William Turner remains an understudied figure of Reformation scholarship. He was a dedicated doctor, scientist, and Lutheran reformer. This thesis examines Turner and his place in the history of ideas. It looks closely at his three editions of A Comparison Betweene the Olde Learnynge and the Newe (1537, 1538, 1548) and explores how these texts fit into the history of ideas and reflect the larger religious debate occurring in England in the 16th century. It also explores Turner's connection to the German reformer Urbanus Rhegius. I argue the connection between these two men and their writings function as a microcosm of the Reformation. / Master of Arts

William Turner unternahm 1835 eine Reise, die ihn nach Norddeutschland, an die Elbe bis nach Prag führte. Anhand seines Skizzenbuchs 'Dresden and the Saxon Switzerland' hat die Autorin Turners Ausflug in die Sächsische Schweiz rekonstruiert, seine Blickpunkte ermittelt und diese in den Kontext der wesentlichen Landschafts- und Vedutenmalerei und der damit zusammenhängenden Reproduktionsgrafik bis 1835 eingeordnet. Damit einhergehend hat sie Turners künstlerisches Herangehen in der Natur durch eigene Fotografie untersucht.:1. Einleitung 2 2. Turners Interesse an Dresden und der Sächsischen Schweiz 2 3. Ausflug in die Sächsische Schweiz 4 3.1. Sächsische Schweiz als künstlerischer und touristischer Ort 4 3.2. Turners Route und künstlerisches Herangehen 5 3.2.1. Pillnitz 6 3.2.2. Lohmen und Uttewalder Grund 6 3.2.3. Bastei 10 3.2.4. Hohnstein 13 3.2.5. Schandau 16 3.2.6. Königstein 20 3.2.7. Pirna 23 4. Besuch in Weesenstein 28 5. Zusammenfassung 31 6. Anhang 32 6.1. Literaturverzeichnis 32 6.2. Quellenverzeichnis 33 6.3. Abbildungsverzeichnis 34 6.4. Foto- und Copyrightnachweis 36 6.5. Abkürzungsverzeichnis 37

In broad terms, this thesis is a study of what Protestant theologians in early modern England taught regarding the interdependence between physical health and spirituality. More precisely, it examines the specific and complex doctrines taught regarding health-related issues in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and evaluates the consistency of these messages over time. A component of the controversial Protestant-science hypothesis introduced in the early twentieth century is that advancements in science were driven by the Protestant ethic of needing to control nature and every aspect therein. This thesis challenges this notion. Within the context of health, sickness and death, the doctrine of providence evident in Protestant soteriology emphasised complete submission to God's sovereign will. Rather, this overriding doctrine negated the need to assume any control. Moreover, this thesis affirms that the directives theologians delivered governing physical health remained consistent across this span, despite radical changes taking place in medicine during the same period. This consistency shows the stability and strength of this message. Each chapter offers a comprehensive analysis on what Protestant theologians taught regarding the health of the body as well as the soul. The inclusion of more than one hundred seventy sermons and religious treatises by as many as one hundred twenty different authors spanning more than two hundred years laid a fertile groundwork for this study. The result of this work provides an extensive survey of theological teachings from these religious writers over a large span of time.