Min uppsats handlar om Woody Allens skildring av staden. Det är inte New York denna uppsats handlar om, utan om de europeiska storstäderna London, Barcelona, Paris och Rom. I dessa städer har Woody Allen spelat in fem filmer. Dessa filmer är Match Point (2006), Scoop (2007), Vicky Cristina Barcelona (2008), Midnight in Paris (2011) och To Rome With Love (2012). Det ryktas även att hans nästa filmprojekt kommer att utspela sig i en europeisk storstad.  Varje film visar utvalda sidor av respektive stad. Allen väljer att visa utvalda sidor av staden, som utgör vilket uttryck staden ger till filmens berättande. Därav får åskådaren motsvarande intryck av hur Woody Allen ser på staden. Exempelvis handlar dessa val om hur filmen kartlägger staden, hur karaktären förändrar sina åsikter när den befinner sig i staden, och hur moraliska imperativ i storstadsturism framkommer genom filmen. Allen har nämligen använt sig både av ikoniska byggnader som indikerar respektive stad, som Eiffeltornet för Paris, men samtidigt visat mindre kända miljöer av respektive stad. Han har med andra ord varvat klichéklassade stadsvyer med mer personliga vyer av andra, mindre kända, delar av respektive stad.                       Trots att de första filmerna Match Point (2006) och Scoop (2007), som utspelas i London, inte nödvändigtvis handlar om turism, handlar de ändå om en amerikanska som besöker en icke-amerikansk stad, på andra sidan Atlanten. Samtliga filmer jag undersöker i denna uppsats handlar om olika typer av amerikaner som besöker europeiska städer. På olika sätt påverkas nämligen dessa amerikaner av respektive stad. Dessa sätt jämförs med hur med 1920-talets stadssymfonier och 1950-talets ”runaway romances”. I urvalda filmer från 1950-talet fungerade nämligen Europa som en tillflyktsort för amerikaner som ville hitta sitt jag och inleda affärer. Jag har kommit fram till att identitetssökande och otrohet i Woody Allens filmer är mer legitimerade än det var på 1950-talet. Dessutom liknar Allens Parisfilm och Romfilm stadssymfonier från 1920-talet. Dessa filmtrender från 1900-talets första hälft hänger då ihop med Allens filmer från 2000-talet. Detta förklaras i en djupgående närläsning av Woody Allens sätt att skildra europeiska städer. I denna analys dissekeras turistbegreppet, hur den skiljer sig från resenärsbegreppet och hur tiden har förändrat hur amerikanska turisterna förhåller sig till respektive stad och invånarna i respektive stad.

Fire is the most significant natural disturbance agent in the MSdm biogeoclimatic subzone and has a determinant role in the dynamics of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia Engelm.ex S.Wats.) dominated forests. Fire severity is a controversial term that usually refers to a qualitative measure of the fire effects on soil and vegetation and ultimately on ecosystem sustainability. The main objective of the thesis was to evaluate methods for quantifying and modelling the effects of fire severity on live biomass and dead organic matter and post-fire coarse woody debris (CWD) dynamics. A review of the representation of fire in models was conducted and several of the most commonly used fire models in North America have been described in terms of fire severity representation. The potential for developing the fire severity concept as a fire effects descriptor in an ecosystem management model were assessed. Severity matrices summarizing the probabilities of occurrence for fires of varying severity were constructed for two sites in the MSdm biogeoclimatic subzone of British Columbia, using weather data and past fire records. These matrices provide information to improve fire representation in the ecosystem based model FORECAST by quantifying the effects of fire severity on dead and live biomass components. Although this represents only a preliminary step, the severity matrix approach appears toprovide a viable methodology for improving the representation of fire effects in FORECAST. Patterns of post-fire coarse woody debris (CWD) accumulation were also assessed in the context of model development. Data were collected from a chronosequence of fire affected sites in the MSdm subzone of the TFL 49 Kelowna. The ability of the FORECAST model to simulate accumulation patterns in CWD and soil organic matter and nitrogen following fire was tested by comparing model outputs with field data. The evaluation of the model against chronosequence-derived data highlighted the fact that caution needs to be taken when using such data for model testing. The very slow recruitment pattern for new CWD illustrates the need to retain sources of CWD recruitment following fire by not salvage logging all killed trees and/or surviving live trees.

Fire is the most significant natural disturbance agent in the MSdm biogeoclimatic subzone and has a determinant role in the dynamics of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia Engelm.ex S.Wats.) dominated forests. Fire severity is a controversial term that usually refers to a qualitative measure of the fire effects on soil and vegetation and ultimately on ecosystem sustainability. The main objective of the thesis was to evaluate methods for quantifying and modelling the effects of fire severity on live biomass and dead organic matter and post-fire coarse woody debris (CWD) dynamics. A review of the representation of fire in models was conducted and several of the most commonly used fire models in North America have been described in terms of fire severity representation. The potential for developing the fire severity concept as a fire effects descriptor in an ecosystem management model were assessed. Severity matrices summarizing the probabilities of occurrence for fires of varying severity were constructed for two sites in the MSdm biogeoclimatic subzone of British Columbia, using weather data and past fire records. These matrices provide information to improve fire representation in the ecosystem based model FORECAST by quantifying the effects of fire severity on dead and live biomass components. Although this represents only a preliminary step, the severity matrix approach appears toprovide a viable methodology for improving the representation of fire effects in FORECAST. Patterns of post-fire coarse woody debris (CWD) accumulation were also assessed in the context of model development. Data were collected from a chronosequence of fire affected sites in the MSdm subzone of the TFL 49 Kelowna. The ability of the FORECAST model to simulate accumulation patterns in CWD and soil organic matter and nitrogen following fire was tested by comparing model outputs with field data. The evaluation of the model against chronosequence-derived data highlighted the fact that caution needs to be taken when using such data for model testing. The very slow recruitment pattern for new CWD illustrates the need to retain sources of CWD recruitment following fire by not salvage logging all killed trees and/or surviving live trees.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University. Plant Biology, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Mar. 30, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p.197-216). Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 1, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Dec. 19, 2005). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-163). Also issued in print manuscript.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2010. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 200 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-167).

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1987. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-65). Also available on the World Wide Web.