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Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar como os modos de morar influenciam os usos e as apropria??es funcionais e simb?licas do espa?o urbano do Centro de Fortaleza, a partir da perspectiva dos habitantes e de suas rela??es com o lugar de moradia. O centro da cidade de Fortaleza ? marcado por cen?rios de desenvolvimento e de degrada??o do seu espa?o urbano. A intensifica??o da ocupa??o comercial e de servi?os promoveu ao longo dos anos, paradoxalmente, a valoriza??o do pre?o da terra e a desvaloriza??o do uso residencial. Assim, as ocupa??es residenciais se consolidaram de modo descont?nuo, concentrando-se principalmente nos limites externos ao n?cleo hist?rico do bairro. A pesquisa se estrutura a partir da delimita??o de uma ?rea do bairro e da sele??o de edifica??es residenciais multifamiliares, constru?das a partir da d?cada de 1950, pr?ximas ao n?cleo central. A an?lise das configura??es espaciais das edifica??es residenciais selecionadas, de suas rela??es com o entorno urbano e dos usos do solo, revela diferentes aspectos relacionados ? vitalidade urbana, produzindo impactos sobre os modos de morar constitu?dos a partir do cotidiano dos habitantes. O estudo dos modos de morar envolve a compreens?o de que o habitar est? para al?m dos limites residenciais privados e da ocupa??o funcional. A base conceitual desta pesquisa ? desenvolvida a partir da perspectiva de que o habitar representa um aspecto fundamental da condi??o humana, permitindo ao homem se relacionar com o espa?o de modo essencial (HIEDEGGER, 2012). Nesta perspectiva do habitar, o espa?o re?ne o mental e o cultural, o social e o hist?rico, sendo marcado por l?gicas simult?neas do concebido, do percebido e do vivido (LEFEBVRE, 2006). O desenvolvimento deste estudo, a partir do ponto de vista dos moradores do bairro, se insere na perspectiva do espa?o vivido, que se relaciona ao conceito de lugar, entendido como um fen?meno qualitativo, que confere ess?ncia e identidade ao espa?o. O lugar de moradia, marcado por coexist?ncias, ? um dos elementos estruturadores dos usos do solo urbano, e potencial para a reabilita??o de ?reas centrais de grandes metr?poles. Deste modo, o estudo parte da hip?tese de que o processo de reabilita??o urbana do Centro est? vinculado ? requalifica??o do habitar, que possibilita ao habitante sensibilizar os limites do abrigo e vivenciar o espa?o urbano. A requalifica??o do habitar se contrap?e ao espa?o residencial fundamentado na funcionalidade, na hierarquia, na autossufici?ncia, na padroniza??o e na reprodu??o do solo urbano, materializado nos adensados empreendimentos residenciais contempor?neos, que se colocam de modo alheio ? cidade. As etapas da pesquisa envolveram an?lises sobre a configura??o espacial dos edif?cios residenciais selecionados e de seus entornos, o mapeamento dos usos do solo e a aplica??o de entrevistas com moradores. Os dados coletados permitiram verificar que os edif?cios est?o localizados em ?reas marcadas pela heterogeneidade de usos, com elevado n?mero de habitantes e de usu?rios. No entanto, estes aspectos n?o s?o suficientes para promover a vitalidade dos espa?os p?blicos do bairro, uma vez que o movimento de pessoas nas ruas ? regulado pelos hor?rios de funcionamento do com?rcio, uso predominante na ?rea. Os discursos dos moradores, coletados em entrevistas, indicam que as condi??es de conserva??o dos espa?os p?blicos e a quest?o da inseguran?a influenciam suas rela??es cotidianas com o lugar de moradia, afetando aspectos fundamentais para requalifica??o do habitar na ?rea central de Fortaleza. / The present study has the objective of analyzing how the ways of dwelling influences the uses
and the functional and symbolic appropriations of the urban space in Fortaleza city center,
through the perspective of the residents and their relation with the living place. Scenarios of
development and degradation of its urban space have marked the city center of Fortaleza. The
intensification of the commercial and services occupation promoted through the years,
paradoxically, the valorization of the land price and the devalorization of the residential use.
Thus, the residential occupation was consolidated in a discontinuous way, being concentrated
mainly in the external limits of the historical core of the neighborhood. The research is
structured over the delimitation of an area and the selection of multifamily residential
buildings, built since the 1960s, close to the central core of the neighborhood. The spatial
configuration analysis of the selected residential buildings, and their relations with the urban
surroundings and the land uses, reveals different aspects related to the urban vitality,
producing impacts over the ways of dwelling constituted by the daily life of the residents. The
study of the ways of dwelling involves the comprehension that the dwelling is beyond the
private residential boundaries and the functional occupation. The conceptual base of this
research is developed over the perspective that the dwelling represents a fundamental aspect
of the human condition, allowing the person to relate with the space in an essential way
(HEIDEGGER, 2012). In this perspective of the dwelling, the space reunites the mental and
the cultural, the social and the historical, being marked by simultaneous logics of the
conceived, the perceived and the lived space (LEFEVBRE, 2006). The development of this
study, over the point of view of the neighborhood residents, is inserted in the perspective of
the lived space, related to the concept of place, understood as a qualitative phenomenon,
giving essence and identity to the space. The place of dwelling, marked by coexistences, is
one of the structural elements of the urban land use, and potential for the rehabilitation of the
central areas in big cities. Therefore, the study starts from the hypothesis that the location, the
nearby land uses and the spatial configuration of the residential buildings affect the ways of
dwelling, in other words the residents dissolve the boundaries of the shelter and experience
the urban space, from the dwelling place. The requalification of the dwelling is opposed to the
residential space based in functionality, in hierarchy, in self sufficiency, in standardization
and in the reproduction of the urban space, materialized in the dense contemporary residential
buildings, that are unrelated to the city. The stages of the research involved the spatial
configuration analysis of the selected residential buildings and their surrounding, the land use
mapping and interviews with the residents. The collected data allowed verifying that the
buildings are located in areas presenting heterogeneous land uses, with a great number of
residents and users. However, these aspects are not sufficient to promote the vitality of the
public spaces in the neighborhood, since the people movement in the streets is controlled by
the opening hours of the predominant commercial use in the area. The word of the residents,
collected in interviews, indicate that the conservation conditions of the public spaces and the
insecurity influences their everyday relations with the place of dwelling, affecting
fundamental aspects for the dwelling requalification in the central area of Fortaleza.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/21172 |
| Date | 15 February 2016 |
| Creators | Santana, Camila Maria Nogueira de |
| Contributors | 52451887320, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3481803473530409, Dantas, George Alexandre Ferreira, 91582610444, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9782385817332156, Juc? Neto, Clovis Ramiro, 24374636315, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8989405810173670, Nascimento, Jos? Clewton do |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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