The life history research reported here, explores Becoming, Othering, and Mothering experiences of Korean immigrant women with White dominant culture English speaking Canadian-born spouses, and is guided by the research questions: (1) How do the Korean immigrant women who have White dominant culture English speaking Canadian-born spouses describe their linguistic and cultural integration into their intercultural families and Canadian society? (2) How do they negotiate and reconstruct their identities? (3) How do they describe their strengths and challenges as foreign wives and immigrant mothers in intercultural families and as immigrants in Canadian society? and (4) How do they deal with their children’s dual languages, cultures and identities? Multiple life history interviews were conducted with seven participants; additionally, the researcher’s autoethnography was included. The data were examined through reflexive analysis—within-case analysis, and across-case analysis—and interpreted through an interpretivist perspective (Crotty, 1998; Mack, 2010). Emergent themes in three main categories include—becoming, othering and mothering—each of which is discussed in terms of language socialization, linguistic and cultural power relations, and the impact of linguistic and cultural integration and power relations on participants’ identities. This research brings to attention the circumstances of linguistically, culturally, and racially marginalized minority people in Canada. When the intercultural family is viewed as a microcosm of Canada’s multicultural society, this research provides to both dominant-culture Canadians and minority group people, awareness of how linguistic, cultural, and racial hegemony marginalizes minority people in Canada. / May 2016

本論文旨在從心理分析和女性主義的立場探討女性的母職對兩性人格發展 及其再製產生的影響，主要根據Nancy Chodorow的論述為依歸作此主題的 推演。發軔於十九世紀的女性主義經歷第一波、第二波婦運的洗禮及經濟 大蕭條、兩次世界大戰的衝擊，發展出各類因應時代變遷及婦女需求的理 論，由政權參與、經濟獨立、法律權利、婚姻自由、身體自主等議題一路 行來，歷經重重險阻，女性的母職始終是婦女排徊猶豫的十字路口，成為 今日女性主義者關注的焦點，因為它深刻地影響了女性的人格特質及兩性 關係的互動。 Chodorow以對象關係的理論基礎出發，佐以女性主義及社 會學的相關理論，融貫為其個人獨到精闢的見解。她由質疑女性母職的合 理性起始，詳細闡述女性的母職如何深植於人們的意識與潛意識之中的過 程及其對兩性人格發展及關係形成的影響。由於女性母職的排外與獨佔、 母親對兒子、女兒不同的態度，使得兩性在前伊底帕斯時期、伊底帕斯時 期的對象關係有不同的發展，其解決伊底帕斯情結的程度亦有所差異，此 導致日後兩性迴異的人格特質及感情關係。最顯著的差別是男性面對女性 時趨於防衛的態度，不善表達感情且將精力集於工作領域。女性則有在關 係中建立自我的需要，但是男性的封閉妨衛無法滿足女性的感情需求，若 轉向同性又有觸犯社會禁忌－同性戀之虞，女性惟有試圖由自己的孩子身 上尋得感情關係的滿足。由此，母子間密切的聯結再度形成，兩性的人格 特質及女性的母職便依此模式代代複製，循環不已。Chodorow認為解決之 道在於由兩性共同擔負撫育下一代的職責，使兩性孩童在均衡的親職中培 養相同的能力及平等的人格發展，以打破女性母職獨佔、再製的代代循環 ，創造嶄新、開闊的兩性關係。本篇論文共分五章。第一章為前言，第二 章介紹女性主義興發的時代背景及各主要派別的基本論述；第三章說明心 理分析派女性主義的主要論點及心理分析與女性主義二者間的牽連；第四 章闡述Chodorow對女性母職產生、再製過程及其影響的詳細推演；第五章 為結論，評析Chodorow母職再製理論的貢獻和缺失。