2004.

The study explored a model that integrates human capital, family resource, employment and psychosocial factors to explain variation in economic self-sufficiency (ESS) among single mothers. A sample of 851 single mothers on Aid to Families with Dependent Children was selected from the Washington State Family Income Study data base. Data from a three-year period (6/88-5/91) were utilized to describe and analyze single mothers in transition from welfare. When compared to a sample of non-poor single mothers, mothers on public assistance differed significantly in several ways: They were younger, had more children and were more likely to have parents who received public assistance. Educational levels were significantly lower, as was employment activity. Economic self-sufficiency was measured as the ratio of welfare benefits to household income. Degree of ESS improved over the three-year period: While 60 percent of single mothers relied on welfare for more than half their income in the first year, only 45 percent did by the third year. In analyzing differences in degrees of economic self-sufficiency among single mothers, the following groups of mothers had significantly higher degrees of welfare reliance: never-married and divorced mothers; mothers with a child under age two; mothers with three or more children; non-white mothers; and mothers living in public housing. A path analysis was conducted to determine the relative influence of human capital, family resource, employment and psychosocial factors on later economic self-sufficiency. Number of children and receipt of subsidies positively affected welfare reliance. Education, number of adults in the household and number of months employed negatively affected degree of welfare reliance. A key finding was that, after controlling for differences in human capital, family resources and employment activity, workplace support retained a highly significant, inverse relationship with degree of welfare reliance. Sense of personal control and social support had both direct and indirect effects on degree of welfare reliance, establishing that psychosocial factors mediate impacts of human capital, family and employment factors on economic self-sufficiency. The results support the viability of utilizing stress models to examine objective economic outcomes in future research. / Graduation date: 1993

Thesis (doctoral)--Göteborgs universitet, 2002. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.